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1、1,高考预备技巧班,Jessica,2,听力理解篇,3,高考大纲要求,要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。考生应能： （1）理解主旨和要义； （2）获取具体的、事实性信息； （3）对所听内容作出推断； （4）理解说话者的意图、观点和态度。,4,高考大纲语音项目表,1基本读音 （1）26个字母的读音 （2）元音字母在重读音节中的读音 （3）元音字母在轻读音节中的读音 （4）元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音 （5）常见的元音字母组合在轻读音节中的读音 （6）辅音字母组合的读音 （7）辅音连缀的读音 （8）成节音的读音,5,高考大纲语音项目表,2重音 （1）单词重音 （2）句子重音 3读音的变化
2、 （1）连读 （2）失去爆破 （3）弱读 （4）同化,6,高考大纲语音项目表,4语调与节奏 （1）意群与停顿 （2）语调 （3）节奏 5语音、语调、重音、节奏等在口语交流中的运用 6朗读和演讲中的语音技巧 7主要英语国家的英语语音差异,7,试题分析Test anylasis,五个简单的对话只听一遍，并分别回答后面提出的一个问题。 听几个较长的对话两遍，并回答后面提出的几个问题。 听一段短文并回答几个问题。,8,听力题的特点,口语比较多，不像书面语那么严谨，句子短，重复率高，这就要求考生能够听懂日常生活中的简短对话或者独白。 多余的信息多，即社交用语多，如Im afraid, Excuse me
3、, why not, you see, you know, well, ah, er, I mean 之类的词语频频使用。,9,听力材料涉及知识,知识面很广，包括: 语音知识(语音、语调等) 语言知识(词汇、短语、句型等) 日常交际用语 文化背景知识等等。,10,听力真题试做,2012年全国卷真题 （22分钟）,11,听力技巧一 语音知识(语音、语调等),12,1、音标 2、音节 3、单词重音 4、特殊读音 5、句子重音,一、语音,13,1、音标：20元音+ 28辅音 12个单元音 i: e a: : u: : i u ,14,8个双元音 ei ai u au i i u,15,28个辅音,清
4、辅音/p,t,k,f,s/ 浊辅音/b,d,g,v,z/ w j h 边音 l r 破擦音t d/ts dz tr dr 鼻音m n g,16,2、音节,音节：由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。 开音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e 如nameneim bikebaik home due; 辅音+元音 gogu，he，hi 闭音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音 badbd，bedbed，sit，hot，cup; 元音+辅音 itit,17,第十节： Where can you look if you want to know how tall the tallest person in the world
5、is, or who the oldest person in the world is? There is only one place where youll find all these information, and thats in the Guinness Book of World Records. This morning we have someone from the Guinness Company that produced that famous book, Thomas Manning. “Welcome to the program, Thomas!” “Tha
6、nks, Sue. Its a pleasure to be here.” “Perhaps you could start by telling us where the idea for the book came from.”,18,“Well, it was first suggested in the early 1950s. Sir Hugh Beaver, the managing director of Guinness, was out shooting birds with some friends. A bird flew away so quickly that no
7、one was able to shoot it. Sir Hugh wondered whether this bird was the fastest bird in Europe, and if it wasnt the fastest, he wondered what was.” “So I suppose he went to the nearest library to look for the information and he couldnt find it?” “Yes, thats exactly what happened. And this made Sir Hug
8、h think there must be other people in the same situation who wanted this kind of information.,19,He thought that, like himself, people would be interested in finding facts of all records to satisfy their curiosity.” “So the idea for a book of records was born. And when did the first book come out?”“
9、A few years later, in 1955. So, to ask your first question: the tallest person in the world is 231.7cm tall. And the oldest person is Jeanne. L. Calment, who was born in February, 1875.” “There are also some rather strange records, arent there, Thomas?” “Yes ,thats right. Did you know, Sue, that the
10、 shortest time it is taken ”,20,4、特殊读音,1）音的连读 2）失去爆破 3）音的同化 4）音的浊化,21,1）音的连读,前面的单词以辅音结尾 后面的单词以元音开头 辅音和元音要组成一个新音节 如not at all，half an hour， I love you and all、after all,22,1）音的连读,辅音结尾 ： 音标中的最后一个音是辅音，而不是单词的结尾。 Id li(ke a)nother bow(l o)f rice.,23,1）音的连读：h不发音情况,以辅音结尾的单词 + h开头的单词 h不发音， h后面的元音与前面的辅音组成新音节
11、 what wil(l he) wilido? Ha(s he) done it before? Mus(t he) ti go? Can he do it? Should he.? Tell him to ask her. Lea(ve him) vim. For him,24,第七节： Woman: How did you like the dishes, Sir? Man: Delicious. Everything was excellent here. Thank you! Woman: Do you want some coffee, tea, sir? Man: No. than
12、ks, Im fine. Ah, just have the bill, please. How much is your service charge? Woman: Fifteen percent and its included in your bill. Thank you very much, sir. We look forward to seeing you again. Man: Sure, good night.,25,2）失去爆破（失音的一种）,当一个爆破音跟另一个爆破音相遇时 往往失去爆破 （因为两个辅音的间隔太小） 如：good girl，good student，go
13、od job，expression，school，extreme,26,第七节： Woman: How did you like the dishes, Sir? Man: Delicious. Everything was excellent here. Thank you! Woman: Do you want some coffee, tea, sir? Man: No. thanks, Im fine. Ah, just have the bill, please. How much is your service charge? Woman: Fifteen percent and
14、its included in your bill. Thank you very much, sir. We look forward to seeing you again. Man: Sure, good night.,27,2）不完全爆破,第一个爆破音只形成阻碍，但不发生爆破。 爆破音 + 爆破音 （即 b p d t g k 相邻时）-前一个发不完全的爆破音 ，也就是说，只形成阻碍，稍作停顿， 不送气。 t d + 鼻音 m n t d + 舌边音 l 爆破音 + 破擦音 t d,28,2）不完全爆破的例子,She took good care of the children. As
15、k Bob to sit behind me. big boy / sharp pencil / what time September / suitcase / blackboard handbag / goodbye Sit down / Big cake Dad told me Huge change Good night,29,2）结尾t 不发音的情况,动词否定式的缩写形式，结尾t 不发音。 He mustnt do it. You neednt pay for it. I wouldnt let him go. You dont know him. Mary shouldnt call him at work.,30,3）音的同化,其实也是一种连读，两个词之间非常平滑的过渡，导致一个音受临音影响而变化，发特殊的音。主要有三种： d与j相邻时，被同化为d：Would you t与j相邻时，被同化为t： Cant you s与j相邻时, 被同化为： Miss you,31,3）音的同化,例如：Would you do it? I am glad to meet you、 Cant you see it? last year，this year.,32,4）音的浊化,S 后面的清辅音要浊化 Discussion： k 浊化成 g Stand： t 浊化成d Exp
