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1、名词性从句要点梳理名词性从句，就是在句中起名词作用的从句，分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。现在我们对名词性从句的要点进行梳理，以帮助同学们理清脉络。要点一：连接词的选择1that与whatthat在句中无实际含义，不充当成分，只有在宾语从句中可以省略。但如果有两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可以省略。如：He said(that)he was hurt by her words and that he would not come back againthat引导的主语从句为避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语，而把主语从句放到后面。what是连接代词，相当于the t
2、hing(s)that，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。例1 You cant imagine how funny it isIm dealing with used to be your problemAwhich Bthat Cwhat Dwhatever【解析】答案为C。宾语从句缺少主语，不可选that。本句句意为“我在处理曾经属于你的问题”。选C。例2 -Jack is promoted again-Well，theres no doubt he will be qualified for his future position Awhich Bwhat Cthat Dwhether【解析
3、】答案为C。本句句意为“毫无疑问他会胜任未来的职位”。考查同位语从句句型“There isno doubt that”，类似句型有“It is no wonder (that)”。例3 is said failure is the mother of success，and I think is said by our wise ancestors is true AIt；that；what BAs；that；that CWhat；that；it DIt；不填；as【解析】答案为A。考查主语从句，it是形式主语，what在后半句中作主语。2whether与ifwhether和if均可引导宾语从
4、句，意为“是否”。但以下几种情况只能用whether不能用if：引导主语从句，位于句首；引导表语从句、同位语从句；位于介词后及whetheror not结构中。例4一Can you tell me how to study English? 一That depends on you want to make some efforts Aif Bthat Cwhy Dwhether【解析】答案为D。on为介词，后不可以用ifo3“wh- + ever”类连接词“wh- + ever”类连接词，如连接副词whenever，wherever和代词whoever，whomever，whatever，w
5、hichever等，意为“无论”，不表示疑问。例5一 you give a woman，she will make it greater 一I cant agree moreIf you give her a house，she11 give you a home AWhat BWhatever CWhich DWhichever【解析】答案为B。考查主语从句。在有范围的情况下用whichever，否则用whatever。要点二：名词性从句与虚拟语气“It is suggestedordereda pitynecessarystrangenaturalthat”构成的主语从句，以及表示命令、建
6、议、要求的动词(如suggest，propose，order，advise，insist，demand，command等)后加宾语从句，谓语常用“(should)+动词原形”的虚拟语气形式。这些动词的名词形式加从句，也用虚拟语气。例6 She insisted that she innocent and blamed Awas；cant be Bis；shouldnt be Cwas：shouldnt be Dbe；shouldnt be【解析】答案为C。insist意为“坚决要求(应该做某事)”时，才用虚拟语气。要点三：名词性从句的语序无论哪种名词性从句都应使用陈述句语序，但当一个特殊疑问句
7、变为宾语从句，且特殊疑问句在句中作主语时，语序不变。例7 Did he suggest you where the report when you finish? Ashould you put Byou put Cwill you put Dyou to put【解析】答案为B。省略了should的陈述句语序。例8 I really have no idea how much Ashe spends each month Bshe spentCdoes she spend each month Ddid she spend each month【解析】答案为A。用陈述句语序，并需要注意时态。
8、要点四：名词性从旬的主谓一致问题单个的从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如果是两个或两个以上的从句作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。在宾语从句中，谓语动词的时态受主句谓语动词的影响。如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句中的谓语动词可以用各种时态；如果主句中的谓语动词是一般过去时，则从句中谓语动词只能用过去时的某种形式，但如果从句表达的是客观事实则不受此影响。例9 A latest report American colleges are spending more on recreational facilities for students caused my attentionAas：have
9、Bwhich；has Cthat；has Dwhy；have【解析】答案为C。本题考查that引导的同位语从句，同时考查单个的从句作主语，谓语动词用单数。例10 I dont think Anna deserves the prize she got， ? Adont I Bdo I Cdoesnt she Ddoes she【解析】答案为D。在think，believe，suppose，expect，imagine等动词后面的宾语从句中，否定词要转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。此外，主句的主语为第一人称时，反义疑问句和从句保持一致，否则和主句保持一致。要点五
10、：名词性从句与其他从句的辨析例11 The news he has gone abroad came around， made us astonished Awhich；that Bthat；that Cthat；which Dwhich；it【解析】答案为c。前半句为同位语从句，后半句为定语从句。同位语从句是解释说明前面的名词的内容的。这类名词通常有news，information，fact，idea，suggestion等，而且连词that在从句中不作成分，没有任何意义，不可以省略。定语从句是修饰先行词(句)的，关系代词which在从句中作主语。例12 It was at the end of the Middle Ages Shakespeare flourished， works began to inspire other writers during his own lifetimeAthat；whose Bwhen；of which Cwhich；his Dthat；when【解析】答案为A。前一分句是强调句，后一分句是定语从句。- 3 -
