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1、动词和动词短语动词词义辨析1【2013新课标卷】Try not to cough more than you can_since it may cause problems to your lungs.AcheckBallowCstopDhelp【解析】句意为：自己能控制得住就尽量不要咳嗽，因为它会给你的肺带来问题。本题考查动词辨析。check检查；allow允许；stop阻止；can help sth.忍住做某事。根据句意可知答案为D项。【答案】D2【2013浙江卷】When the group discussion is nearing its end，make sure to _it w
2、ith important points.Aconclude BleadCavoid Dhold【解析】句意为：当小组讨论接近尾声的时候，一定要用要点来结束讨论。本题考查动词词义辨析。A.结束，符合句意。B.领导，导致；C.避免；D.抓住，均不符合句意，故选A项。【答案】A3【2013福建卷】Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which_spending quite a lot of time with students.Aenjoys Binvolves CpracticesDsuggests【解析】句意为：Michelle找到了一份
3、中学教师的工作，这份工作需要花费相当多的时间和学生在一起。本题考查动词辨析。A.喜欢；B.包括，涉及；C.练习；D.建议。B项符合句意。【答案】B动词短语辨析4【2013浙江卷】Bears_fat stores throughout the summer and fall to have energy enough to last them through their winter sleep.Apack up Bbuild up Cbring up Dtake up【解析】句意为：熊在夏天和秋天积累脂肪，以便有足够的能量使它们度过冬眠。本题考查动词词组辨析。pack up打包，收起来；bui
4、ld up逐渐积累；bring up养育，提出，呕吐；take up开始从事，把继续下去，占据。【答案】B5【2013福建卷】Oldfashioned phones matter when wireless networks_in disasters.Aturn down Bturn out Cbreak down Dbreak out【解析】句意为：在灾难中无线网络瘫痪的时候，老式电话起到重要作用。本题考查动词短语辨析。A.拒绝，关小（声音）；B.结果是；C.出故障；D.爆发（战争，打斗等）。【答案】C6【2013辽宁卷】Briggs will_as general manager when
5、 Mitchell retires.Aget away Btake over Cset off Drun out【解析】句意为：Mitchell退休之后，Briggs将接任总经理的职位。考查动词短语辨析。take over接收，接管，接任；get away逃脱，离开；set off出发，动身，使爆炸；run out用尽，过期。【答案】B1动词（短语）辨析类题目的解题关键是：首先要明确题干中英语句子的意思，其次必须全面、深刻地把握备选答案中动词（短语）的意义。2不同动词与不同的副词或介词连用构成的短语在意义上差别很大，是高考试题中的易错点，而且在高考试题中频繁出现。3有些相同动词与不同介词或副词
6、构成的短语，较难区分，这就要求我们既要充分理解语境，又要掌握短语多种含义。一、高考常考的几组动词词义辨析1injure，hurt，wound，destroyinjure一般指在意外事故中受伤hurt表示“伤害”的一般用法，既可指对肉体的伤害，也可指对情感的伤害wound常指外伤，尤指在战争、战斗中造成的伤害destroy一般指彻底损坏，常译成“毁坏，损坏”I didnt want to hurt his feelings.我不想伤害他的感情。He was wounded in the battle.他在战斗中负过伤。2adapt，adjust，adopt，attachadaptvt.适应，ad
7、apt oneself to使自己适应adjustvt.适应，调整，adjust oneself to使自己适应adoptvt.采取，采纳；收养，领养attachvt.把附在上；重视attach much importance to.非常重视According to experts，China needs to adjust its family planning policy to fight against an aging population.根据专家的建议，中国需要调整计划生育政策来应对人口老龄化问题。Parents attach much importance to educati
8、on.They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift.父母都非常重视教育。他们会尽自己最大的努力给予孩子们无价的馈赠。3link，relate，connect，combinelink连接，联系，指将各个物体连接起来relate联系，指与某事或人有关联connect连接，指两物有形的连接，与link同义combine（使）结合，（使）联系，着重指两个或两个以上的事物为了共同目的而结合在一起，常指一些无形的事情【2010福建高考】In this day and age，women can have childre
9、n and jobs as well.I cant agree more.Its great to have the two combined.在当今时代，妇女既可以带孩子又可以工作。我完全赞成。把两者结合起来太棒了。The government was planning a new railway connecting Beijing and Shanghai.政府当时正在规划一条连接北京和上海的新铁路。二、常见动词短语搭配1agreeagree with sb./ones idea/what sb. says同意某人的看法/某人的观点/某人所说的agree to a proposal/pl
10、an/suggestion.同意某个计划/建议agree on表示具体协议的文件、计划、行动的词，表示就某事看法一致。You look well. The air and the sea foods in Sanya must agree with you，I suppose.你气色很好。我想，三亚的空气和海鲜肯定适合你。2breakbreak away from脱离break down坏掉；出故障；垮掉break into闯入，破门而入break out（战争）爆发break in破门而入break off打断；中断break up打碎；（物理）分解；分开；结束；制止【2012陕西高考】He
11、 had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead，because the air conditioning system broke down.他需要不时停下来擦额头的汗，因为空调坏了。On hearing the news，the president broke off his visit to Australia and returned home immediately.听到这个消息，总统立刻中断了对澳大利亚的访问，回到了本国。3bringbring about引起bring up养育，呕吐bring
12、down使倒下，降低bring in吸引，赚bring back使回忆起，重新使用【2011湖北高考】The government has taken measures to bring down the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.政府已经采取措施来降低日用品的高价格，以保持市场稳定。4callcall for需要，邀请call on/at号召；访问call in召集；召来call up召唤，召集；打电话call off取消The scene of the children playing happily in t
13、he park called up memories of her childhood.孩子们在公园高兴玩耍的场景勾起了她对童年的回忆。5comecome about发生come across偶遇come along跟随come to共计，达到，苏醒come true变为现实come up走上前，被提出come up with提出come into being形成come into use投入使用【2011安徽高考】If you come across faults but you still want the bicycle，ask the shop assistant to reduce
14、the price.如果你发现你想要买的这辆自行车有瑕疵，但是你仍想买这辆，就让服务员降价。【2013新课标卷】Would you like to come along with us to the film tonight？今晚你愿意和我们一起去看电影吗？6getget along/on （with）进展，相处get away （from）逃离（某地），度假get down to开始认真注意（或对待）某事（to为介词）get off下车，起飞，脱下get up（使）起床，站起get across被理解get hold of抓住get through到达，用完，通过，度过，打通（电话）【201
15、3天津高考】I had hoped to take a holiday this year but I wasnt able to get away.我本希望今年去度假，但没能去。【2013江苏高考】Team leaders must ensure that all members get over their natural desire to avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes.团队领导者必须要确保所有的队员克服本能的欲望以避免犯错误带来的尴尬。7givegive up放弃give in屈服give out用尽；分发give back归还；使恢复give away泄露；赠送；颁发give off发出
