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1、Module 1 Europe,写作专题,内容索引,Period Three Grammar & Writing,语法专题,语法专题,用所给动词的正确形式填空 1.Paris is one of the most beautiful cities and (visit) by more than eight million tourists every year. 2.The Eiffel Tower (locate) in Paris. 3.The Sagrada Familia (design) by an architect called Antonio Gaudi. 4.Florenc
2、es most beautiful paintings and sculptures _ (produce) by great artists.,一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态&主谓一致,is visited,is located,was designed,were produced,5.Athens (know) as the birthplace of western civilisation. 6.The Parthenon (build) during this period. 7.Three-fourths of the project (complete) by the time
3、 we arrived there. 8.Egg and rice (be) her usual breakfast. 9.Many a student (realize) the importance of mastering a foreign language so far. 10.Our team (be) an expert team.,is known,was built,has been completed,is,has realized,is,11.Either the students or their head teacher (be) supposed to recons
4、ider how to deal with the problem. 12.The teacher with the students (be) playing football on the playground.,is,is,.一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态 一、被动语态的基本构成 1.一般现在时的被动语态构成：am/is/aredone。 I am asked to copy English words for ten times. 我被要求抄十遍英语单词。 Football is played all over the world. 全世界都踢足球。,2.一般过去时的被动语态构成：w
5、as/weredone。 The university was founded in 1901. 这所大学是1901年建的。 The 28th Olympic Games were held in Beijing in 2008. 2008年第28届奥运会在北京举办。,二、被动语态的用法 1.不清楚谁是动作的执行者时，用被动语态。 His car was stolen when he parked in the street. 当他把车停在街上时，他的车被偷了。 2.没有必要指出动作的执行者时，用被动语态。 No one knows when the bridge was built. 没人知
6、道这桥是什么时候建的。,3.强调或突出动作的承受者时，用被动语态。如果需要指出动作的执行者时，可用“by动作的执行者(宾格)”这一结构。 Paris is visited by many people every year. 每年有很多人参观巴黎。 This painting was painted by Xu Beihong. 这幅画是徐悲鸿画的。,三、被动语态和系表结构的区别 被动结构表示动作，句子的主语是被动动作的对象；而系表结构说明主语所处的状态，其中的过去分词已经形容词化了。 The window was broken by Jack.(被动) 这玻璃是杰克打碎的。 Watch ou
7、t！The window is broken.(系表) 当心！这玻璃是碎的。 I tapped the window and the door was opened.(被动) 我拍了拍窗户，门开了。 When I returned home，the door was open.(系表) 当我回到家时，门是开着的。,(1)用所给词的正确形式填空 These kinds of machines (make) in Germany. A piano concert (give) in Jinan last Saturday. This poem (write) by Whitman. These f
8、amous buildings (build) during that period.,题组训练1,are made,was given,was written,were built,(2)把下面的句子变成被动语态 We saw them play football on the playground. _ She often does her homework after school. _ I heard her singing an English song. _ People there take good care of the old. _,They were seen to pl
9、ay football on the playground. Her homework is often done by her after school. She was heard singing an English song. The old are taken good care of by people there.,.主谓一致 一个句子的谓语动词在人称和数上与主语必须保持一致。本模块出现的是集合名词、代词(neither，none，each)作主语时与谓语动词一致的情况。下面就它们的用法进行讲解。 1.一些集合名词，如：family，team，class，band，committ
10、ee，government，group，public等用作主语时，若视为整体，谓语动词则用单数形式；若视为个体，谓语动词则用复数形式。,注意：集合名词cattle，people，police作主语时，谓语常用复数。 记忆秘诀：牛群爱人民警察。 People are working hard in the field. 人们正在地里辛勤地劳作。 The police are searching for the escaped prisoners. 警察正在搜寻逃跑的罪犯。 2.当两个主语由or，either.or.，neither.nor.或not only.but also.等连接时，谓语动词
11、要与最近的主语一致，即我们常说的“就近原则”。 Li Ming，or you，are going to meet the foreign friends at the airport. 李明或者你将去机场接外国朋友。,Neither the Smiths nor their son supports the plan. 史密斯夫妇和他们的儿子都不赞成这个计划。 注意：(1)both.and.连接并列主语时，谓语动词用复数。 Both you and I are interested in football. 我和你都对足球感兴趣。 (2)由as well as，along with，toget
12、her with，in addition to，including，rather than，except，besides等连接的并列主语，谓语动词的数取决于该词之前的主语。 The students as well as their English teacher have attended the meeting. 学生和他们的英语老师都参加了这次会议。 A woman，together with some girls，is coming up to us. 一位妇女和一些女孩朝我们走过来。,3.代词either和neither常作单数看待，作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。 Either of
13、the books is written by my mother. 这两本书中的一本是我妈妈写的。 Neither of you is fit for the job. 你们两个都不适合这份工作。 4.代词none常被视为复数，但有时也用作单数。作主语时，谓语动词既可用复数形式也可用单数形式。 None of them have/has yet turned up at the party. 他们都没在晚会上出现。 None of the money is left.没剩下钱。,5.each在意义上属于单数。作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Each student in our class wo
14、rks hard. 我们班里的每个学生都学习刻苦。 Each of the women workers works as long as 12 hours every day. 每名女工每天都工作长达12个小时。,用所给词的正确形式填空 (1)None of us (have) a car. (2)Look！The cattle (drink) at the pool over there. (3)His family very big and all of his family fond of sports.(be) (4)Neither of the examples (explain)
15、it well. (5)Jack as well as his parents (like) music.,题组训练2,have/has,are drinking,are,explains,likes,is,.用所给词的正确形式填空 1.The publication of Great Expectations，which (be)both widely reviewed and highly praised，strengthened Dickens status as a leading novelist.(2017江苏) 2.Nowadays，cycling，along with jogging and swimming，_ (regard)as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.(2017天津) 3.When fat and salt (remove) from food，the food t
