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1、简单句 simple sentence,简单句,陈述句,感叹句,祈使句,疑问句,一般 疑问句,特殊 疑问句,反义 疑问句,选择 疑问句,长沙历年中考,陈述句,概念:说明一个事实或是陈述说话人的看法的句子,分为肯定句和否定句两种。,肯定句:主语+谓语 I like that book. I really agree.,否定句: I am not a teacher. The children arent playing in the playground. We must not forget the past. I have no money.,be作系动词,be作助动词,情态动词,其他否定词
2、,祈使句,祈使句表示命令、要求、建议或劝告等。,肯定祈使句,1.以动词原形开头,省略主语,Come in !,2.加强语气,在动词前加do,Do come on time !,否定的祈使句,1.Dont +动词原形,Dont be late.,2.Lets + not+动词原形,Lets not speak loudly.,真题演练,(2010浙江杭州,27) Im leaving now. _ you turn off the lights. A.To make sure B.Make sure C.Made sure D.Making sure,B,感叹句,The flowers are
3、beautiful. How beautiful the flowers are!,How delicious the cakes are!,delicious,How+adj/adv+S+V,How intresting the film is! How long the bridge is ! How wonderfully she dances!,A.How tall the man is ! B.What a tall man (he is)!,What a lovely bird it is!,What an interesting frog it is !,What lovely
4、cats they are!,What good weather! we can go hiking.,What a lovely bird it is! What lovely cats they are! What good weather! what+a/an+adj+C单! what+adj+U复! what+adj+U!,感叹句巧解:感叹句要看后面,即看形容词后的东西,若形容词后紧跟可数名词单数,就用what a/an; 2)是不可数名词或可数词复数,只用what,例句1:What a good boy he is! 形容词 单数名词,例句2:What good boys they
5、are! 形容词 复数名词 例句3:How good the boy is! / 形容词 定冠词,巧解how,3)若没有形容词,而出现副词或是句子,直接用how; 若形容词后后紧a/an/the/my/your /this/that/Toms等词,直接用how。,真题演练,(2010.30长沙) 1._ wide the streets are! A.What B.How C.What a,B,(2011.28长沙) 2._ tall the girl is! A. How B. How a C. What D. What a,A,(2012.21长沙) 3.What _ interestin
6、g book it is! A.a B.an C.the,B,(2013.26长沙) 4._ clever the boy is! A.How B.What C.What a,A,疑问句,考点:一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句,一、一般疑问句,概念:一般疑问句通常需要用yes 或no 来回答,所以又叫做“是非疑问句”。 类型: 1、“be + 主语 + 表语”结构“ Are you sleepy ? Yes, I am .,2、“情态动词 + 主语+ 行为动词(或be)”结构 May/Can I use the telephone? Yes, you can. 3、“助动词(do
7、, does, did)+ 主语 + 行为动词”结构 Do you like swimming in summer? No, I dont .,二、特殊疑问句,特殊疑问句是用来提出来特定问题的疑问句,要求听到问题的人针对特定情况来做具体的回答。 结构:特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句 Who do English homework in the evening? What do you do in the evening?,注意:,真题演练-补全对话(2013.长沙),A: Hello, Betty. What did you do last summer vacation? B: I visite
8、d my uncle. A: _ ? B: He lives in Dalian, a beautiful city. A:_? B: I stayed there for a week.,Where does he live,How long did you stay there,A:_ ? B: No, I havent. But Im going to spend a holiday there. A: Youd better go to Dalian in summer. So you can enjoy swimming in the sea. B: _. I will go the
9、re this summer vacation. A:_ ? B: By plane.,Have you been to Dalian,Thats a good idea.,How will you get/go there?,选择疑问句,概念:提出两种或两种以上的情况,要求对方选择一种回答的问句。,1.一般选择疑问句:,一般疑问句+or+被选择部分?,Do you like apples or pears? I like pears,2.特殊选择疑问句:,特殊疑问句,A+B?,Which would you like better,tea or coffee? I like coffee.,
10、反义疑问句,Its cold , _? Yes,it is.,isnt it,They dont like singing,_?,do they,No, they dont. They enjoy it a lot.,规则: 前肯,后否; 前否,后肯; 附加问句和陈述句人称、时态一致(相应时态的助动词的肯定/否定形式+人称代词)。,1. 前肯,+ 后否 be 动词: 1. You are an actor, _ ? 2. You were studying when I called you last night,_ ?,arent you,werent you,行为动词: 1. It oft
11、en rains here, _ ? 2. You have a headache, _ ?,doesnt it,dont you,其它动词: 1. You will go to America, _ _ ? 2. We have ever been to Shanghai, _ _ ?,wont you,havent we,2. 前否,+ 后肯 1. He isnt a good boy,_ ? 2. You didnt call me yesterday, _ _? 3. Dont smoke, _ _ ?,is he,did you,will you,特殊用法1 祈使句的反意疑问句 1)
12、在祈使句后面附加问句,以加强语气或使祈使句听起来较委婉、客气。附加问句可选用 “will you? ”“wont you?”。 Please call me, _?,will / wont you,2)祈使句为否定结构时,附加问句一般只用 “will you?”. Dont leave now, _ ?,will you,3)陈述句为 “Lets” 结构时, 表示建议,其意思包括对方,即“让我们(你我双方)”附加问句一般用 “shall we?” 。 Lets go home,_ ?,shall we,4)陈述句为 “Let us” 结构时, 表示请求,其意思不包括对方,即“你让我们(You
13、let us)”,附加问句一般用 “will you?” Let us go home,_ ?,will / wont you,特殊用法2 回答反意疑问句的问题时,要注意根据事情情况回答.只要事实是肯定,就用Yes回答;事实是否定的,就用No回答。,1. You havent been to the U. S. , have you? _. I want to have a visit one day. _.I have been there three times.,No, I havent.,Yes, I have.,特殊用法3 - 复合句 主句主语是I/we,谓语又是think,beli
14、eve,suppose,expect,imagine等,则附加疑问句的主语和谓语要与从句一致。,I think he is a good student, _?,isnt he,特殊用法4 情态动词的反义疑问句 陈述句+情态动词的简短否定/ 肯定+主语,1.He should go right now, _? 2.They cant finish it, _?,shouldnt he,can they,特殊用法5 -There be的反意疑问句。 陈述句为There be结构时,附加问句仍用there。,There is a famous doctor in your hometown,_? Yes, there is.,isnt there,特殊用法6 陈述部分若有否定意义的词,hardly, never, nothing, few, little, no, seldom,tooto 等, 疑问部分要用肯定形式。,Mr. Smith can hardly speak Chinese, _?,can he,特殊用法7 主语是everyone, someone, anyone, no one, nobody等不定代词时,反意疑问句的主语一般用they指代。,1.Anyone can do that, _? 2.No one knows about it, _?