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1、英语完形填空的讲解与训练完形填空1、命题原则（1）时代性原则。要求紧密结合当前国际国内形势和时代特点，以引导同学们在学习语言知识的同时关心国内外大事，了解国际形势，扩大视野。（2）教育性原则。要求同学们在做题的过程中受到某些方面的教育，寓思想教育于外语教学之中。这也是素质教育的要求，增强同学们辨别是非的能力。（3）自然性原则。结合同学们所学词汇、语法知识和有关自然界等方面的知识进行命题，有助于同学们关心社会和关心身边的环境，扩大知识面。（4）严格控制生词量。有一些已学单词的派生词、合成词和转换词，但加注汉语的生词不超过4个。一般给出的短文长度为220-320词数。2、命题特点(1)首句完整，线
2、索清楚。有时作者在第一句话就交代了人物的姓名、身份、业绩或事件发生的时间、地点，然后再介绍事件的发生、发展，最后得出结果。(2)叙述灵活，侧重语境。文章以叙述或说明为主，人物间对话较少，绝大部分篇章是作者在描述事件，较少加入作者的观点或评论。因此，常会出现态度与观点的跳跃变换，或语气上的差异。这 增加了情景的迷惑性和干扰性，从而突出了对语境的依赖，实现了在理解上下文的基础上，通过语境，辨析词语，作出选择。 (3)四个选项一般都为同一词性。首句不设空。空格最大间隔不超过30个词，最小不低于5个词。间隔20-30个词为2-3个空，间隔10-20个词的空为6-8个，其余10个空为间隔5-10个词。3
3、、解题方法按照一般的要求，完型填空所采用的短文一般不给标题，文章的首句通常是个完整的句子。这个句子不容忽视，往往是全文的关键句。常常包含对解题有用的信息，由此可判断文章的大意和主题。所以，考生要充分利用首句的表示作用，利用他找到一个突破口，据此展开思维，争取开门顺利。(1)做完形填空必须静下心来，首先把短文从头到尾快速阅读一至两遍，从整体上感知全文，了解大意。第一遍跳过空格，不看选项，快速阅读；虽然有困难，但可以在有意注意文中找到“文眼”也就是透露文章内容的关键词句。如果是故事性的文章，那时间、地点、人物就是关键词：抓住了关键词就抓住了理解文章的线索，从而理解全文，此时选填就不会是胡猜乱填。可
4、见，通读全文进而掌握大意是做好完形填空的先决条件。(2)在掌握了大意之后，一边读短文一边选择答案。 同学们在阅读过程中，有些答案也许会在你的脑海中浮现，有些你觉得没有把握或是把握不大，这时最好不要马上答题，先把文章看完。因为有些空白处，从单一的句子本身来看是难以确定答案的。也许有些同学想省时间，看一点做一点，缺乏全局观念，就可能会造成势必欲速则不达；有时甚至一步走错，误导至于步步皆错。所以只有在抓住了关键线索之后先把较为稳当的答案填上，然后再逐步完成全部解题。 （3）检查核对，完善答案。 典例1Children find meanings in their old family tales.
5、When Stephen Guyers three children were growing up, he told them stories about bow his grandfather, a banker, 1 all in the 1930s, but did not lose sight of what he valued most. In one of the darkest times 2 his strong-minded grandfather was nearly 3 , he loaded his family into the car and 4 them to
6、see family members in Canada with a 5 ,“there are more important thins in life than money. ” The 6 took on a new meaning recently when Mr. Guyer downsized to a 7 house from a more expensive and comfortable one. He was 8 that his children ,a daughter, 15, and twins, 22, would be upset. To his surpris
7、e, they werent 9 , their reaction echoed （共鸣） their great-grandfathers. What they 10 was how warm the people were in the house and how 11 of their heart was accessible. Many parents are finding family stories have surprising power to help children 12 hard times. Storytelling expects say the phenomen
8、on reflects a growing 13 in telling tales, evidenced by a rise in a storytelling events and festivals. A university 14 of 65 families with children aged from 14 to 16 found kids ability to _15 parents stories was linked to a lower rate of anger and anxiety. The 16 is telling the stories in a way chi
9、ldren can 17 . Were not talking here about the kind of story that 18 , “ When I was a kid, I walked to school every day uphill both ways, barefoot in the snow. ” Instead, we should choose a story suited to the childs 19 , and make eye contact （接触） to create “a personal experience”,. We dont have to
10、tell children 20 they should take from the story and what the moral is . ”1. A. missed B. lost C. forgot D. ignored 2. A. when B. while C. how D. why 3. A. friendless B. worthless C. penniless D. homeless 4. A fetched B. allowed C. expected D. took 5. A. hope B. promise C. suggestion D. belief 6. A.
11、 tale B. agreement C. arrangement D. report 7. A. large B. small C. new D. grand 8. A. surprised B. annoyed C. disappointed D. worried 9. A. Therefore B. Besides C. Instead D. Otherwise 10. A. talked about B. cared about C. wrote about D. heard about 11. A. much B. many C. little D. few 12. A. beyon
12、d B. over C. behind D. through 13. A. argument B. skill C. interest D. anxiety 14. A. study B. design C. committee D. staff 15. A. provide B. retell C. support D. refuse 16. A. trouble B. gift C. fact D. trick 17. A. perform B. write C. hear D. question 18. A. means B. ends C. begins D. proves 19. A
13、. needs B. activities C. judgments D. habits 20. A. that B. what C. which D. whom 【思路点拨】1.首先通读全文，了解到本文是议论文；其大意：先是叙述Stephen Guyer利用以前的家族故事来鼓舞孩子度过艰难时光；然后讲到许多父母都在不断地发掘家族故事，家族故事对帮助孩子们度过艰难时光有很大作用。日益增多的讲故事的活动和节日反映了人们对讲述家族故事越来越感兴趣。有的大学对此进行了研究。讲家族故事的方式和内容等应该适合学生的需要。 2.逐句细读，透析文意。通过词义辨析解决第1、4、13、16题；通过语法和情景解决
14、第2、10题，通过情景理解解决第3、11、15、20题3.通过联系前后文的相互照应解决第5、7、8、9、13、14、19题。4.最后在全面补充验证。运用篇章结构和常识等方面的知识解决第11、12、17、18题。【答案与解析】1.B【解析】考查动词辨析。句意为：他的祖父一个银行家在二十世纪三十年代失去了一切财产。A错过；B失去；C忘记；D忽略。A/C/D不合题意，B合题意；故答案选B。2.A【解析】考查定语从句引导词的选择。因先行词在定语从句中做时间状语，故用when引导。A引导定语从句，并且在从句中做时间状语，B不能引导定语从句，C引导定语从句，但它只能在从句中作方式状语。D可以引导定语从句，
15、但它只能在从句中作原因状语。故答案选A。3.C【解析】考查语境和形容词辨析。在那艰难的日子里，他的有主见的祖父几乎一无所有。C表示“一无所有”，A不友好，B无价值，D无家可归。故用C最合适。答案选C。4.D【解析】考查动词辨析。他把全家人装进小车并且带他们去加拿大看有信念的家庭成员。“带-去做某某事情”用take, A去取，B允许，C期望；据句意用took,故答案选D。5.D【解析】考查语境和名词辨析。从后文“There are more important things in life than money”理解判断这里应该是指“有信念”的家庭成员。With+名词作定语。A希望，B许诺，C建议，D信念、信仰；故答案选D合题意。6.A【解析】考查名词辨析。联系上文“这些家族故事在此被赋予新的含义”；A传说、故事；B协
