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1、I. Forms,其否定形式 not+分词短语,Usage of the Participle 谓语 表语 定语 宾语补足语 状语,1. 谓语,You should have told us earlier. They are playing badminton.,They like playing badminton.,动名词,主语、宾语（介词宾语）、表语、合成名词,2. 表语,The news is very inspiring. You shouldnt try to stand up if you are badly hurt. This composition is well wri
2、tten.,Adj. 形容词,My job is planting the lotus.,(job= planting the lotus),n. 名词,3. 定语,(1). 前置定语： eg. He told us the exciting news. The excited students jumped with joy. 表示情感心理活动的及物动词的分词可以修饰名词做前置定语。 如：amusing/amused tiring/tired shocking/shocked disappointing/disappointed,不及物动词的现在分词作定语表示正在进行中的动作；动词的过去分词
3、表示已被完成的动作。,boiling water developing country boiled water developed country changing situation moving train changed situation written English risen sun falling leaves rising sun fallen leaves,(2). 后置定语: eg. a girl sitting there These plastic bottles used can be recycled. Scientists are trying to deve
4、lop a material having similar properties as spider silk.,These plastic bottles which were used can be recycled.,Scientists are trying to develop a material which has similar properties as spider silk.,动名词与现在分词作定语的区别,sleeping baby sleeping car flying bird flying school,baby who is sleeping car which
5、is used for sleeping,bird which is flying school for training pilots,The picture which hangs on the wall was painted by a famous artist. We will take the bus which is waiting by the roadside to go to the Ocean Park. There is a red car parked outside the house.,The picture hanging on the wall was pai
6、nted by a famous artist.,Well take the bus waiting by the roadside to go to the Ocean Park.,There is a red car which is parked outside the house.,The essay which has been translated into Chinese reads well.,The essay having been translated into Chinese reads well.,The essay translated into Chinese r
7、eads well.,现在分词完成被动式（having been done）不作定语来修饰名词，而用过去分词（done）作名词修饰语。,Fill in the blanks with “build”,The art center _ now will be twenty storeys high. The art center _ last year is twenty storeys high. The art center _ next year will be twenty storeys high.,being built,built,to be built,4.宾语补足语,(1).
8、现在分词通常用在感官动词see, watch, notice, observe, look at, hear, feel 之后，表示动作正在发生，（即处于发生过程中，还没有结束）如:,I found my wallet missing.,Suddenly I heard someone knocking gently at the door.,I saw the girl getting on the tractor.,能跟现在分词作宾语补足语的常见动词有这些，看看有什么好方法可以将它们记住： make、let、have、look at、see、watch、hear、listen to、not
9、ice、find、feel。 对了，用“三让、三看、两听、注意发现感觉”。多简单！,（2）在“使役”动词或“致使”动词后面，如catch,have,keep,get,leave,make 等后接现在分词作宾语补足语表示主动意义，在get,have,make 等后接过去分词作宾语补足语表示被动意义。,The police had a hard time keeping the traffic moving. He kept his eyes shut. We have the fire burning all day. He had his foot injured in the fall. H
10、is words left me wondering what he was driving at. He was found injured at the foot of the cliff.,(3).在动词like,want,wish结构中可以用过去分词作宾语补足语。 I want the work (to be) finished. He didnt like his novel (to be) discussed in the newspapers.,5. 状语,Returning home later, my friend learned that the police had be
11、en to the flats. Qs: 1.Who returned home later? 2.Who learned that the police had been to the flats? 3.Which action happened first? 4.Which action happened later?,my friend,my friend,return home,learn,1.Hearing the cry for help, he rushed out.（时间）,= When he heard the cry for help, he rushed out.,2.H
12、aving finished doing his homework, he goes on to watch TV.,= When he has finished doing his homework, he goes on to watch TV.,3. Seeing from the hill, you can get the whole town.(条件),= If you see from the hill, you can get the whole town.,相当于状语从句,He read a magazine, waiting for the bus.(伴随),Boiled,
13、the water can be drunk. = If it is boiled, the water can be drunk Given more time , I can finish all the work. Thinking that the petrol in the car would catch fire, they ran to the damaged car and pulled Tom out of it. (原因),= They ran to the damaged car and pulled Tom out of it, because they thought
14、 that the petrol in the car would catch fire.,= He read a magazine and waited for the bus.,The farmer came riding by and lent him a hand. (方式),总结,分词作状语可以表示时间，原因，结果，条件，让步，伴随等状况，其作用相当于一个状语从句。 注：分词短语作状语，其逻辑主语与句子的主语必须保持一致。,Practice,Join the two sentences together,He rushed to help the girl.,He saw her f
15、all.,Seeing her fall, he rushed to help her.,She screamed excitedly.,She ran towards the rock star.,Screaming excitedly, she ran towards the rock star.,Two actions happen almost at the same time. （伴随状语）,or,She ran towards the rock star, screaming excitedly.,Practice,We saw an accident.,We were waiti
16、ng for a taxi.,Waiting for a taxi, we saw an accident.,Mrs Marsh felt tired.,She went to bed.,Feeling tired, Mrs Marsh went to bed.,Notes used as adverbial. 1. 先找句中主语，判断该主语与 该动词之间的关系。分词短语作状语时， 其逻辑主语 必须与主句主语一致。 A)主动， 不强调先后-doing ； 强调先后-having done B)被动， 强调状态-done 强调动作-having been Exercise: _ （read）the sad story, tears came down her cheeks.,When she rea
