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1、版权所有:中国好课堂 Section_ Grammar_主谓一致 语法图解 探究发现Following Janes way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest.Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day.Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move of
2、f.Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right.Ten hours has passed since I came here.我的发现(1)句中 group 强调成员，故其后谓语动词用 复数形式；句中的 family 和句中的group 强调整体，故其后谓语动词用单数形式。(2)句中的主语为动名词短语，故其谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。(3)表示时间、距离、金额、度量衡等名词作主语时，常表示一个整体概念，谓语动词用单数形式，如句。版权所有:中
3、国好课堂 谓语动词与主语必须在人称和数上保持一致，这叫主谓一致。主谓一致的应用主要有以下几种情况：一、名词作主语主语 谓语动词可数名词单数或不可数名词 单数可数名词复数 复数只表示复数意义的集体名词 people, police, cattle 等 复数强调整体 单数family, class, group, team 类集体名词强调成员 复数只作不可数名词用的集体名词 clothing, equipment, furniture, jewellery 等单数单复数同形的名词 means, sheep, works, deer, fish 等 根据其表达的单复数意义而定The public w
4、as kept in the dark about the matter.关于这件事情公众被蒙在鼓里。The public now come to know the whole story.人们现在越来越清楚那是怎么回事了。The football team is being rebuilt.(他们)正在重建这个足球队。The football team are having baths and then they are coming here for tea.足球队员们正在洗澡，然后他们会到这里喝茶。名师点津 goods, clothes, earnings, remains 等作主语时，
5、谓语动词用复数。版权所有:中国好课堂 即时演练 1用所给词的适当形式填空Land is (be) valuable. Not an inch of land is (be) allowed to waste.The children are (be) very fond of playing farm games.The police have (have) caught the criminal.The equipment of our factory is (be) all imported from Britain.Each means has (have) been tried to
6、solve the problem, but none is effective.(安徽高考改编)Walmart, which is one of the largest American supermarket chains, keeps (keep) some of its stores open 24 hours on Mondays through Saturdays.His family is (be) poor and he used to work hard to support his family.My family are (be) going on a trip this
7、 summer.二、数量概念词作主语主语 谓语动词表示单位数量，指时间、金钱、距离、长度、重量等的复数名词短语单数the rest/part (of)及分数、百分数等 根据所指代或修饰的名词而定a number of可数名词复数 复数the number of可数名词复数 单数a quantity of/quantities of 根据 quantity 的形式而定more than one/many a可数名词单数 单数one of可数名词复数 单数About 50 percent of the students in our school are girls.我们学校大约百分之五十的学生是
8、女生。版权所有:中国好课堂 Great quantities of fish are caught in the deep sea.在深海处抓了很多鱼。There is a large quantity of milk.有大量的牛奶。名师点津 (1)“more复数名词than one”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。More children than one are playing in the shade of the tree.不止一个孩子在树荫下玩。(2)在“one of复数名词/代词定语从句”结构中，定语从句中的谓语动词用复数形式。只有 one 之前出现 the only, the v
9、ery 等修饰语时，定语从句的谓语动词才用单数形式。试比较：He is one of the students who have passed the exam.他是通过这次考试的学生之一。He is the only one of the students who has passed the exam.他是通过这次考试的唯一的学生。即时演练 2(1)对比填空(用 be 动词的适当形式填空 )A number of new houses were built there three years ago.At present, the number of the unemployed is s
10、till increasing.A large quantity of money was spent on the bridge.Quantities of time were spent in saving the wounded.The rest of the lecture is dull.The rest of the bicycles are on sale today.(2)用所给词的适当形式填空(陕西高考改编)It is reported that many a new house is_being_built (build) at present in 版权所有:中国好课堂
11、the disaster area.三、不定代词作主语主语 谓语动词either, each (of), anyone, somebody, everything, no one 等 单数both/few/many/several (of)等 复数指代或修饰可数名词复数 复数all/some/most (of)指代或修饰不可数名词 单数指代或修饰可数名词复数 单、复数均可none (of)指代或修饰不可数名词 单数Since everyone is here, lets begin our meeting.既然大家都到了，我们开会吧。None of them knows/know the an
12、swers.他们中没有人知道答案。None of the information about him has been received.一点也没收到关于他的消息。Most of the students in this class are good at mathematics.这个班的学生多半数学很好。即时演练 3补全句子All are_eager_to reach an agreement.大家都急于达成一项协议。All is_well that ends well.结果好，一切都好。None of the telephones is/are_working.版权所有:中国好课堂 电话中
13、没有一部是好用的。四、并列结构作主语主语 谓语动词由 both . and .连接 复数由 either . or ., neither . nor ., or, not only . but also ., not . but .连接 就近一致Both eggs and milk are good for your health.鸡蛋和牛奶都对你的健康有好处。Neither the students nor the teacher knows this matter.学生和老师都不知道这件事。名师点津 (1)and 连接的两个并列主语在意义上指同一人、同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数。(
14、2)由 and 连接的并列单数主语前若有 no, each, every, many a 等修饰，谓语动词要用单数。The writer and poet was dead yesterday.那位作家兼诗人昨天去世了。(同一个人，注意 poet 前无冠词。 )All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。Every hour and every minute is important.每一小时和每一分钟都很重要。即时演练 4用所给词的适当形式填空Each teacher and each student was (be)
15、given a ticket.Not only he but also all his family are (be) keen on concerts.版权所有:中国好课堂 Are (be) you or he good at English?Not only the students but also the teacher wants (want) to go climbing.Every boy and every girl likes (like) the film star.(湖南高考改编)All we need is (be) a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.五、其他情况情况 谓语动词主语后有 with, like, along/together with, as well as, rather than 类短语 与主语一致there be 句式中 就近一致不定式、动名词作主语 通常为单数主语从句作主语 通常为单数定语从句中关系代词作主语 与先行词一致Steve, together with his wife and chi
