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1、Project Management 7. Managing Teams,MBTI,What are you?,extrovert,introvert,sensation,intuition,thinking,feeling,judgement,perception,e,s,t,j,i,n,f,p,extrovert,introvert,sensation,intuition,thinking,feeling,judgement,perception,e,s,t,j,i,n,f,p,e,n,t,j,me,NTs are attracted to technology fields There
2、is a belief that IT people differ from population in a tendency to not be extroverted or sensing.,extrovert,introvert,sensation,intuition,thinking,feeling,judgement,perception,e,s,t,j,i,n,f,p,n,i,The Max Wideman MTBI article “Do we have enough of the right kind of people?”,R. Max Wideman, (1998) Pro
3、ject Teamwork, Personality Profiles and the Population at Large: Do we have enough of the right kind of people? FPMI, AEW Services, Vancouver, BC, Canada. http:/ is your suitability to Project Work?,* Wideman, R. Max. “Project Teamwork, Personality Profiles and the Population at Large: Do we have en
4、ough of the right kind of people?” (http:/ ).,Another model,Social Styles Profile People are perceived as behaving primarily in one of four zones, based on their assertiveness and responsiveness,Assertiveness,Responsiveness,Analytical,Driver,Amiable,Expressive,Responsiveness,Assertiveness,Another mo
5、del,Ask,Tell,People,Task,Reward and Recognition Systems Team-based reward and recognition systems can promote teamwork Focus on rewarding teams for achieving specific goals Allow time for team members to mentor and help each other to meet project goals and develop human resources,http:/ and Recognit
6、ion Systems contd Recognize individual performance? letters of commendation public recognition for outstanding work desirable job assignments increased personal flexibility,Team Development contd,Keys to Managing People,Psychologists and management theorists have devoted much research and thought to
7、 the field of managing people at work. Important areas related to project management include (1)Motivation, (2)Influence and power, and (3) Effectiveness,Intrinsic motivation causes people to participate in an activity for their own enjoyment eg. read, gardening,Extrinsic motivation causes people to
8、 do something for a reward or to avoid a penalty eg. homework,Motivation,Motivation Theorists Maslows hierarch of needs Herzbergs motivation-hygiene McClellands acquired-needs McGregors X and Y,Maslows Hierarchy of Needs (1960s) Abraham Maslow developed a hierarchy of needs to illustrate his theory
9、that peoples behaviors are guided by a sequence of needs Maslow argued that humans possess unique qualities that enable them to make independent choices, thus giving them control of their destiny,Maslows Hierarchy of Needs http:/ Motivation-Hygiene Theory In the late 1960s Frederick Herzberg wrote a
10、bout worker motivation. He distinguished between motivation factors and hygiene factors.,motivation factors Help motivate workers directly eg. achievement, recognition, work, responsibility,hygiene factors cause dissatisfaction if absent but do not motivate, eg. Money, working conditions,http:/ et a
11、l, 1998, p221),McClellands Acquired-Needs Theory (1961) David McClelland proposed an individuals specific needs are acquired or learned over time and shaped by life experiences. Categories: achievement affiliation power,McGregors Theory X and Theory Y In the 1960s Douglas McGregor popularized the hu
12、man relations approach Theory X: workers dislike and avoid work Theory Y: work is as natural as play or rest Theory Z: emphasizing trust, quality, collective decision making, and cultural values,http:/ and Wilemons influence bases (1970s) HJ Thamhain and DL Wilemon identified nine influence bases av
13、ailable to project managers authority assignment budget promotion money penalty work challenge expertise friendship,Steven Coveys 7 habits Ca be applied to improve effectiveness on projects Be proactive Begin with the end in mind Put first things first Think win/win Seek first to understand, then to
14、 be understood Synergize Sharpen the saw,Coveys Habit 5: Seek first to understand, then to be understood,Managing Project Teams,Project managers must lead their teams in performing various project activities,After assessing team performance and related information, the project manager must decide: i
15、f changes should be requested to the project if corrective or preventive actions should be recommended if updates are needed to the project management plan or organizational process assets,Tools and techniques available to assist in managing project teams include: observation and conversation project performance appraisals conflict management issue logs,Develop your team,Be patient an
