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1、Hazardous Substances Data Bank, National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD.http:/toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/Downloaded September, 2004THIOPHANATE METHYLCASRN: 23564-05-8For other data, click on the Table of ContentsHuman Health Effects:Human Toxicity Excerpts: Among men who treated citrus with thiophanate-m
2、ethyl as well as emulsified sulfur and calcium polysulfide in Kumamoto Prefecture, the incidence of dermatitis was 30.3, 48.2, and 52.8% in 1972, 1973, and 1974, respectively. The corresponding values for women were 32.3, 56.3, and 64.8%. The areas affected were the abdomen, back, and waist. Symptom
3、s included itching, redness, swelling, dryness, and sometimes sensitized dermatitis. Symptoms frequently appeared 1 wk after exposure. The ocular mucosa was congested. The incidence of positive patch tests was only about 5%. Medical exam revealed some abnormalities of hemoglobin. Hayes, W.J., Jr., E
4、.R. Laws, Jr., (eds.). Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology. Volume 3. Classes of Pesticides. New York, NY: Academic Press, Inc., 1991. 1458*PEER REVIEWED*Skin, Eye and Respiratory Irritations: Mild skin & eye irritant. Tomlin, C.D.S. (ed.). The Pesticide Manual - World Compendium. 10th ed. Surrey, UK:
5、The British Crop Protection Council, 1994. 988*PEER REVIEWED*Probable Routes of Human Exposure: Occupational exposure to thiophanate-methyl may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where thiophanate-methyl is produced or used(SRC). Worker re-entry exposure to
6、pesticides residues in greenhouses is a probable exposure route based upon a study in which thiophanate-methyl was applied to carnations via high-volume spraying at application rates of 150 and 325 g ai/1000 sq m, showing half-lives of 22 and 41 days, respectively(1). Dermal exposure of greenhouse w
7、orkers to thiophanate-methyl (applied by spraying) on carnations cultured in greenhouses was found to be 64 mg/day (during cutting operations) and 23 mg/day (during sorting and bundling)(2). (1) Brouwer DH et al; Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 58: 976-84 (1997) (2) Van Hemmen JJ et al; Med Fac Landbouw
8、w Univ Gent 57/3b: 1271-1283 (1992)*PEER REVIEWED*Emergency Medical Treatment:Animal Toxicity Studies:Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts: Flow cytometric technique was used to study the effects of the fungicide Thiophanate-methyl on cell proliferation, micronucleus induction, and apoptosis in human periphe
9、ral blood lymphocytes treated in vitro. Most micronuclei induced by Thiophanate-methyl did not reveal any centromeric signal, thus demonstrating clastogenic action of this fungicide. Moreover, it was found that as a function of the concentration of Thiophanate-methyl, cellular proliferation was dela
10、yed and the frequency of apoptotic cells was increased. Fimognari C et al; Environ Mol Mutagen 33 (2): 173-6 (1999)*PEER REVIEWED*No observable effect level (2 yr) for rats & mice 160 mg/kg diet. Tomlin, C.D.S. (ed.). The Pesticide Manual - World Compendium. 10th ed. Surrey, UK: The British Crop Pro
11、tection Council, 1994. 988*PEER REVIEWED*Single exposures of mice for 30, 60, or 120 min to an aerosol of 70% wettable powder under dynamic conditions at a nominal concn of 100,000 mg/cu m caused lacrimation, salivation, & nasal exudation within 5-6 min after exposure began. For a few days after exp
12、osure the mice wheezed, & a crust was present around their eyes. However, they recovered completely & showed no change in growth compared to controls. Hayes, W.J., Jr., E.R. Laws, Jr., (eds.). Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology. Volume 3. Classes of Pesticides. New York, NY: Academic Press, Inc., 1991
13、. 1457*PEER REVIEWED*Large oral doses caused tremor beginning 1-2 hr later; the animals became sensitive to touch & had tonic or clonic convulsions. Rabbits & dogs showed a slight decr in respiratory rate, lethargy, loss of tone of the abdominal muscles, discharge from the eyes, & mydriasis prior to
14、 death. Hayes, W.J., Jr., E.R. Laws, Jr., (eds.). Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology. Volume 3. Classes of Pesticides. New York, NY: Academic Press, Inc., 1991. 1457*PEER REVIEWED*When mice were fed thiophanate-methyl for 6 months, there was a slight retardation of growth in those receiving 8000 ppm,
15、and, when killed, these rats had slight enlargement of the liver with enlargement of some liver cells. The no-effect level was 1600 ppm (about 250 mg/kg/day). Similar results were obtained in rats; the no-effect level of 1600 ppm in this species corresponds to about 78 mg/kg/day. Hayes, W.J., Jr., E
16、.R. Laws, Jr., (eds.). Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology. Volume 3. Classes of Pesticides. New York, NY: Academic Press, Inc., 1991. 1457*PEER REVIEWED*A 2 yr study in rats showed that a dietary level of 640 ppm caused a slight reduction in growth in both male & female rats & a slight incr in the relative weight of the kidneys in males. There was no indica
