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1、短文改错- 第三讲 实战训练 - 载自 双博士网站- 第三讲 实战训练 -热点试题PASSAGE 1When some nineteenthcentury New Yorkers said “Harlem”,they meant almost all of Manhattan above Eighty-sixth Street.Toward the end of the century, however, a groupof citizens in upper Manhattan-want perhaps, to shape a closer 1._and more precise sense
2、 of communitydesignated a section thatthey wished to have known as Harlem. The chosen area was theHarlem which Blacks were moving in the first decades of the 2._new century as they left their old settlements on the middle and lower blocks of the West Side.As the community became predominantly Black,
3、 the veryword“Harlem” seemed to lose its old meaning. At time it was 3._easy to forget that “Harlem”was originally the Dutch name“Harlem”; the community it described had been founded by 4._people from Holland；and that for most of its three centuriesitwas first settled in the sixteen hundredsit had b
4、een preoccupied 5._by White New Yorkers. “Harlem”became synonymous to 6._Black life and Black style in Manhattan. Blacks living thereused the word as though they had coined it on themselvesnot 7._only to designate their area of residence but to express theirsense of the various qualities of its life
5、 and atmosphere. As theyears passed, “Harlem”asserted an even larger meaning. In 8._the words of Adam Clayton Powell, Sr., the pastor of theAbyssinian Baptist Church, Harlem “became the symbol of libertyand the Promised Land to Negroes everywhere”.By 1919 Harlems population had grown by several thou
6、sand.It had received its share of wartime migration from the South,the Caribbean, and parts of colonial Africa. Some of thenew arrivals merely lived for Harlem; it was New York they had 9._come to, looking for jobs and for all the other legendary opportunitiesof life in the city. To others who migra
7、ted to Harlem, NewYork was merely the city in which they found themselves: Harlem was exactly what they wished to be. 10._注释1. want wanting该句的谓语动词在破折号之后，即“designate”，因此有必要将前一动词变成分词形式。2. Harlem which to黑人们搬进了Harlem，因此这里Harlem是先行词，关系代词应当表示地点，即可以是where，也可以是“介词+which”的形式。3. time times“at a time”是“一次”的意思
8、，而“at times”是“时而，偶尔”的意思。4.Harlem; the community that“forget”后面引导的是三个宾语从句，在这种情况下，“that”通常不能省略。5.preoccupied occupied“be preoccupied with sth.”指“忙于某事”。“occupy”是“占领”之意。6to with“by synonymous with”是“与等同”“与意义相同”的意思,与synonymous搭配的是介词with。7.on “by themselves”或“on their own”都表示“他们自己”的意思，“coin”是“创造”之意。8.asse
9、rted assumed “assert”是“肯定，断定”，“assume”指开始具有某种(品质或形象等)，强调的是一个从无到有的发展过程。9.for in由下文“it was New York they had come to”可知这些人并非是为Harlem而活着，因为他们的目标是整个纽约城，他们只是居住在Harlem罢了。10.what where本段中Harlem还是作为一个地区名存在，相关的思想意义并不多。热点试题PASSAGE 2The white House began to be built in 1792, but it was notcompleted until ten y
10、ears later. Every American president lived in it except for George Washington, although he did have a 1._majority part in designing it. 2._The government held a competition to choose the bestdesign for the presidents house. The winner was a young man of 3._South Carolina, James Hoban. His design was
11、 a three-level house of stone. And President Washington made some changes in the winning design. He made the house long and wider, and 4._changed it into a two-storied house instead of three.The second president, John Adams, was first to live in the 5._White House. When he and his wife moved onto th
12、e new house 6._in November, 1800, work was still going on, although the main live area was completed. The whole work did not finish until the 7._administration of the 3rd president, Thomas Jefferson.Twelve years later, the British army invaded Washington and burned the White House. The fire complete
13、ly destroyed the inside of the building and experts said the White House was so 8._dangerous to live in. Later on workers rebuilt the inside of the White House. More offices were added, most of which underground. 9._None of the work, however, changed the appearing of 10._the building. Many people as
14、ked why the presidents house is called the White House. Historians say it has been so called simply because it was painted white.注释1.for 在句子中说明前后两个相等成份的关系时用except，否则用except for。本句是说每位美国总统，除了乔治华盛顿，都曾在白宫居住过，“Every American president”与“George Washington”为对等成分，故应去掉for。2.majority majormajority意为“大多数”、“半数
15、以上”，一般后接复数名词，而major则为“主要的”。本句意为“华盛顿在设计白宫中起了主要作用”，故应用major。3.of from要表示一个人的家乡在哪里，介词应为from。4.long longer本句意思是说华盛顿把白宫设计得比原来更长，更宽了一些。与原来作比较，long当然应用比较级，而且and连接的两个形容词也应为对等成分，既然wider是比较级，long也应为比较级。5. was first thethe +序数词具有名词意味，在这里the first即表示the first president。6. onto into“搬进新居”应为“move in”或“move into”,move on意为“继续前进”，而“move onto”则是不存在的。7.live livinglive (a)意
