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1、commoditymoney商品货币legaltender法定货币fiatmoney法定通货amedium of exchange交换媒介legalsanction法律制裁facevalue面值liquidassets流动资产illiquidassets非流动资产theliquidity scale流动性指标realestate不动产checkingaccounts, demand deposit, checkable deposit活期存款timedeposit定期存款negotiableorder of withdrawal accounts大额可转让提款单moneymarket mutu
2、al funds货币市场互助基金repurchaseagreements回购协议certificateof deposits存单bond债券stock股票travelerschecks旅行支票small-denominationtime deposits小额定期存款large-denominationtime deposits大额定期存款bankovernight repurchase agreements银行隔夜回购协议banklong-term repurchase agreements银行长期回购协议thriftinstitutions存款机构financialinstitution金融
3、机构commercialbanks商业银行ameans of payment支付手段astore of value储藏手段astandard of value价值标准reserve储备note票据discount贴现circulate流通centralbank中央银行theFederal Reserve System联邦储备系统creditunion信用合作社papercurrency纸币creditcreation信用创造branchbanking银行分行制unitbanking单一银行制outof circulation退出流通capitalstock股本atpar以票面价值计electr
4、onicbanking电子银行bankingholding company公司银行thegold standard金本位theFederal Reserve Board联邦储备委员会thestock market crash股市风暴reserveratio准备金比率deficit亏损roll展期wholesale批发default不履约auction拍卖collateralize担保markup价格的涨幅dealer交易员broker经纪人pensionfunds养老基金faceamount面值commericalpaper商业票据bankersacceptance银行承兑汇票Fed fund
5、联邦基金eurodollar欧洲美元treasurybills国库券floating-rate浮动比率fixed-rate固定比率defaultrisk拖欠风险creditrating信誉级别taxcollection税收moneymarket货币市场capitalmarket资本市场originalmaturity原始到期期限surplusfunds过剩基金 国民经济、对外经济贸易NATIONALECONOMY, FOREIGN ECONOMIC RELATIONS AND TRADE经济指标economicindicators社会总产值totalproduct of society国民生产
6、总值GNP(Gross Domestic Product)国内生产总值GDP(Gross Domestic Product)人均国内生产总值GDPper capita工农业总产值grossoutput value of industry and agriculture国民收入nationalincome购买力平价法purchasingpower parity财政收入staterevenue社会商品零售总额totalvolume of retail sales社会零售物价总指数generalretail price index百分点percentagepoints八五划划the 8th Five
7、-YearPlan for National Economic and Social Development计划经济plannedeconomy统购统销statemonopoly over purchase and marketing市场经济market economy指令性计划mandatoryplan指导性计划guidanceplan市场调节marketregulation建立市场经济、法制、民主监督和廉政三个机制establish operational mechanisms of market economy, rule by law, democraticsupervision an
8、d incorruptible government抓好农业、交通能源、教育科技三个基础 stress priorities over agriculture,transportation and energy supply, education and science and technology实现产业结构、生态环境和人口素质三个优化optimize industrial structure, ecological environment and the quality ofpopulation第一、二、三产业primary,secondary and tertiary industrie
9、s外向型经济export-orientedeconomy创汇型企业foreignexchange-earning enterprise劳动密集型laborintensive技术、智力、资本密集型technology,knowledge or capital intensive高附加值的深加工down-streamprocessing with high added-value优化资源配置optimizeallocation of resources生产力productiveforces生产资料capitalgoods科研成果产业化industrializationof research fin
10、dings火炬计划Torch Plan技术入股technologyappraised as capital stock风险投资ventureinvestment/capital固定资产投资investmentin fixed assets折旧费depreciationcost关系民生的产品productsvital to the peoples livelihood供大于求oversupply供不应求shortsupply经济过热overheatedeconomy抑制炒房地产热stemfrenzied and speculative trading in the property market
11、宏观调控macro-economiccontrol经济杠杆economiclevers产业政策industrialpolicy财政,税收,信贷，利率,汇率publicfinancing, taxation, credit, interest rate, exchange rate提高经济效益enhanceeconomic performance/returns社会效益socialeffect/returns实现持续、稳定、协调的发展bringabout sustained, stable and coordinated development财政赤字(盈余) budget deficit (s
12、urplus)外贸出口总额grossforeign export value外商直接投资协议金额contractedforeign direct investment实际利用外资foreigninvestment in actual use三资企业(中外合资合作、外商独资经营) three kinds ofenterprises with foreign investment: sino-foreign joint venture, contractualjoint venture允许外商独资经营allowfull foreign equity operation优惠条件confessiona
13、lterms; favorable terms减免税收taxreduction and exemption合作方式approachesto cooperation出资方式means ofcontributing investment合营期限contractterm of a joint venture三来一补(来料加工,来件装配,来样加工)processing and compensation trades (processing with materials or given samples,assembling supplied components)贸易伙伴tradepartner转口贸
14、易transittrade外贸顺差foreigntrade surplus积极引进外来资金、技术、人才和管理经验actively introduce capital, technology, competent professionals andmanagerial expertise form outside交钥匙工程turn-keyproject招标承包制biddinginvitation contract system招标出售技术bids fortechnology公开招标call forbid; tenders招标单invitationfor bid (IFB.标书biddingdocument竟标competitivebidding投标bid for aproject投标报价书bidproposals评标bid proposalevaluation开标bid opening中标win a bid;be awarded a tender拍卖auction租赁leasing保税区bondedarea; free trade area实行全方位开放practicemulti-directional opening统一政策、放开经营、平等竞争、 unified policy, liberalized operation, and equal competitio
