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1、如何写好调查报告和论文,欧阳护华（博士） 广东外语外贸大学英文学院 外国语言学与应用语言学中心,学会写论文的基本要领,天真和怀疑的英语读者 逻辑与证据诉求 演绎、推理结构 作者负责原则 反修辞的简明 具体化,学会写论文的基本要领,段落发展、篇章连贯 定义 证据介绍和分析 批评性文献评估与引证 意义和不足的讨论 总结和结论 编辑和修改,Criteria for and characteristics of good academic writing,Arguable Focused Specific Clear/Explicit Critical Indigenous Valid and rel
2、iable Reader friendly,Bewaring the typical “Chinese students errors”,Ethical appeal and emotional appeal overuse Subjectivity over objectivity Missing of the authors identity or I statement Sweeping/over general statements Vague and implicit referring Juxtaposition of quotation/data Logical jumps or
3、 fallacy Inductive organization Writer-centered expression Lack of critical thinking,How to be specific and focused,Specifying your readers Specifying your purpose Narrowing down a topic by asking specific questions of where, when, what, who, whom, why, how, to what extent, in what sense, from what
4、perspective,Working on feasibility,Try it with a pilot study Careful and sufficient outlining and planning before doing it Selecting the best economical way Try to use the trust and networking Enough is enough in data collection Playing with the best examples,Deductive (General to Specific) order of
5、 information distribution,Topic sentence Paraphrase, defining, or contextualizing Exemplification 1 Exemplification 2 or 3 Graphic data illustration Elaboration of the relevance hidden Extension/summary,Criteria of evaluating your evidences,Relevance Sufficiency Representativeness Reliability Accura
6、cy Authoritiveness Updatedness Contextualizedness,Citing literature,Others work as your evidence Avoiding plagiarism The more the better Using summaries Using paraphrases Using directly and indirectly quotations Using in-text citation note Using reference list,Introducing and explaining your researc
7、h,Background/context Establishing the needs for the research Introducing the research questions Explaining the conceptual framework Introducing the methodology and data collection Being friendly to the nave and critical reader,Data interpretation,Indicating which is fact and which is your opinion Us
8、ing a prioritized ordering of evidences Using graphics or tables for data presentation Modifying the claims generalization Avoiding repetition and monotonousness,How to connect your ideas,Comparison Contrast Cause Effect Sequence/history Priority order Condition,How to edit and proofread it,Enhancin
9、g the first general look Matching your question and answer Coherence markers between ideas Cohesion markers between sentences Self evaluating the evidence Modifying the generalization Deleting and adding Reading aloud,Swales, John M. and Feak, Christine B. 1994: Academic Writing for Graduate Student
10、s: A Course for Nonnative speakers of English, University of Michigan Press. Devlin, B. 2003: International Standards for Students Writing. 清华大学出版社 丁往道等 1999: 大学写作手册，外语教学与研 究出版社 丁言仁等 1997:大学英文写作 (3 & 4)，南京大 学出版社 祈寿华 2000:西方学作理论，教学与实践，上海 外语教育出版社 Jordan, R. 1990: Academic Writing Course. Collins ELT.,
