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1、oracle里的常用命令第一部分 第一章：日志管理 1.forcing log switches sql alter system switch logfile;2.forcing checkpoints sql alter system checkpoint; 3.adding online redo log groups sql alter database add logfile group 4 sql (/disk3/log4a.rdo,/disk4/log4b.rdo) size 1m; 4.adding online redo log members sql alter datab
2、ase add logfile member sql /disk3/log1b.rdo to group 1, sql /disk4/log2b.rdo to group 2; 5.changes the name of the online redo logfile sql alter database rename file c:/oracle/oradata/oradb/redo01.log sql to c:/oracle/oradata/redo01.log; 6.drop online redo log groups sql alter database drop logfile
3、group 3; 7.drop online redo log members sql alter database drop logfile member c:/oracle/oradata/redo01.log; 8.clearing online redo log files sql alter database clear unarchived logfile c:/oracle/log2a.rdo; 9.using logminer analyzing redo logfiles a. in the init.ora specify utl_file_dir = b. sql exe
4、cute dbms_logmnr_d.build(oradb.ora,c:oracleoradblog); c. sql execute dbms_logmnr_add_logfile(c:oracleoradataoradbredo01.log, sql dbms_logmnr.new); d. sql execute dbms_logmnr.add_logfile(c:oracleoradataoradbredo02.log, sql dbms_logmnr.addfile); e. sql execute dbms_logmnr.start_logmnr(dictfilename=c:o
5、racleoradblogoradb.ora); f. sql select * from v$logmnr_contents(v$logmnr_dictionary,v$logmnr_parameters sql v$logmnr_logs); g. sql execute dbms_logmnr.end_logmnr; 第二章：表空间管理 1.create tablespaces sql create tablespace tablespace_name datafile c:oracleoradatafile1.dbf size 100m, sql c:oracleoradatafile
6、2.dbf size 100m minimum extent 550k logging/nologging sql default storage (initial 500k next 500k maxextents 500 pctinccease 0) sql online/offline permanent/temporary extent_management_clause 2.locally managed tablespace sql create tablespace user_data datafile c:oracleoradatauser_data01.dbf sql siz
7、e 500m extent management local uniform size 10m; 3.temporary tablespace sql create temporary tablespace temp tempfile c:oracleoradatatemp01.dbf sql size 500m extent management local uniform size 10m; 4.change the storage setting sql alter tablespace app_data minimum extent 2m; sql alter tablespace a
8、pp_data default storage(initial 2m next 2m maxextents 999); 5.taking tablespace offline or online sql alter tablespace app_data offline; sql alter tablespace app_data online; 6.read_only tablespace sql alter tablespace app_data read only|write; 7.droping tablespace sql drop tablespace app_data inclu
9、ding contents; 8.enableing automatic extension of data files sql alter tablespace app_data add datafile c:oracleoradataapp_data01.dbf size 200m sql autoextend on next 10m maxsize 500m; 9.change the size fo data files manually sql alter database datafile c:oracleoradataapp_data.dbf resize 200m; 10.Mo
10、ving data files: alter tablespace sql alter tablespace app_data rename datafile c:oracleoradataapp_data.dbf sql to c:oracleapp_data.dbf; 11.moving data files:alter database sql alter database rename file c:oracleoradataapp_data.dbf sql to c:oracleapp_data.dbf; 第三章：表 1.create a table sql create table
11、 table_name (column datatype,column datatype.) sql tablespace tablespace_name pctfree integer pctused integer sql initrans integer maxtrans integer sql storage(initial 200k next 200k pctincrease 0 maxextents 50) sql logging|nologging cache|nocache 2.copy an existing table sql create table table_name
12、 logging|nologging as subquery 3.create temporary table sql create global temporary table xay_temp as select * from xay; on commit preserve rows/on commit delete rows 4.pctfree = (average row size - initial row size) *100 /average row size pctused = 100-pctfree- (average row size*100/available data
13、space) 5.change storage and block utilization parameter sql alter table table_name pctfree=30 pctused=50 storage(next 500k sql minextents 2 maxextents 100); 6.manually allocating extents sql alter table table_name allocate extent(size 500k datafile c:/oracle/data.dbf); 7.move tablespace sql alter ta
14、ble employee move tablespace users; 8.deallocate of unused space sql alter table table_name deallocate unused keep integer 9.truncate a table sql truncate table table_name; 10.drop a table sql drop table table_name cascade constraints; 11.drop a column sql alter table table_name drop column comments
15、 cascade constraints checkpoint 1000; alter table table_name drop columns continue; 12.mark a column as unused sql alter table table_name set unused column comments cascade constraints; alter table table_name drop unused columns checkpoint 1000; alter table orders drop columns continue checkpoint 1000 data_dictionary : dba_unused_col_tabs
