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1、Capitaland largest cityDjibouti City1136N 4310E / 11.600N 43.167E / 11.600; 43.167Official languagesFrench1ArabicRecognised nationallanguagesSomali1AfarDemonymDjiboutianGovernmentSemi-presidential republic-PresidentIsmail Omar Guelleh-Prime MinisterAbdoulkader Kamil MohamedLegislatureNational Assemb
2、lyIndependence-from FranceJune 27, 19771Area-Total23,200km21 (150th)8,958sqmi-Water(%)0.09 (20 km / 7.7 sq mi)Population-20131estimate792,198-Density37.2/km2 (168th)96.4/sqmiGDP(PPP)2012estimate-Total$2.379 billion2-Per capita$2,6762GDP(nominal)2012estimate-Total$1.354 billion2-Per capita$1,5222Back
3、ground: The French Territory of the Afars and the Issas became Djibouti in 1977. Hassan Gouled APTIDON installed an authoritarian one-party state and proceeded to serve as president until 1999. Unrest among the Afar minority during the 1990s led to a civil war that ended in 2001 with a peace accord
4、between Afar rebels and the Somali Issa-dominated government. In 1999, Djiboutis first multiparty presidential elections resulted in the election of Ismail Omar GUELLEH as president; he was reelected to a second term in 2005 and extended his tenure in office via a constitutional amendment, which all
5、owed him to begin a third term in 2011. Djibouti occupies a strategic geographic location at the intersection of the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden and serves as an important shipping portal for goods entering and leaving the east African highlands and transshipments between Europe, the Middle East, a
6、nd Asia. The government holds longstanding ties to France, which maintains a significant military presence in the country, and has strong ties with the United States. Djibouti hosts several thousand members of US armed services at US-run Camp Lemonnier.GeographyLocation: Eastern Africa, bordering th
7、e Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea, between Eritrea and SomaliaGeographic coordinates: 11 30 N, 43 00 EMap references: Africa Area: total: 23,200 sq kmcountry comparison to the world: 151 land: 23,180 sq km water: 20 sq km People and societyNationality: noun: Djiboutian(s) adjective: Djiboutian Ethnic g
8、roups: Somali 60%, Afar 35%, other 5% (includes French, Arab, Ethiopian, and Italian)Languages: French (official), Arabic (official), Somali, AfarReligions: Muslim 94%, Christian 6%Population: 810,179 (July 2014 est.)country comparison to the world: 163 GovernmentExecutive branch: chief of state: Pr
9、esident Ismail Omar GUELLEH (since 8 May 1999)head of government: Prime Minister Abdoulkader Kamil MOHAMED (since 1 April 2013) cabinet: Council of Ministers (responsible to the president) (For more information visit the World Leaders website) elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-
10、year term; president is eligible to hold office until age 75; election last held on 8 April 2011 (next to be held by 2016); prime minister appointed by the president election results: Ismail Omar GUELLEH reelected president for a third term; percent of vote - Ismail Omar GUELLEH 80.6%, Mohamed Warsama RAGUEH 19.4%
