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1、选修 8 Unit 1 A land of diversity核心单词1. distinctionn. 差别；区分；卓著常用结构：make a distinction between 对加以区分win a distinction for 因而获功勋without distinction 无差别地；一视同仁地联想拓展distinct adj. 清晰的；明显的；明确的be distinct in .from . 在某方面与不同（as）distinct from . 与不同（的）He has a distinct gift for drawing.他有很明显的绘画天赋。You should make
2、 your writing distinct. 你应该把字写清楚。 高手过招翻译句子 （原创）There is a distinct possibility that shell be your teacher next term.Those two ideas are quite distinct from each other. 答案： 她下学期当你们老师的可能性非常大。那两种观点截然不同。2. meansn. 手段；方法（单数和复数形式相同）常用结构：by means of 用办法；借助by all means 一定，务必；好的，当然可以by no means 决不，一点也不（位于句首时
3、，句子用部分倒装）by every means 用尽一切可能的办法易混辨析 means/way/method means指“方法、方式、工具”，着重于具体的手段（单复数形式相同）。 way指“一般的方法、方式或个人的特殊方法、方式”，与技巧或效果的好坏无关。 method指“有系统的、有效率的精心拟定的方法”，也可以指抽象概念“条理”。a way to do sth.a way of doing sth./a method of doing sth. 做的方法in this way/with the method/by this means 用这种些方法by the way 顺便问一下 on
4、one s way to . 在去的路上in the way 挡住路温馨提示means作主语且有every, each等词修饰时，谓语动词用单数；有some, several, many, few等词修饰时，谓语动词用复数。Radio and television are important means of communication. 无线电和电视是重要的通信手段。Please find an alternative means of transport.请另外找一种运输方式。Every means has been tried. 每种方法都试过了。All means have been
5、tried. 所有方法都试过了。She could not speak, but made her wishes known by means of signs.她不会说话，但她用手势表达了她的愿望。高手过招(1)单项填空 May I have a look at your book? . （201001江苏南京检测）A. By this means B. By all meansC. By this way D. By any means（2）翻译句子 （原创）这绝非解决问题的良计。他借助一根绳子慢慢地下来了。解析： (1) 选B。by all means意为“一定；当然可以”，符合句意。(
6、2)This is by no means a good way to solve the problem.He let himself down slowly by means of a rope. 3. majority n. 大多数；大半 A/The majority of doctors agree that smoking is extremely harmful to health.大多数医生认为吸烟对健康极为有害。The majority was/were in favour of the proposal. 多数人赞成这个建议。常用结构：be in the/a majority
7、 构成大部分/大多数a majority over sb. 超过对方的票数联想拓展major adj.&n. 较大的；主要的；主修，专攻minority adj.&n. 少数；少数民族；未成年高手过招(1)单项填空Every means been tried and all well now.A. have; go B. has; goC. has; goes D. have; goes（2）完成句子 （原创）English speakers form the (大多数) of the population.(3)用适当的介词填空Among the members of the committ
8、ee those who favour the changes are the majority. They had a large majority the other party at the last election. (4)用括号内所给词的适当形式填空The majority of people (prefer) peace to war.The majority of the damage (be) easy to repair.解析：(1) 选B。 考查means作主语时谓语动词的形式。means意为“方式，方法”，单复数形式相同，被every修饰时谓语动词用单数形式；被all修
9、饰时谓语动词用复数形式。(2)Majority (3) in over(4) prefer/prefers is4. occur vi. 发生；存在；出现常用结构：occur to (主意或想法突然)浮现于脑中;被想起，被想到it occurs to sb. to do sth. 使某人想到做某事it occurs to sb. that . 某人想到Just then an idea occurred to me. 就在那时我想起了一个主意。It suddenly occurred to me that I had left my umbrella upstairs.我突然想到我把伞忘在楼上
10、了。易混辨析 happen/occur/take place happen是一般用语，尤其指偶然发生，表示“碰巧、恰好”的意思。 occur 文言意味较浓,常指某特定事物的发生，也可以表示某种想法出现在人的头脑中。 take place 指事先计划或预料到的“发生”，此外还有“举行”的意思。New things are happening all around us.新事物在我们周围不断发生。The explosion occurred at 5:30 a.m. 爆炸发生在早上5点30分。When will the basketball game take place?篮球赛何时举行？ 高手过
11、招单项填空It suddenly to the detective that the millionaire was probably murdered by his own daughter. （201001安徽合肥检测）Happened B. occurred C. thought D. took place 解析：选B。由空格后的to可知，选B。occur to 一个想法突然呈现。 5. indicatevt. 指出；标示；表明；暗示I asked him where my sister was and he indicated the shop opposite.我问他我姐姐在哪，他指
12、了指对面的商店。Research indicates that men find it easier to give up smoking than women.研究显示男人比女人更容易戒烟。常用结构：indicate sth. (to sb.)向（某人）表示某事；把指给（某人）看indicate that .表示；示意联想拓展indication n. 指出；表明indicative adj.指示的；暗示的 高手过招完成句子 （原创）The government has (表明) that it intends to cut taxes.A flashing red light (标示) t
13、hat a stretch of road was undergoing repairs.There is every (表明) of a change in the weather.答案： indicated indicated indication重点短语6. live on 继续存在；继续生存She lived on for many years after her husband died.丈夫死后她继续活了许多年。联想拓展live on sth. 以某物为食；靠某种经济来源生活live by doing sth. 靠做某事为生live for sth. 以某事物为生活目标live through sth. 经历某事物而幸存live up to sth. 依照某事物行事；表现出符合某事物的标准live with sth. 接受或容忍某现象live to be. = live to th
