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1、基于粤北岩溶地区的预制桩复合地基宏观本构的建立与研究摘要粤北地区岩溶较强烈，尤其是粤北韶关、清远地区，随着粤北地区经济的快速发展，各县市城市的发展进入一个新的阶段，大量的高层建筑拔地而起，对基础和地基的承载力要求更加迫切。岩溶区存在的工程隐患较多，尤其是在隐伏岩溶区，常见的工程事故有：岩溶地面塌陷、建筑桩端基岩下沉、水库坝基岩溶渗漏等。因此，适用于粤北岩溶地区工程建设的基础和地基处理方式的研究日益迫切。刚性桩复合地基是指在天然地基不能满足上部结构承载力和沉降要求的情况下，在原有地基内挤入、置换或以其它方式加入桩体，通过桩土变形协调，最终由桩体和桩间土共同承担上部荷载的复合加强型地基。华南理工大
2、学高层建筑研究所通过在粤北岩溶场地一系列的工程实践证明，对于该地区的高层建筑结构，采用刚性桩复合地基-筏板基础形式能够施工方便、造价经济、安全可靠。刚性桩复合地基的发展是近十年的事情，尤其是预制桩作为刚性桩的复合地基现阶段研究甚少。本文采用上部结构-筏板-复合地基整体共同作用分析法，对清远地区某临江超高层住宅建筑进行预制桩复合地基设计分析，且后续进行预制桩复合地基现场压板试验，测出桩土压力变化规律以及桩土荷载分担变化规律，在此基础上进行假定设计复合地基本构的修正，最后提出适用于该地区相似场地条件的预制桩复合地基宏观模型本构。首先，介绍了粤北地区岩溶地质的分布状况和特征，并说明该地区的岩溶工程隐
3、患；介绍复合地基的概念、分类及作用机理，并阐述了刚性桩复合地基的研究现状。其次，对上部结构-筏板-复合地基的整体共同分析方法进行了总结，并说明其相对于常规规范设计方法的不同和优点。而后，对清远地区某临江超高层住宅进行了复合地基设计，并采用基于有限元的整体共同分析法进行了筏板基础的分析和设计，并进行现场单桩复合地基压板试验，测出桩土之间的力学性能变化规律。最后，基于试验对假定设计复合地基本构进行修正，提出二折线弹簧宏观本构，并进行对比分析，说明新的本构模型能够更准确地进行该地区相似场地条件的复合地基模拟。关键词：粤北岩溶地区；刚性桩复合地基；共同作用；复合地基设计；压板试验；弹簧宏观本构。III
4、AbstractLinear elastic analysis no longer meets the actual requirement of the fast development of seismic theory，architectural form，calculation means and so on. It is urgent to set up the inelastic analysis method in global structural analysis. Because of the complex and lack of tools，inelastic anal
5、ysis is usually carried out on structural members only，but not for the global structure. Finite element method based on macro element，which has fewer degrees and effective computation，can be applied to global structural nonlinear analysis which has great prospect in engineering application. The resu
6、lts should be compared with tests to prove their accuracy.This paper presents the nonlinear analysis with shear wall element model by Perform-3D，which is a 3-dimensional nonlinear analysis software. The model is according to the full scale reinforced concrete shear wall structure shaking table test.
7、 Dynamic nonlinear analyses have been completed. Analysis results are compared with that of shaking table test to study the accuracy of nonlinear analysis of macro models.Firstly，the research situation of shear wall modals and characteristics of Perform-3D procedure are introduced. The process of th
8、e full scale reinforced concrete shear wall structure shaking table test is introduced，which was carried out in the University of California at San Diego. In order to build up the global model of the 7-story shear wall structure，material parameters are calibrated by simulating material tests，and ele
9、ment constitutions used in shear wall model are defined. Before the nonlinear time-history analysis is carried out，linear time-history analysis is conducted in both ETABS and Perform-3D to verify that Perform-3D models are reasonable. Secondly，dynamic nonlinear analysis model under 4 different inten
10、sity earthquakes are conducted respectively. Some issues about the number of fibers in element sections and the finite element mesh are discussed.Lastly，the practical application of Perform-3D procedure in an actual project is introduced. Based on the elastic analysis under frequent and moderate ear
11、thquake action，inelastic time history analysis under rare earthquake is carried out using Perform-3D. The analytical results are reasonable by comparing the analysis of elastic and elasto-plasticity.，and indicate the adequate lateral performance of the towers. It can also be concluded that the dampe
12、r can effectively improve the seismic performance of structures and reduce the nonlinear damage of the components.Compared with the experimental results，the analytical results confirm that the nonlinear analysis method based on shear wall element，which saves the computational costs due to fewer DOFs
13、，can reflect inelastic behavior of structure. It is found that the shear wall element in Perform-3D procedure can be applied to global inelastic analysis for multiedstroy and high-rise reinforced concrete shear wall structures under earthquake actions in 7 and 8 degrees.Keywords：macro models; shear
14、wall structure; shaking table test，nonlinear analysis; Perform-3D目录第1章 绪论11.1 研究背景11.1.1 广东省岩溶地区地质概况11.1.2 粤北地区岩溶分布特点21.1.3 岩溶的工程隐患41.2 刚性桩复合地基的概念51.2.1 复合地基概述51.2.2 刚性桩复合地基概述71.2.3 刚性桩复合地基作用机理81.2.4 桩体复合地基的破坏模式（可调整到第四章）91.2.5 桩体复合地基的重要参数（可调整到第四章）111.3 刚性桩复合地基的研究现状121.3.1 刚性桩复合地基的试验研究131.3.2 刚性桩复合地基
15、设计方法的解析理论研究151.3.3 刚性桩复合地基数值模拟研究161.4 本文研究目的和内容171.5 论文结构18第2章 共同作用的分析模型及分析方法192.1 共同作用分析模型192.1.1 地基的分析模型192.1.2 筏板的分析模型222.1.3 上部结构的处理方法-子结构法222.2 高层建筑上部结构-筏板-复合地基共同分析的分析方法232.2.1 上部结构分析方法232.2.2 筏板分析232.2.3 桩土体系的分析方法232.3 共同作用的数值模拟232.3.1 基于winkler宏观弹簧地基模型的整体面弹簧法242.3.2 基于Drucker-Prager地基土模型的微观实体
16、模型法242.4 本章小结24第3章 清远地区某临江住宅小区筏板-复合地基设计253.1 工程概况253.2 工程地质条件253.3 PHC管桩复合地基设计（与原方案的经济型与周期性比较）253.4 整体面弹簧法有限元分析（筏板内力计算、沉降计算-规范方法与有限元计算结果，原因）26第4章 PHC管桩复合地基承载性状的试验研究274.1 试验概况274.1.1 试验内容284.1.2 现场地质条件294.2 试验方法314.2.1 单桩承载力的试验方法314.2.2 单桩复合地基载荷试验方法314.2.3 桩-土应力测量方法与结果分析324.3 试验现象及结果分析344.3.1 1#楼各个试验点试验现象及初步分析344.3.2
