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1、知识改变命运,学习成就未来英语备考学案:高考短文改错破解秘籍 高考短文改错满分为10分,分数不多但是每一分都很关键。很多同学在做此题时会遇到以下几点困惑:第一、拿过题来不知如何下手;第二、特别是在读不懂文章的时候,或丢掉不做或草草了事,得分率很低。面对以上两个主要困惑,笔者认为从有效掌握解题思路和熟悉出题规律,以及破解题目关键两大处入手,此类题目就会迎刃而解,为你高考的成功之路再添一股强有劲的动力。一、解题思路(三步解题法):第一步、快速浏览全文,把握文章的主要时态、人称及文章的主旨大意,顺便标记自己一眼就能看出的错误。第二步、细读文章的每一句话。一般要结合文章的前后句以及出题规律来做题。第三
2、步、代入已经修改完成的答案通读全文,看其是否通顺。注意:在修改过程当中,一定要相信自己的第一感觉。即一般来说,第一次填写的答案正确率比较高,没有十足地把握不易轻易改正!二、出题规律以及破解关键:高考短文改错出题人一般会在以下八个方面进行出题。掌握出题规律之后做题便会事半功倍!1.动词:(1)主要考察能力:时态、主谓是否一致、固定搭配。(2)出题形式:时态混用ie, Then the trouble started. We can not open the door. So we asked the policeman for help.讲解:很显然此句子主时态是一般过去式,因此应把can改为c
3、ould。主谓不一致ie, There were a football game on TV last Saturday evening.讲解:原句中a football game决定了谓语动词必须用单数,所以应该把were改为was。固定搭配ie, I have given up smoke. The dog doesnt like the smell.讲解:give up doing sth。因此动词smoke应该改为smoking。2.名词:(1)主要考察能力:单复数混用。(2)出题形式:单复数混用ie, Helen is seventeen year old. She is very
4、busy. 讲解:“年龄多大了”应该为复数形式,应此应该把year改为years。注意:代词单复数混用类似。ie, As for a friendship, we can readily find them in our classmates and other people around us.讲解:显然因该把them改为it,指代前面提及的friendship。此句话意思是“就友谊来说,我们可以很容易地从我们的同学和周围的人中找到。”3.形容词/副词(1)主要考察能力:两者之间是否混用。 (2)出题形式:形容词与副词混用。即该用形容词的地方原文用了副词,该用副词的地方原文用了形容词。副词代
5、替正确形容词出现在文章当中ie, During the football season, Helen is much busier than usually.讲解:很明显“与平时相比较更忙”,因此需要把usually改为usual。形容词代替正确副词出现在文章当中ie, As the time clock showed one minute and forty-two seconds left in the game, she began cheering excited, “Come on-get going!”讲解:原文意思是说比赛还剩一分四十二秒时,她开始兴奋地叫道-,显然应把excit
6、ed改为excitedly,用来修饰动词cheer。4.介词(1)主要考察能力:(特别是与动词的)固定搭配。(2)出题形式:介词省略ie, Im surt you will get rid the sorrow and unhappiness caused by the disaster.讲解:get rid of 是固定搭配,意思为“摆脱,除去”介词多余ie,My wife is also happy because of I have given up smoking.讲解:这里显然示对because of与because用法的辨别区分。前者不能接句子,而后者充当连词可以接句子。所以应该把
7、of去掉。介词用错(一般为固定搭配)ie, I pick out her false hair and said, “Dont be sad, Miss.”讲解:pick out应该为pick up。pick out挑选的意思;pick up捡起的意思。5.连词(1)主要考察能力:前后两句话之间的衔接关系。常考三种关系:but转折and并列because原因 ie, One day, my wife and I went shopping at a store. We drove the car but we had a lot of things to buy.讲解:显然原文中所要表达的意思
8、是“我们开车去的原因是因为我们要买好多东西”,所以应该把but改为because/as/for。ie, Chatting on line, students can more freely express their feelings and opinions, but improve their English if they are talking with native speakers.讲解:原文表达的意思是“通过网上聊天,学生能够更加轻松自由地表达自己的想法和观点,并且如果他们同外国人交谈,能够提高他们的英语水平。”所以前后句之间是并列关系,因该把but改为and6.句式 (1)主要
9、考察能力:常考that与what或which/how与what之间的转换。(2)出题形式:ie, She never has enough time for that she wants to do.讲解:原文意思是“她没有足够多的时间来做自己想做的事情”,很明显应该把that改为what。注意:这一形式是改错常考点。ie, We Chinese people have always been concerned about which has happened in your area.讲解:原文中需要一个连接词承接前后连个句子,这个连接词充当be concerned about引导宾语从句
10、中的主语,所以应该把which改为what。7. 冠词(1)主要考察能力:句中冠词是否多余(2)出题形式:冠词多余ie, I sat in the front of the TV at 7 oclock, when the game just began.讲解:区分in front of sth和in the front of sth。解决这个问题记住一句顺口溜就可以了“有the是内无the是外”,即in the front of sth显然是指在事物(sth)内部空间的前面,比如说I prefer to travel in the front of the car.(我愿意坐在汽车的前面);
11、而in front of sth是指事物(sth)外部空间的前面,比如说the car stops in front of the house(汽车停在房前)。因此原文中应该把the去掉。冠词遗漏ie, As we all left home at early age, we met lots of problems in our daily life.讲解:at an - age固定搭配词组,表示“出于-年龄”,比如说at an early/tender age,可以翻译为“很小/年幼的时候”8.代词(1)主要考察能力:代词是否多余,以及与反身代词之间的混用。(2)出题形式:代词多余ie,
12、Dont lose your heart. With the help of the people all over the world, Im sure you will get rid of the sorrow and unhappiness.讲解:lose heart:become discouraged泄气;丧失勇气;而lose ones heart(to sb/st):fall in love爱上;钟情于。原文意思很明显是“别泄气”。所以应该把your去掉。一字之差,离题千里。代词混用ie, We were living in a big family. We treated ea
13、ch other as brothers and sisters. If any one of them had any difficulty, the other would help him or her out.讲解: 原文意思是说“我们生活在一个大家庭之中,彼此间相处如同兄弟姐妹。如果我们之中谁有困难,其他人就会帮助他/她解决困难。”所以应把them改为us;把other改为others。注意:the other表示两者之中“另一个”; the others表示在一个范围内的其他全部。如图所示:代词遗漏ie, A teacher could make classes lively and interesting.讲解: 应该在classes前加his,表示“使他的课堂生动有趣”。欢迎各位老师踊跃投稿,稿酬丰厚 邮箱:第 4 页 共 4 页