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1、翻译理论及其实践,一日一练,二十岁的时候，有书店必逛，有书必买。三十岁之后，对书店视而不见，直接去了隔壁的美容院(parlor)。 a/ At the age of twenty , I frequented the bookstores and bought whatever I found. After thirty , I ignored them and went ahead into the nearby beauty parlor. b/ At the age of twenty, the bookstore was a must for me, and I was a big b
2、ook buyer. While after thirty, paying no attention to the bookstore, I breeze into the beauty parlor next door.,我对我的新伙伴很好奇，我决定看看他 1.Because I am curious about my new partner, I am determined to drop by him. 2. I am curious about my new partner, therefore, I am determined to drop by him. 3. With my c
3、uriosity about my partner, I am determined to drop by him.,翻译之惑,1 literal translation(直译) or free translation（意译）? (1)Shakespeare put his hometown on the map. 直译：莎士比亚把他的家乡放在了地图上。 意译：莎士比亚使他的家乡声名远扬。 (2) Where does Susan come into the picture? 直译：苏珊是从哪里来到照片里的？ 意译：在这件事中，苏珊扮演了一个什么样的角色？,3.People ridicule
4、poverty but not prostitutes. 人们笑贫不笑娼 4.I read this letter with both surprise and excitement, surprise because he is still around, excitement because he didnt ever forget me. 我读到他的信又惊又喜，惊的是他还健在，喜的是他一直没有忘记我。 5.Last night I hardly slept, for I heard my roommate driving his pigs to market. 昨夜我听见他鼾声如雷,6.
5、Youth is not a time of life; it is a state of mind; it is not a matter of rosy cheeks, red lips and supple knees; it is a matter of the will, a quality of the imagination; a vigour of the emotions. 青春并非人生的一段时间，而是一种心态。它不仅仅表现于满面红光，嘴唇红润，腿脚灵便，更意味着坚强的意志，卓越的想象力和充沛的情感,summary,Whether your translation is fe
6、asible and acceptable in Chinese or not. 对于翻译过来的译文一定要看是否符合中文语言习惯!,Case 2词语之惑,1.If you lose a key species, you may cause a flood of/a lot of other extinctions. 2.There is many a sweet confidence between these two beloved ones. Others can hardly overhear it. 3. 美中不足 It is far from being perfect. It le
7、aves much /something to be desired. Much is still left to be desired.,1. 我们找个安静点的地方好好聊聊。 Lets find a quiet place where we can have a good talk. Lets find somewhere quiet so we can have a good talk. 2. 箱子里已经没有地方了。 There is no more space in the chest. There is no room left in the chest 请别客气. Please do
8、nt stand on ceremony. Please dont be so polite. Please make yourself at home. Please dont bother. Please, we dont want to put you to trouble,A new kind aircraftsmall, cheap, pilotlessis attracting increasing. For sometimes taking a nap is the perfect way to recharge your batteries. The word does not
9、 have meanings, but it is meaningful in a context.,Case 3 语法能力之惑,The competitive demands of governments, industries, and corporations, both national and multinational, for technological progress require an understanding of the language of that technologyEnglish. 各国政府、各种产业和国内及跨国公司为了技术进步的竞争需要 , 必须精通这些
10、技术的载体语言一一英语。,The president said at a press conference dominated by questions on yesterdays election results that he could not explain why the Republicans had suffered such a widespread defeat, which in the end would deprive the Republican Party of long-held superiority in the House. 昨日的记者招待会上，多数问题与这
11、次选举的结果有关。在会上总统解释不了为何共和党遭受了大范围的失败。这次失败将是共和党在议会中失去了长时间保持的优势。,Prose(散文) of its very nature is longer than verse（韵文）, and the virtues（品质） peculiar to it manifest themselves gradually. 散文，就其本质而言，比韵文篇幅长，而且 ，其特有的品质是逐渐展现出来的。 As a result, the tobacco industry spends billions of dollars worldwide each year sp
12、reading its marketing net as widely as possible to attract young customers 结果，烟草公司每年花费数十亿美元在全球传播其营销网络，尽可能广泛地吸引年轻消费者。,summary,中文和英文的句式结构差别很大： 中文是零散的句式结构，依靠句子间的逻辑关系来维持其成立-意合 英文靠关系词语来维持的成立。-形合- 中文翻译英语时，尽量考虑把简短的几个中文句子组合在一起翻译成复杂的英语句子 英语翻译中文时，复杂的英语句子要拆分为多个简短的中文句子。,在国外翻译界，有这样一种说法广为流传：Those who can, Transla
13、te; those who cannot, teach translation; those who cannot teach translation, teach translation theory. The association between the theory and the practice.,我国翻译理论简介,严复的 “ 信 ” （faithfulness） “ 达 ” （ expressiveness） “ 雅 ” （elegance） 信-對原文的忠實 達-譯文明白順暢 雅-譯文文字優雅 Government of the people, by the people, a
14、nd for the people shall not perish from the earth,這個民有,民治,民享的國家,將不會從地球上消失(信,達) 使民有,民治,民享的政府,能長存於世。(達,雅) 由以上兩句之中譯可見既信、又達、且雅之不易 逢凶化吉，遇难呈祥 1.To have a way of turning ill luck into good and crisis into success. 2.In time of crisis, luck is always on his side. 他(她)挺有修养的 He is a gentleman. She is a lady.
15、爱情是可遇而不可求的。 Love is a lottery.,信： faithfulness . 要求提供的信息准确，不得有歪曲.要求形式，内容和风格等忠实于原文 - 一般可通过直译法( Literal Translation)实现: crocodile s tears 鳄鱼的眼泪 armed to the teeth 武装到牙齿 as timid as a chicken 胆小如鸡 ( 意译：胆小如鼠 ) one country, two system 一国两制 One world, one dream. 如果直译法翻译结果不符合汉语的表达习惯，或晦涩难懂，就得考虑 -意译法(Free Tr
16、anslation) ： Adam s apple 吼结 at sixes and sevens 乱七八糟,It rains cats and dogs. 大雨滂沱 greened-eyed 嫉妒的，眼红别人的 Do you see any green in my eye? 你以为我幼稚可欺负的吗？ 记住：意译法主要用于惯用法，包括固定短语，成语，谚语等等， 主要是汉英表达和文化差异的结果。,达： expressiveness. 通达，表达清楚，文笔流畅，符合目标语习惯。 Reading furnishes the mind only with materials of knowledge; it is thinking that makes what we read ours. 读书只能为智慧供给心灵以知识的材料，思想才能把我们所读 的东西变成自己的东西。 达 ：读书只能为头脑提供知识性资料，思考才能把所读东西变为己有。,I love tiger cat, British movies on public tel
