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1、宾语从句一、分析句型1、 我 喜欢 狗. 2、我 喜欢 可爱的 狗 。 定语：1、用在主语和宾语前面，起修饰和限制作用的语言单位。2、特点：A、经常由名词、形容词、动词、代词充当。B、一般定语与中心词之间有_字连接。二、附属部分基本成份的修饰语。可以是：1、 _：即用来修饰名词的单词、短语或从句2、 _：即用来修饰名词或代词以外的词的单词、短语或从句1宾语、Poor John tottered toward a hospital nearbyHave you seen the book on the desk?你看见放在 书咯吗？2、状语John often came to chat with
2、 meJohn likes oranges very muchWhenever he gets drunk，John makes Mary very angryHearing the news, he jumped with joy.As he was ill, he didnt come to class yesterday.She is sitting at the desk, doing her homework.My father worked in this school ten years ago.三、简单句的扩展成份简单句的主语、宾语可以加上一个短语（如定语）来扩展，及物动词或不
3、及物动词也可以与其它短语（如状语）连用进行扩展。1、The dog jumped A_ boy _ put milk The_girl _seems to be very happy.连接成份四、连接成分：连接成份实际上是一个连词.1、用来连接两个或几个平行的词、短语和分句。这种连词叫做并列连词。 2另一类连接成份是用来连接两个句子、且一个句子从属于另一个句子（即从句）的连词。这类连词叫从属连词。从属连词主要用于引导各种从句。五、常用并列连词 平行并列连词: _ 转折并列连词：_ 因果并列连词: _ 选择并列连词: _两个简单句的主语可以用:_1、The boss is flying to P
4、aris. His secretary is flying to Paris. 连成一句话：2、The boss may be flying to Berlin. His secretary may be flying to Berlin.连成一句话：（或者）3、The boss is not flying to York. His secretary isnt flying to York.连成一句话：（既不也不）4、两个简单句的宾语可由and、bothand等连词连接组成一个简单句。（1）I met Jane. I met her husband._（2）I didnt meet Jane
5、. I didnt meet her husband.5、Exercise:请用合适的并列连词把每组句子合并为一个并列句。1. He was tired. He went to bed. _2. The child hid behind his mothers skirt. He was afraid of the dog._3. He made a promise. He didnt keep it._六：复合句：由一个主句和一个或者一个以上从句所构成的句子。主句是_,它可以独立存在。从句是_,它必须和一个主句连用，不能独立存在。 复合句 =_ + _类型：1_ 2_ 3_ 4_ 5_ 6_
6、宾语从句：The object clause定义：复合句中，放在动词或介词后充当宾语的句子叫宾语从句。三要素：1_ 2_ 3_引导词1、We know _we should learn from each other.2、Please tell me_you have been to America.3、Could you please tell me _the restrooms are?注意：引导词是从句的一个成份，所以用哪个引导 词，看从句成份是否完整，不完整，一定是特殊疑问句（因为有特殊疑问词）。完整，判断主句语气，是疑问语气，用if/whether; 是肯定语气，用that.六、If
7、/whether（是否）的区别一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下4种情况只能用在_前：Whether to go there or not hasnt been decided. 在_后：It depends on(依靠) whether it is going to rain. 与_连用：They are talking about whether to go there or not.做_：Whether he is right isnt important.七、陈述语序陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。He is an honest boy. The teac
8、her said._一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。Does he work hard？I wonder._注：Whats the matter?(怎么了?)等,在作宾语从句时,语序不变：Could you tell me whats the matter? 可以告诉我怎么了吗?3. 下列宾语丛句的语序是否正确。1. I think that he will come to China next year.1. Can you tell me where does your mother work?1. Do you know who can answer the que
9、stion?2. Please tell us where is the hospital?八、时态如果主句是现在的时态，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。如果主句是过去的某种时态，那么从句的时态一定要用过去的某种时态。He said（that）there _(be) no classes yesterday.He told me he _(can) swim.The teacher asked him what he _(do) at seven.My friend asked me when I _ (leave) for Beijing. Could you tell me how he _
10、(go) to school every day?注意：如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都要用一般现在时时态练习：1 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them. A. took B. take C. takes D. will take2 Catherine said that she _ to Guangzhou. A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been3 Could you tell me whether they_ dictation today. A. had B. has . C. will have D. are4 She asked Linda if_ go and get some. A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may5 Linda said the moon_ round the earth. A. traveled B. has traveled C. travels D. had traveled
