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1、Module 4 Sandstorms in Asia,写作专题,内容索引,Period Three Grammar & Writing,语法专题,语法专题,.用所给动词的正确形式填空 1.Scientists have tried many ways (solve) this problem and in China，a mass campaign has been started (help) solve it. 2.The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the thick d
2、ust makes it difficult (see). 3.Weather experts advise people not (go) out.,动词不定式和but+不定式,to solve,to help,to see,to go,4.Its difficult (breathe) and the dust makes me ill.So if you want (go) out，youd better wear a mask. 5. (prevent) it coming nearer，the government is planting trees.,to breathe,to g
3、o,To prevent,.完成句子 1.他要求被派往农村工作。 He asked to work in the countryside. 2.看到父亲睡着了，他尽量不弄出任何声响来。 Seeing his father was asleep， . 3.她看起来比实际年龄年轻多了。 She appears than her age. 4.明天举行的会议是关于如何控制污染的。 The meeting tomorrow is about how to control the pollution.,to be sent,he tried not to make any noise,to be muc
4、h younger,to be held,一、动词不定式的时态和语态形式,1.动词不定式的一般式：表示与主动词处于同一时间层面或动作发生于主动词之后。 He seems to understand what I said. 他似乎明白我说的话。 2.动词不定式的进行式：表示与主动词同时发生且动作正在进行。 The two cheats pretended to be working hard. 那两个骗子假装在努力工作。,3.动词不定式的完成式：表示不定式动作发生于主动词之前。 She seems to have seen this film. 她似乎已看过这部影片。 4.动词不定式的被动语态
5、：表示与逻辑主语之间的被动关系。 She asked to be treated equally. 她要求被公平对待。,完成句子 (1)Dont (假装懂) what you dont know. (2)When I came in，he happened (正在读书). (3)She (似乎忘掉了) the whole thing last night. (4)The bike needs (修理). (5)Im sorry (带来) you so much trouble.,题组训练1,pretend to know,to be reading,seemed to have forgott
6、en,to be repaired,to have brought,二、动词不定式的句法功能 不定式的句法功能是作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、主语补足语、定语、原因状语、目的状语、结果状语和评论性状语。 To live in China is Mr Smiths dream.(主语) 生活在中国是史密斯先生的梦想。 She promised to give him a chance.(宾语) 她答应给他一个机会。 Your job is to wash dishes.(表语) 你的工作是刷盘子。,The teacher told his students to pay attention t
7、o their pronunciation.(宾语补足语) 老师告诉学生们要注意发音。 I was asked to help him with his lessons.(主语补足语) 我被请求帮他学功课。 Have you got a pencil to draw pictures with？(定语) 你有绘图的铅笔吗？ Im ashamed to have to trouble you.(原因状语) 我很惭愧不得不麻烦你。,Some scientists went to Germany to attend a medical conference.(目的状语) 一些科学家去德国参加医学大会
8、。 He was too excited to say anything.(结果状语) 他兴奋得说不出话来。 I have never seen such a person，to tell you the truth.(评论性状语) 实话告诉你，我从来没见过这样一个人。,写出下列句子中不定式(短语)所作的成分 (1)To love and to be loved is the greatest happiness one can seek. _ (2)I cant afford to buy the house. _ (3)His job is to teach English. _ (4)I
9、 believe him to be honest. _ (5)He worked hard to pass the exam. _,题组训练2,主语,宾语,表语,宾补,目的状语,三、复合结构的不定式 “for名词(或代词宾格)动词不定式”即构成复合结构的动词不定式。其中for本身无意义。for后面的名词或代词是不定式的逻辑主语，这种不定式在句中可作主语、表语、宾语或状语。 It is very important for us to get everything ready for the harvest. 为收获的季节准备好一切对我们来说很重要。 当作表语用的形容词表示不定式的逻辑主语的性
10、质或特征时，就用介词of而不用for引出不定式的逻辑主语，这些形容词一般有good，nice，kind，wise，silly，stupid，foolish，right，wrong，careless，impolite等。 It is very kind of you to help him every day. 你真是太友好了，每天都帮他。,四、疑问词动词不定式 疑问代词和疑问副词后可加动词不定式构成不定式短语，在句中可作主语、表语或宾语。 How to prevent them from swimming in this river is a problem. 如何阻止他们在这条河里游泳是个问
11、题。,五、but不定式 动词不定式在but，except，besides等表示“除了”之意的介词后面时，如果这些介词之前有行为动词do的某种形式，那么介词后的不定式不带to，否则带to。 She could do nothing but cry.她除了哭什么也不能做。 Tom did nothing except wait before his parents came home. 父母回家之前，汤姆只有等待。 What do you like to do besides swim?除了游泳你还喜欢做什么？ He did nothing else but laugh.他只是笑笑而已。 I ha
12、ve no choice but to accept the fact.除了接受这一事实，我别无选择。,拓展延伸 在cant but，cant help but，cant choose but(不得不，只能)结构后，不定式不带to。 There being no buses，he cant but walk home. 由于没有公共汽车，他只能步行回家。 He cant choose but accept the offer. 他别无选择只能接受提议。,用所给动词的正确形式填空 (1)I have nothing to do but (wait) here. (2)He had no choi
13、ce but (give) in. (3)She cant help but (obey) the agreement. (4)We cant choose but (return) unwillingly. (5)It was silly of you (believe) him.,题组训练3,wait,to give,obey,return,to believe,.用所给词的正确形式填空 1.I was watching the clock all through the meeting，as I had a train (catch). (2017天津) 2.Many airlines
14、now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online (save) their valuable time. (2017北京) 3.They are required (process) the food that we eat，to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. (2017全国),to catch,to save,to process,4. (make) it easier to get in touch with us，youd bett
15、er keep this card at hand. (2016北京) 5.When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough (cool) the house during the hot day；at the same time，they warm up again for the night. (2015全国) 6.After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress，Anne Benedict went on (thank) all the people who had helped in her career. (2015陕西),To make,to cool,to thank,7.Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students (talk) over what is
