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1、基础自主梳理考点分层突破单元能力提升,Unit 1,Friendship,专题10,正反解读名词性从句,正面解读反面解读实战演练,1. 2016浙江卷自选模块 Recently, I asked her _gave her the confidence to keep challenging the status quo(现状).,【答案】 what 从上下文结构可知,此处需要what引导的宾语从句,故填what。,高考链接,2. 2016全国卷短文改错 My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. _,【答案】 tha
2、t改为where 由句子结构可知,介词to之后为宾语从句。从句谓语是不及物动词live。故用where引导。,3. 2016全国卷短文改错 The summer holiday is coming.My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday. _,【答案】 how改为what 第二句句意:我和同学们正在谈论假期里做什么。,42016北京卷变式 Your support is important to our work._ you can do helps.,【答案】 Whatever 句意:你的支持对我们
3、的工作很重要,无论你做什么都会有帮助。从句动词do需要宾语,且所填词引导主语从句,故用Whatever。,5. 2015全国卷 As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly_ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.,【答案】 how 分析句子结构可知,这是一个宾语从句。根据形容词thick及结构可知这里的意思是印第安人要算出土坯墙的确切厚度。故填how。,考点一 that引导的名词性从句 规则1 that引导的主语
4、从句、宾语从句和表语从句 连词that在引导名词性从句时本身没有意义,在从句中不担任任何句子成分,但引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时不能省略。在宾语从句中有时可省略。 As I searched the name Linda on the Internet,it became evident that therere two with the same name who look completely different. 当我在网上搜索Linda这个名字的时候,很显然有两个看着完全不同但姓名相同的人。(主语从句) I find it necessary that we should sp
5、end more time practising spoken English. 我发现我们有必要花更多时间练习英语口语。(宾语从句) My decision is that all of us are to start at 6 oclock tomorrow morning. 我的决定是我们所有人明天早上6点出发。(表语从句),温馨提示 that从句作主语时,常用it作形式主语,常见的句型有: It+be+形容词 (obvious, true,natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible, likely, certain, probabl
6、e, etc. ) +that从句。 It+be+名词词组(no wonder,an honour,a good thing,a pity,no surprise,etc.)+that从句。 It+be+过去分词(said,reported,thought,expected,decided, announced,arranged,etc.)+that 从句。 常见的可以接that (that可以省略)从句作宾语的动词有see,say,know,imagine,discover,believe,tell,show,think,consider等。在可以接复合宾语的动词之后,如think,make
7、,consider等,可以用it作形式宾语。,规则2 that引导的同位语从句 that引导同位语从句时,应在某些抽象名词如fact,hope,desire,thought,suggestion, idea news,problem,possibility等后,对前面的名词起补充说明的作用,that只起引导作用,在从句中不充当成分,但一般不能省略。 The news that our women volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly. 我们女排赢得冠军的消息大大地鼓舞了我们所有人。 The gove
8、rnment gave the order that all these houses (should) be pulled down in three weeks. 政府下令三个星期内所有这些房子都要拆掉。,考点二 whether/if(是否)引导的名词性从句 whether和if在宾语从句中经常可以互换,在引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时一般用whether不用if。此外,与or或or not连用以及从句作介词宾语时只能用whether而不用if。 It remains to be seen whether he can get over the difficulty. 是否他能克服困
9、难还有待观察。(主语从句,不可用if代替whether) I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness. 我担心他是否能熬过这次疾病危机。(介词后的宾语从句中,不可用if代替whether) She asked me whether/if I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadnt. 她问我是否已将那些书还给了图书馆,我承认没还。(宾语从句,可用if代替whether),考点三 who,why,how,where
10、,when等引导主语从句 时,常用it作形式主语。能接以上词引导的宾语从句的动词很多,常见的有see,tell,ask,answer,know,decide,imagine,suggest,doubt,wonder,show,discuss,understand,inform,advise等。 Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing where she was heading. 简漫无目的地沿着林荫大道走着, 不知道要去哪里。(宾语从句) Some students even have no idea of wh
11、y they are studying,so they waste much time playing. 有些学生甚至不知道他们为什么学习,所以他们浪费了很多时间来玩。(宾语从句),考点四 what,wh-ever引导的名词性从句 what引导名词性从句时,意为“什么”或“的”,在从句中用来作主语、宾语、表语或定语。wh-ever引导名词性从句时,其作用等同于其前面的连接词,意为“任何”或“无论”,含有强调的语气。 Every year, whoever makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival. 每
12、年, 在风筝节上风筝做得最漂亮的人都会赢得奖品。(主语从句) We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20,half of what it used to charge. (宾语从句) 我们之所以选择这家酒店,是因为这里的价格低至20美元一晚,是过去收费的一半。,误区之一 连接代词之间的误用 【误】 Sarah hopes to become a friend of who shares her interests. 【正】 Sarah hopes to become a friend of who
13、ever shares her interests. 分析 who 改为whoever。从句shares her interests缺少主语，故用whoever引导宾语从句并作从句主语。句意：Sarah希望跟与自己有共同爱好的人交朋友。,误区之二 连接副词之间的误用 【误】 The road is covered with snow. I cant understand how they insist on going by motorbike. 【正】 The road is covered with snow. I cant understand why they insist on go
14、ing by motorbike. 分析 how改为why。句意：路上有积雪。我不理解他们为何坚持骑摩托车去。根据句意可知用why引导宾语从句。,误区之三 名词性从句中that与what之间的误用 【误】That caused the accident is still a complete mystery. 【正】What caused the accident is still a complete mystery. 分析 That改为What。主语从句缺少主语,故用what引导主语从句并作从句的主语。句意:什么原因导致了这次事故仍完全是一个谜。,【误】 Before the sales
15、start, I make a list of that my kids will need for the coming season. 【正】 Before the sales start, I make a list of what my kids will need for the coming season. 分析 that改为what。宾语从句中谓语need缺少宾语,故用what引导宾语从句并作从句宾语。句意:购物前,我先列出孩子们对于即将到来的季节所需要的东西。,误区之四 从属连词that/whether/if以及连接副词之间的误用 【误】 What the doctors re
16、ally doubt is that my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. 【正】 What the doctors really doubt is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. 分析 that改为whether。根据 doubt一词可知,不确定的应是是否能很快恢复过来,故that改为whether。句意:医生真正不确定的是我妈妈是否能很快从重病中恢复过来。,【误】 At first he hated the new job but decided to
