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1、简单句 simple sentence,简单句,陈述句,感叹句,祈使句,疑问句,一般 疑问句,特殊 疑问句,反义 疑问句,选择 疑问句,长沙历年中考,陈述句,概念：说明一个事实或是陈述说话人的看法的句子，分为肯定句和否定句两种。,肯定句：主语+谓语 I like that book. I really agree.,否定句： I am not a teacher. The children arent playing in the playground. We must not forget the past. I have no money.,be作系动词,be作助动词,情态动词,其他否定词
2、,祈使句,祈使句表示命令、要求、建议或劝告等。,肯定祈使句,1.以动词原形开头，省略主语,Come in !,2.加强语气，在动词前加do,Do come on time !,否定的祈使句,1.Dont +动词原形,Dont be late.,2.Lets + not+动词原形,Lets not speak loudly.,真题演练,(2010浙江杭州，27） Im leaving now. _ you turn off the lights. A.To make sure B.Make sure C.Made sure D.Making sure,B,感叹句,The flowers are
3、beautiful. How beautiful the flowers are!,How delicious the cakes are!,delicious,How+adj/adv+S+V,How intresting the film is! How long the bridge is ! How wonderfully she dances!,A.How tall the man is ! B.What a tall man (he is)!,What a lovely bird it is!,What an interesting frog it is !,What lovely
4、cats they are！,What good weather! we can go hiking.,What a lovely bird it is! What lovely cats they are！ What good weather! what+a/an+adj+C单！ what+adj+U复！ what+adj+U！,感叹句巧解：感叹句要看后面，即看形容词后的东西,若形容词后紧跟可数名词单数，就用what a/an； 2)是不可数名词或可数词复数，只用what,例句1：What a good boy he is! 形容词 单数名词,例句2：What good boys they
5、are! 形容词 复数名词 例句3:How good the boy is! / 形容词 定冠词,巧解how,3）若没有形容词，而出现副词或是句子，直接用how； 若形容词后后紧a/an/the/my/your /this/that/Toms等词，直接用how。,真题演练,（2010.30长沙） 1._ wide the streets are! A.What B.How C.What a,B,(2011.28长沙） 2._ tall the girl is! A. How B. How a C. What D. What a,A,（2012.21长沙） 3.What _ interestin
6、g book it is! A.a B.an C.the,B,（2013.26长沙） 4._ clever the boy is! A.How B.What C.What a,A,疑问句,考点：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句,一、一般疑问句,概念：一般疑问句通常需要用yes 或no 来回答，所以又叫做“是非疑问句”。 类型： 1、“be + 主语 + 表语”结构“ Are you sleepy ? Yes, I am .,2、“情态动词 + 主语+ 行为动词（或be）”结构 May/Can I use the telephone? Yes, you can. 3、“助动词（do
7、, does, did）+ 主语 + 行为动词”结构 Do you like swimming in summer? No, I dont .,二、特殊疑问句,特殊疑问句是用来提出来特定问题的疑问句，要求听到问题的人针对特定情况来做具体的回答。 结构：特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句 Who do English homework in the evening? What do you do in the evening?,注意：,真题演练-补全对话(2013.长沙）,A: Hello, Betty. What did you do last summer vacation? B: I visite
8、d my uncle. A: _ ? B: He lives in Dalian, a beautiful city. A:_? B: I stayed there for a week.,Where does he live,How long did you stay there,A:_ ? B: No, I havent. But Im going to spend a holiday there. A: Youd better go to Dalian in summer. So you can enjoy swimming in the sea. B: _. I will go the
9、re this summer vacation. A:_ ? B: By plane.,Have you been to Dalian,Thats a good idea.,How will you get/go there?,选择疑问句,概念：提出两种或两种以上的情况，要求对方选择一种回答的问句。,1.一般选择疑问句：,一般疑问句+or+被选择部分？,Do you like apples or pears? I like pears,2.特殊选择疑问句：,特殊疑问句，A+B？,Which would you like better,tea or coffee? I like coffee.,
10、反义疑问句,Its cold , _? Yes,it is.,isnt it,They dont like singing,_?,do they,No, they dont. They enjoy it a lot.,规则： 前肯，后否； 前否，后肯； 附加问句和陈述句人称、时态一致（相应时态的助动词的肯定/否定形式+人称代词）。,1. 前肯，+ 后否 be 动词： 1. You are an actor, _ ? 2. You were studying when I called you last night,_ ?,arent you,werent you,行为动词： 1. It oft
11、en rains here, _ ？ 2. You have a headache, _ ？,doesnt it,dont you,其它动词： 1. You will go to America, _ _ ? 2. We have ever been to Shanghai, _ _ ?,wont you,havent we,2. 前否，+ 后肯 1. He isnt a good boy,_ ? 2. You didnt call me yesterday, _ _? 3. Dont smoke, _ _ ?,is he,did you,will you,特殊用法1 祈使句的反意疑问句 1）
12、在祈使句后面附加问句，以加强语气或使祈使句听起来较委婉、客气。附加问句可选用 “will you? ”“wont you?”。 Please call me, _?,will / wont you,2）祈使句为否定结构时，附加问句一般只用 “will you?”. Dont leave now, _ ?,will you,3）陈述句为 “Lets” 结构时， 表示建议，其意思包括对方，即“让我们（你我双方）”附加问句一般用 “shall we?” 。 Lets go home,_ ?,shall we,4）陈述句为 “Let us” 结构时， 表示请求，其意思不包括对方，即“你让我们（You
13、let us）”,附加问句一般用 “will you?” Let us go home,_ ?,will / wont you,特殊用法2 回答反意疑问句的问题时，要注意根据事情情况回答.只要事实是肯定，就用Yes回答;事实是否定的，就用No回答。,1. You havent been to the U. S. , have you? _. I want to have a visit one day. _.I have been there three times.,No, I havent.,Yes, I have.,特殊用法3 - 复合句 主句主语是I/we，谓语又是think,beli
14、eve,suppose,expect,imagine等，则附加疑问句的主语和谓语要与从句一致。,I think he is a good student, _?,isnt he,特殊用法4 情态动词的反义疑问句 陈述句+情态动词的简短否定/ 肯定+主语,1.He should go right now, _? 2.They cant finish it, _?,shouldnt he,can they,特殊用法5 -There be的反意疑问句。 陈述句为There be结构时，附加问句仍用there。,There is a famous doctor in your hometown,_? Yes, there is.,isnt there,特殊用法6 陈述部分若有否定意义的词，hardly, never, nothing, few, little, no, seldom，tooto 等, 疑问部分要用肯定形式。,Mr. Smith can hardly speak Chinese, _?,can he,特殊用法7 主语是everyone, someone, anyone, no one, nobody等不定代词时，反意疑问句的主语一般用they指代。,1.Anyone can do that, _? 2.No one knows about it, _?
