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1、Analysis of the contextual meaning of English WordsAbstractAs is known to us, the context is the environment that the word is used, it often determines the exact meaning of words. Nowadays, more and more words appear to express new concepts with the development of the science and technology. But not
2、 every concept has its own word. Therefore, many common words are used to express some new concepts, then a common word has its special meaning due to the place where it is used, namely contextual meaning. In this paper, the author divides context into two parts: figures of speech, culture. The anal
3、ysis on contextual meaning of English words is able to provide a clue for understanding the meaning of English words used in some special context rightly as well as to avoid embarrassment caused by interpreting a word literally. Key Words：English words; context; contextual meaning Contextual Meaning
4、 and Figures of SpeechTi is known to all that language is the means of communication. In communication, figurative language is often employed by writers or speakers to make his idea concrete and vivid. A fresh, proper figure of speech can appeal to the imagination, create mental picture and make the
5、 speech or writing vivid, impressive and interesting. English, as a communication device, are full of figures of speech. Most of figures of speech are based on resemblance in image. They may be direct or implied comparison, likening inanimate objects to people or addressing them as such. Some figure
6、s of speech are based on the association between the things and people, between the part and the whole, or between opposite things, etc. others come into being through usage, proverbial relationship or exaggeration. ToEnglish learner, what matter after all is not exactly how many kinds of figures of
7、 speech there are in English language, but how well one can learn to understand and even make use of them. Words to an essay are bricks to a building, or molecules to a substance, small as they are, unimportant they are not, to some extent, the figures of speech can be treated as the contexts of Eng
8、lish word. Therefore, in order to study the contextual meaning of English words which used figuratively. So the author in this paper analyzes some common figures of speech context in English language.A. MetonymyAs we know the name of an object or concept are often replaced with some other words rela
9、ted to or suggested by the original, so the original of course has its contextual meaning. Here is an example for illustration:The Cross, the Crown, the Scales may allAs we have been the Sword-Robert Frast In this sentence, the Cross does not mean a shape like an upright post with a bar cross it, bu
10、t stand for the Christian religion; the Crown is not a circular decoration usually made of gold with jewels in it, which a king or queen wears on their head, but represent power; the Scales is not a machine for weighing things, but stand for trade. Another example as followings may be much clearer.
11、Whenever you come into a DIY restaurant, you can see an advertisement mark Beware of the Bottle. Does it mean that you should be careful with the glass or plastic container for liquids? In fact, the word bottle presents a definite picture of the wine container, and this sentence may remind you bewar
12、e of drinking wine. It is a common phenomenon that metonymy is used in social communication. It is difficult to list all the examples that metonymy is used in our life, but we can clearly understand the meaning of the word which used in metonymy through this conclusion: In metonymy, since the name o
13、f an object or concept is often replaced with some other words related to or suggested by the original, so the contextualmeaning of the words refers to the meaning which the original related to or suggested.B MetaphorMetaphors are found in all languages. They can make vivid; what is more, they can b
14、ring so much life to language. English is rich in metaphor and one often finds expressions such as following: She has a heart of stone-she is callous, iron-heart. He is a fox-he is sly, cunning, crafty, and tricky.In those examples above, it can be found that stone and fox are used to make striking
15、comparison; one can image how dull the statement would be without the metaphors. But metaphors in English language may not be easily understand by English language learners, they may have come across sentences like Tom have done.Tom saw his friend John was bullied on his way home, but did not help J
16、ohn. “You chicken ”, John said, looking at Tom with contempt.Students may have been puzzled, unless they know that chicken here means a coward, a person without courage.From the example cited above, it is clear that people often associate certain qualities with certain creatures or objects. These qualities often arouse reactions or emotion. Similarly,
