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1、专题十八 说明文和议论文,-2-,真题演练 (2015浙江) Since finishing my studies at Harvard and Oxford,Ive watched one friend after another land high-ranking,high-paying Wall Street jobs.As executives(高级管理人员)with banks,consulting firms,established law firms,and major corporations,many are now 21 on their way to impressive
2、 careers.By societys 22 ,they seem to have it made.,-3-,On the surface,these people seem to be very lucky in life.As they left student life behind,many had a 23 drink at their cheap but friendly local bar,shook hands with longtime roommates,and 24 out of small apartments into high buildings.They mad
3、e reservations at restaurants where the cost of a bottle of wine 25 a college years monthly rent.They replaced their beloved old cars with expensive new sports cars. The thing is,a number of them have 26 that despite their success,they arent happy.Some 27 of unfriendly coworkers and feel sad for eig
4、ht-hour workweeks devoted to tasks they 28 .Some do not respect the companies they work for and talk of feeling tired and 29 .However,instead of devoting themselves to their work,they find themselves working to support the 30 to which they have so quickly become 31 .,-4-,People often speak of trying
5、 a more satisfying path,and 32 in the end the idea of leaving their jobs to work for something they 33 or finding a position that would give them more time with their families almost always leads them to the same conclusion:its 34 .They have loans,bills,a mortgage(抵押贷款) to 35 ,retirement to save for
6、.They recognize theres something 36 in their lives,but its 37 to step off the track. In a society that tends to 38 everything in terms of dollars and cents,we learn from a young age to consider the costs of our 39 in financial terms.But what about the personal and social costs 40 in pursuing money o
7、ver meaning?These are exactly the kinds of costs many of us tend to ignoreand the very ones we need to consider most.,-5-,21.A.much B.never C.seldom D.well 22.A.policies B.standards C.experiments D.regulations 23.A.last B.least C.second D.best 24.A.cycled B.moved C.slid D.looked 25.A.shared B.paid C
8、.equaled D.collected 26.A.advertised B.witnessed C.admitted D.demanded 27.A.complain B.dream C.hear D.approve 28.A.distribute B.hate C.applaud D.neglect 29.A.calm B.guilty C.warm D.empty 30.A.family B.government C.lifestyle D.project,-6-,31.A.accustomed B.appointed C.unique D.available 32.A.yet B.al
9、so C.instead D.rather 33.A.let out B.turn in C.give up D.believe in 34.A.fundamental B.practical C.impossible D.unforgettable 35.A.take off B.drop off C.put off D.pay off 36.A.missing B.inspiring C.sinking D.shining 37.A.harmful B.hard C.useful D.normal 38.A.measure B.suffer C.digest D.deliver 39.A.
10、disasters B.motivations C.campaigns D.decisions 40.A.assessed B.involved C.covered D.reduced,-7-,-8-,-9-,-10-,-11-,【答案解析】 21.D 作者的朋友们接受过高等教育,算是社会的精英分子,他们在各大公司做得风生水起,完全处于通往令人赞叹的职业生涯的途中。well此处表示程度,意为“完全地,彻底地”。 22.B 作者的这些朋友,依照社会的标准来衡量,似乎很容易获取成功。句中的have it made意为“有成功的把握,很容易办到”。 23.A 根据下文内容可知,因为这些人获得了成功,
11、他们不可能再去那些低档次的地方消费,所以他们在廉价但气氛友好的当地酒吧最后一次喝酒。 24.B move out of意为“脱离,摆脱”,此处指的是作者的这些朋友从小的公寓里搬出来,住进了高楼里。 25.C 此处描述朋友们奢侈的生活方式,他们预订座位的饭店饭菜昂贵,一瓶酒的价格等同于大学里一个月的房租。,-12-,26.C 问题是,他们中的一些人承认,虽然他们成功了,但是他们并不快乐。 27.A complain of是固定短语,意为“抱怨”,他们抱怨同事们不友好。 28.B 根据前面的feel sad for可知,这些工作是他们不喜欢做的,所以他们对一天八小时的工作感到烦恼。 29.D 此处
12、继续描述那些成功人士的烦恼,一些人不尊重他们效力的公司,说自己感到厌倦和空虚。 30.C 然而,这些人不是全身心地投入工作,他们发觉自己工作的目的只是为了维持那种他们很快就习惯了的生活方式。 31.A 分析句子结构,to which they have so quickly become accustomed是定语从句,修饰lifestyle。become accustomed to是固定短语,意为“习惯于,对变得习以为常”。,-13-,32.A 人们经常说尝试一种更令人满意的道路,可是最终,人们只是说说而已,没有人真的舍弃一切,改变固有的生活模式。yet 意为“可是”。 33.D 有些人想过
13、放弃自己的工作去为他们信仰的某些事情而工作,或者找到一个让他们有更多时间陪伴家人的职位。 34.C 上述的内容只是停留在很多人的想象中,最终,他们得出相同的结论:这是不可能的事情。 35.D 人们的美好想法最终败给了现实:他们需要支付贷款、账单,他们要付清抵押贷款,他们要为退休后的生活攒钱。 36.A 他们意识到在生活中某些东西失去了,但是脱离原有的生活轨道是很难的事情。 37.B 根据上文内容可知,现实生活中的人们,总是为生计所累,不可能说走就走,说离开就离开,所以脱离原有的生活轨道是不容易做到的。,-14-,38.A 我们现在生活的社会是以金钱来衡量一切的,所以我们从很小的时候就学会了从金
14、钱的角度去考虑我们做出的决定的经济成本。 39.D 根据上文内容可知,很多人之所以放弃自己的决定,就是觉得不合算,这个“合算”当然是从金钱的角度来衡量的。 40.B involved in作后置定语,修饰costs,意为“卷入,涉及”。作者反问:卷入到金钱至上中的个人成本和社会成本怎么计算呢?,-15-,A (2018河北衡水模拟) As a child,I was always told to “eat my greens”,the unappealing vegetables that all looked and tasted 1. .Facing so many other delic
15、ious treats to 2. ,why eat boring vegetables? Since then my taste buds have3. and Im also fully aware of the health benefits of eating fresh vegetables.But we still need 4. of the amazing goodness these green super foods give us.In the UK,a campaign has been 5. for several years to encourage us to e
16、at our “5 A Day”five portions of fruit and vegetables.Thats 6. evidence has shown significant health 7. to getting at least five 80g portions of a variety of fruit and vegetables every day.,-16-,But I struggle trying to fit these five portions into my daily 8. ,partly because I have a sweet 9. and vegetables are,well,tasteless.Researchers have been 10. how to make eating vegetables more 11. .They analysed the psychology behind our food 12. and found that most of us are 13.
