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1、小学英语基本语法 第三讲 形容词、副词 知识要点 1)英语中大多数形容词、副词是可以分等级的，一般有三个等级：原级，比较级和最高级。形容词、副词的本来形式就是形容词的原级。如：John is a tall boy.两者间进行比较用到形容词比较级。如：Jim is taller than John.三者或者三者以上进行比较用形容词的最高级。Mike is the tallest of the three boys.(形容词最高级前面要加定冠词the) 2).形容词、副词比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化 规则变化 单音节或双音节的形容词（或副词）比较级er最高级est smallsmaller
2、smallest等 以e结尾的词，比较级r，最高级st即可nicenicernicest 以辅音字母y结尾的，变y为ier或est easyeasiereasiest 双写最后一个辅音字母er或est hothotterhottest 一些双音节及多音节形容词或副词前要加more和most，如： difficult-more difficult-most difficult 不规则变化： good/wellbetterbest,badworseworst many/muchmoremost littlelessleast farfurther furthest（表示程度） farfarther
3、farthest（表示远近） oldolderoldest（表新旧） oldeldereldest（表兄弟姊妹之间的长幼） 3).比较级前的修饰词：a little, a lot, much, even; far; still 4)形容词、副词比较级的特殊用法 形容词/副词比较级+than+ any other+单数名词(+介词短语)”表示“比同一范围的任何一个人/物都”，含义是“最”。 例如，Mike gets to school earlier than any other student in his class. = Mike gets to school earlier than a
4、ny of the other students in his class. = Mike gets to school earlier than the other students in his class. = Mike gets to school earliest in his class.注意：Mike gets to school earlier than any student in Toms class. “the+形容词比较级+of the two+”表示“.是两者中较的”。 如，Look at the two boys. My brother is the taller
5、of the two. “比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越”。He is getting taller and taller. “the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越,越,”。The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes youll make 5).最高级常用句型结构 “主语+be+ the+形容词最高级+单数名词+in/of短语”表示“是中最的”。 如，Tom is the tallest in his class./of all the students. “主语+be+ one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of短语”表示“
6、是中最之一”。 如，Beijing is one of the largest cities in China. 序数词+最高级 Hainan Island is the second largest island in China. 练习： I.写出所给词的反义词。 1.young_ 6.better_ 2. white_ 7. longer_ 3. big_ 8. thinner_ 4. left_ 9. far_ 5.fast_ 10. light_ II. 用所给词的正确形式填空。 1. Maria is _(thin). Lucy is _(thin) than Mary. 2. M
7、ike is _(heavy) boy in his class. 3. Tom is as_ ( tall) as Jim. 4. I am much _( well) than yesterday. 5. This skirt is _( expensive) of the three. 6. The weather today is _(hot) than it was yesterday. 7). Lucy writes _(careful) than her brother. 8)Today is _(busy) day this week. 9)That is _ (easy )
8、of all. 10). He is _ (clever ) boy in the class. 11). John is _ ( short ) than Tom. 12). This box is _ ( heavy ) than that one. III、根据所给汉语完成句子 1. _ _exercise you take, _ _ (你锻炼越多就会越强壮) you will be. 2. Who jumped _ (最远) of all in the long jump? 3. Lucy says she will write to you back _ _ _ _（尽可能快地）。
9、4. There are _ _ _ (如此多的人) that we cant see each other. 5._ _ _ (何时何地) shall we meet? Lets meet outside the school gate tomorrow afternoon. IV、单项选择 ( )1. Tom is the _ one I want to work with. He is always complaining. Be more patient. He is still a good boy. A. best B. last C. first D. only ( )2. We
10、 want to go to Japan to have a _ study. A. farther B. farthest C. further D. furthest ( )3. The meeting hall is _ to hold 5000 people. A. large enough B. enough large C. so large D. too large ( )4. When spring comes, the trees get _. A. green and green B. green and greener C. greener and green D. gr
11、eener and greener ( )5. My _ brother is three years _ than I . A. old; older B. elder ; older C. older; elder D. old; elder ( )6. Hes _ to hear the bad news. A. sorry B. bad C. happy D. well ( )7. The snow is over one meter _ when its winter here. A. long B. high C. thick D. this ( )8. This book is
12、_ worth seeing again. A. very B. quite C. well D. much ( )9. My sister sat _ to me to listen to the story. A. close B. closely C. nearby D. with ( )10. The sports car is running _, It seems to be flying. A. fast and fast B. more and fast C. more and faster D. faster and faster ( )11. You run _ for u
13、s to catch up with you. A . too fast B. so fast C. too slowly D. so slowly ( )12. Dont look _ the window? Were having a class. A. out of B out from C. down of D. out. ( )13. This year our school is _ than it was last year. A. much more beautiful B. much beautiful C. the most beautiful D. beautiful (
14、 )14. _ the ground is, _ air becomes. A. The high; the thin B. The highest; the thinnest C. The higher; the thiner D. The higher; the thinner ( )15. John is _ of the two boys. A. tall B. tallest C. the tallest. D. the taller. ( )16. Why does Peter like moon cakes with nuts instead of the ones with eggs? Because he thinks the moon cakes with nuts are _. A. cheap B. dear C. worse D. nicer ( )17. She is _ than I A. a head taller B. a taller head C. taller a head D. head taller ( )18. Paris is one of _ cities in the world. A. more beautifully B. more beautiful C. t
