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1、正面解读反面解读实战演练,专题14,正反解读构词法,1.2017全国卷 She is determined to carry on with her_(educate).,【答案】 education 根据前面的with her可知,填educate的名词形式education。,高考连接,2. 2017全国卷 This development was only possible with the_(introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts.,【答案】 introduction 根据with the可知,此处用introduce的名词形式
2、introduction,表示“采用,引进”之意。,3.2017全国卷 Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been_(fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.,【答案】 fairly 根据形容词unpleasant可知,此处需用副词fairly修饰形容词。,4. 2017全国卷 However, be_ (care) not to go to extremes.,【答案】 careful 分析语境可知be后面应该
3、用形容词作表语,故填careful。,5. 2016浙江卷自选模块 I deeply respect her_ (determine) and ability to stand up for herself, and I am grateful to have such a positive role model.,【答案】 determination 根据her可知,填名词determination,表示“决定,决心”。,考点一 合成法 规则1 复合名词的主要构成方式,考点归纳,规则2 复合形容词的主要构成方式,规则3 复合动词的主要构成方式,考点二 转化法,考点三 派生法 规则1 前缀构词
4、法,(续表),规则2 后缀构词法 (1)名词后缀,(2)形容词后缀,(3)动词后缀,(4)副词后缀,词性的误用 【误】 I was supposed to arrive at the airport on time. Unfortunate, I was held up by the heavy traffic jam. 【正】 I was supposed to arrive at the airport on time. Unfortunately,I was held up by the heavy traffic jam. 分析 Unfortunate改为Unfortunately。修
5、饰整个句子作状语应用副词,根据句意可知应表示“不幸的是”,故将Unfortunate改为Unfortunately。,【误】 Youd better take account of your able accurately before attempting to do such a business. 【正】 Youd better take account of your ability accurately before attempting to do such a business. 分析 able改为ability。根据your可知此处应用名词ability,表示“能力”。句意:你
6、最好在尝试做这笔生意前准确地考虑一下自己的能力。,【误】 The black people were against slavery and fought for their freedom brave.【正】 The black people were against slavery and fought for their freedom bravely. 分析 brave改为bravely。修饰动词fought应用副词,故将brave改为bravely。,【误】 Excellent oral and written communication skills in Chinese and
7、English are of important. 【正】 Excellent oral and written communication skills in Chinese and English are of importance. 分析 important改为importance。介词之后要接名词。故将important改为importance。be of importance=be important,【误】 However, in the past few months, the situation has worse considerably. 【正】 However, in t
8、he past few months, the situation has worsened considerably. 分析 worse改为worsened。分析句子结构可知,此句缺少谓语动词,故用worsen表示“恶化”。句意:然而,在过去的几个月,情况恶化得相当严重。,. 单句填空 1. In a good_ (marry), both husband and wife work hard to solve any problems that arise.,【答案】 .marriage 在形容词后用名词marriage,表示“婚姻”。,2. In a_ (danger) part of
9、the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to look for a dolphin.,【答案】 dangerous 在冠词与名词之间要用形容词dangerous作定语表示“危险的”。,3. Teachers must try their best to make most of their students _ (interest) in the subject.,【答案】 interested 所填词在句中作宾语most of their students的补足语,故用形容词interested表示“感兴趣的”。,4. When C
10、hinas ancient scientific and technological _(achieve) are mentioned, the nation will generally refer to the Four Great Inventions.,【答案】 achievements 作主语要用名词,根据are可知主语是复数,故填achievements。,5. To most young children, being laughed at by others is a(n) _(pleasant) experience.,【答案】 unpleasant 根据句意“被别人嘲笑会使
11、人不愉快”可知填unpleasant,表示“不愉快的,不舒服的”。,6. It was important for you to_ (write) the essay to polish it according to the editors suggestion.,【答案】 rewrite 根据语境“润色文章是需要重新改写的”可知填rewrite,表示“改写,重写”。,7.The parents were shocked by the news that their son needed an_ (operate) on his knee.,【答案】 operation 在冠词后要用名词,故
12、填operation。,8. Wherever they went, they were_ (close) followed by security men.,【答案】 closely 修饰动词followed作状语要用副词closely,表示“紧紧地”。,9. There must be something _ (serious) wrong with our society.,【答案】 seriously 修饰形容词wrong作状语要用副词seriously,表示“严重地”。,10. People certainly have a variety of reasons for going
13、back to school but one important thing to know is, no knowledge is _ (use).,【答案】 useless 作表语要用形容词,结合句意“没有什么知识是无用的”可知填useless。,11. The report has a detailed _ (describe) of what happened yesterday.,【答案】 description 冠词修饰名词,故用名词形式。,12.I followed her to the railway station and then she _(appear) suddenl
14、y.,【答案】 disappeared 根据句意“我跟着她到了火车站,然后她突然消失了”可知填disappeared,表示“消失,不见”。,13. He hardly ever exercises. So he is kind of_(health).,【答案】 unhealthy 作表语用形容词,结合句意“他几乎不锻炼身体,所以有点儿不健康”可知填unhealthy,表示“不健康的”。,14. His teacher took a deep drink, smiled _(warm), and thanked his student very much for the sweet water
15、.,【答案】 warmly 修饰动词smiled作状语要用副词形式,故填warmly。,15. _(fail) is such a common matter that every one of us may meet it from time to time.,【答案】 Failure 作主语用名词failure,表示“失败”。,. 单句改错 12014全国卷 The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste.,【答案】 taste改为tasty,22014全国卷 We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!,【答案】 wonderfully改为wonderful,32014全国卷 The teachers here are kind and helpfully. They are not only our teachers but also our friends.,【答案】 helpfully改为helpful,42014浙江卷 No one in the carriage had previous spoken to or even noticed the ticket-o
