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1、Unit 7 P56I、Translate the following words into Chinese1、Reinforced concrete钢筋混凝土2、Rolled-steel轧制钢3、Weldability可焊性4、Aggregate骨料5、Mortar砂浆6、Deformation变形II、Translate the following words into English1、 冲击荷载shock loading2、 软钢，低碳钢mild steel/low carbon steel3、 冷拉hard drawn4、 黏土砖clay brick5、 收缩shrinkageIII
2、、Translate the following sentence into Chinese1、 The modern civil engineer needs to deal with a variety of materials that are often integrated in the same structure , such as steel and concrete , or are used separately for construction projects , such as pavement form asphalt and Portland cement con
3、crete.现代土木工程是需要处理同种结构中被综合的大量的材料，例如钢筋和混凝土，分别被使用在建筑项目中，例如沥青路面和硅酸盐水泥混凝土。2、 The useful engineering properties of both unalloyed and allyed aluminum are low specific gravity , resistance to corrosion , high electrical conductivity and excellent forming properties. 铝和铝合金的有用的工程特性都是低比重，避免腐蚀，导电性能高和成型性能好。3、 C
4、oncrete is a man-made composite the major constituent of which is natural aggregate (such as gravel and sand) and binding medium (such as cement paste , bitumen and polymers).4、 混凝土是一种主要成分为天然骨料的人工复合材料（例如碎石和砂）和粘结介质（例如水泥、沥青和聚合物）5、 Reinforcing techniques have been developed in recent years to extend th
5、e structure possibilities of masonry, especially improved its resistance to earthquakes.加固技术是近年来发展起来的扩展砌体结构的可能性，尤其是提高其抗震性。IV、Translate the following sentences into English.1、Uint 18 P153I、Translate the following words into Chinese1、medium-span bridge中跨径桥2、arch rib拱肋3、cable-stayed bridge斜拉桥4、peer rev
6、iew同行审查5、masonry arch砖砌拱II、Translate the following words into English1、 拱肋arch rib2、 悬索桥suspension bridge3、 系杆拱桥tied-arch bridge4、 大跨度桥long span bridge5、 下承式拱桥through arched bridge6、 （斜拉桥的）背锁backstyle7、 桥面板bridge deckIII、Translate the following sentences into Chinese1、 Arched and truss-arched bridge
7、s are included in this classification. Examples are the masonry arch , the concrete arch , the steel truss-arch , the steel deck truss , the rigid frame , and the inclined leg frame bridges.拱形桁架桥都包括在这个分类，例如砖砌拱，混凝土拱，钢桁架拱，钢板拱桥，刚架，和斜拉桥。2、 Suspension bridges are constructed with two main cables from whi
8、ch the deck , usually a stiffened truss , is hung by secondary cables.悬索桥主要由两条主索组成。一般由加强桁架制成的桥面板通过副索挂在主索上。3、 It is the best alternative for spans over 2000 ft(600m),and it is generally regarded as competitive for spans down to 1000ft(300m) . However , even shorter spans have been built , including s
9、ome very attractive pedestrian bridges.对于跨来说超过2000英尺（600米）的桥来说，（悬索桥）是最好的选择，不过当跨度小到1000英尺的时候就要多方考虑是否选用悬索桥这种形式。然而，有更小的跨度的悬索桥已经被建造，包括一些非常好看的天桥。Unit 21 P186 I、Translate the following words into Chinese1、underlying soil地下土层2、heterogeneous nature异质性3、the site-specific geotechnical information详细的地层信息4、fiel
10、d exploration program现场勘查5、soil improvement methods地基加固方法II、Translate the following words into English1、 地质历史geological history2、 沉井open caisson3、 扩展基础spread footing4、 地基加固soil improvement5、 筏型基础raft fundationIII、Translate the following sentences into Chinese1、 The term superstructure is commonly us
11、ed to describe the engineered part of the system bringing load to the foundation, or substructure.上层建筑一般被 描述为传递荷载给基础或底部结构的工程部分。2、 For these reasons it is better to describe a foundation as that part of the engineering system that interfaces the load-carrying components to the ground.出于这些原因，这是更好地描述了基
12、础作为工程设计的一部分，使承力构件与大地相连接。Because of the heterogeneous nature of soil and rock masses . two foundationseven on adjacent construction siteswill seldom be the same except by coincidence.由于土壤和岩石堆的异质性，两个基础，甚至在临近的建筑地点，很少会有一样的，除了巧合。3、 Geotechnical considerations will primarily be on strength and deformation
13、 and those soil water phenomena that affect strength and deformation.岩土工程将主要是在强度、变形和土壤水分的影响强度和变形的现象。4、 The terms drilling pier and drilled caisson are for the pile type member that is constructed by drilling 0.76+ m diameter hole in the soil , adding reinforced as necessary , and backfilling the cav
14、ity with concrete钻孔灌注桩的术语和钻孔沉箱的桩形是由钻井0.76米直径的孔在土壤中加入必要的钢筋，用混凝土回填Unit 24 P213I、Translate the following words into Chinese 1、construction operations施工作业 2、on schedule在日程上 3、construction plans and specifications建设计划和详述 4、partial or complete fabrication by a supplier供应商部分组装或完全装装 5、temporary construction
15、 facilities临时的建设设施 6、proper balance of water and cement合适的水灰比 II、Translate the following words into English1、 商品混凝土搅拌厂commercial batch plants2、 材料的采购materials procurement3、 建筑物周边building surroundings III、Translate the following sentence into Chinese.1、 It is more economical to assemble of the structure at a fabrication shop rather than in the field , but the size of preassembled units is limited by the capacity of transportation and erection equipment.在制造厂装配结构比在现场装配结构段更经济，但装配构建的单元尺寸受运输能力和安装设备的影响。2、 Concrete is placed by chuting directly from th
