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1、Sociocultural Factors,Chapter 7,By Tiffany ,Contents,What is culture? Culture stereotypes Attitudes Acculturation Culture in classroom,The learning of the another culture The overcoming of the personal and transactional barriers presented by two cultures The relationship of culture learning to SLA,W
2、hat is culture?,“glue”,“Blueprint” (Larson and smalley),“continent”,Guiding and governing the behavior of people in a community,Binding a group of people together,Every man is a piece of continent，a part of the main.,1.,What is culture?,(1), Culture can be described as the ideas, customs, skills, an
3、d tools that characterize a group of people in a given period of time. (Brown) (2), It is a system of integrated patterns, most of which remain below the threshold of consciousness, yet all of which govern human behavior just as surly as the manipulated strings of puppet control its motions. (Condon
4、,1973),2.,Definitions,What is culture？,3.,Differences and universals,What is culture？,Seven “universals” of cultural patters,What is culture?,4.,Relationship between culture and language,language,culture,A part of,The two are intricately interwoven.,The acquisition of a second language is also the a
5、cquisition of its culture.,e.g,Learning English,Listening, speaking, reading, writing.,Thinking, viewing,Conclusion for the first part,(1), Culture can be described as _that characterize a group of people in a given period of time.,(2).Despite the differences between different cultures, there are so
6、me_ in all cultures.,core characteristics or universals,the ideas, customs, skills, and tools,(3).Language and culture are intricately_.,interwoven,Cultural stereotypes,1.,Japanese,Americans,Italians,Germans,The British,1. All rich, informal, materialistic,2. Reserved, polite, thrifty, and drink tea
7、,3. Romantic, passionate, demonstrative,4. Stubborn, industrious, methodical, drink beer,5. Hard working, politeness,Stereotypes,oversimplified,Mark Twain,the French always tangle up everything to that degree that when you start into a sentence you never know whether you are going to come out alive
8、or not. (The Innocent Aboard),A gifted person ought to learn English (barring spelling and pronouncing) in 30 hours, French in 30 days, and German in 30yeras.(In A Trump Abroad),Stereotypes,Cultural stereotypes,1.,exaggerated,Cultural stereotypes,2.,What are cultural stereotypes?,In the bias of our
9、own culture-bound world view, we picture other cultures in an oversimplified manner, lumping cultural differences into exaggerated categories, and then we view every person in a culture as possessing corresponding stereotypical traits.,3.,How do stereotypes form?,perceptions and word view,Native cul
10、ture,Other cultures,Strange, different and unfamiliar,Oversimplifying and exaggerating,Books, films, other peoples saying,Different perceptions and word view,Cultural stereotypes,Stereotypes,Cultural stereotypes,4.,The positive and negative effects of stereotypes,The cautious accumulation of stereot
11、yped images can help to understand another culture in general and the differences between that culture and other cultures .,Different World view of time and space,French - static, centralized, and universalistic,American-dynamic, diffuse, and nominalistic,The Hispanic- passive, relational, and intui
12、tive,cognitive,psychomotor,Positives,affective,To judge a single member of a culture by stereotypes is both prejudgment and misjudgment.,To form false stereotypes.,5.,Both learners and teachers of SLA need to understand cultural differences, learn to perceive those differences, appreciate them, and
13、respect, value, and prize the personhood of every human being.,Negatives,Cultural stereotypes,4.,How do we deal with stereotypes?,Attitudes,1.,example,The Chinese language is monosyllabic and uninflectionalWith a language so incapable of variation, a literature cannot been produced which possesses t
14、he quality we look for and admire in literary works. Elegance, variety, beauty of imagery-these must be lacking. A monotonous and wearisome language must give rise to a forced and formal literature lacking in originality and interesting in its subject matter only. Moreover, a conservative people,pro
15、foundly reverencing all that is old and formal, and hating innovation, must leave the impression of its own character upon its literature.(Volume VI),The description of “Chinese literature” in New standard Encyclopedia published in 1940e,Inaccurate,Negative attitude of learning language,Attitudes,In
16、 a broad sense, attitudes develop early in childhood and are the results of parents and peers attitudes. And the attitudes form a part of ones perception of self, of others, and of the culture in which one is living. and motivation is a construct made up of certain attitudes. Group-specific is the attitude learners have toward the members of the culture group whose language
