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1、语法复习三：,名词性从句,语法复习三：名词性从句 名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句厅分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。 （一）引导名词性从句的连接词 1、连接代词：who, whose, whom, what, which。有词义，在从句中 担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。 2、连接副词：when, where, why, how。有词义，在从句中担任成 分，作状语。 3、连接词：that, whether, if, as if。that 无词义，在从句中不 担任成分，有时可省略；if (whether), as if虽有词 义，
2、但在从句中不担任成分。,注意： 连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句，因而从句中谓语不用疑问式。连接代词与连接副词在从句充当句子成分，连接词whether 和if（是否），as if（好象）在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。根据句义，如果连接代词与连接副词，whether、if 和as if都用不上时，才用that作连接词（that本身无任何含义）。 （二）主语从句 1、主语从句在复合句作主语。 e.g. Who will go is not important. 2、用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。 e.g. It doesnt matter so much whether you
3、will come or not. 3、that引导主语从句时，不能省略。 e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.,三）表语从句 1、表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。 e.g. The question was who could go there. 2、引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去。 e.g. My idea is (that) we can get more comrades to help in the work. （四）宾语从句 1、宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。引导宾语从句的连词that一
4、般可省略。 e.g. I hope (that) everything is all right. 2、介词之后的宾语从句，不可用which或if连接，要分别用what或 whether。 e.g. Im interested in whether youve finished the work Im interested in what youve said.,3、whether与if都可以引导宾语从句，常可互换。但下面情况不能互换。 宾语从句是否定句时，只用if，不用whether。 e.g. I wonder if it doesnt rain. 用if 会引起误解，就要用whether
5、。 e.g. Please let me know whether you want to go.（此句如果把 whether改成if，容易当成条件句理解） 宾语从句中的whether 与or not直接连用，就不能换成if；不直接连 用，可换。 e.g. I dont know whether or not the report is true. I dont know whether/if the report is true or not. 介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导。whether 可与不定式连用。 whether也可引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，还可引导让步 状语从
6、句，以上均不能换成if。但引导条件从句时，只能用if，而不 能用whether。 e.g. It depends on whether we have enough time. They dont know whether to go there. Please come to see me if you have time.,（五）同位语从句 同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词（如：news, fact, idea, suggestion, promise等）之后，说明该名词的具体内容。 e.g. I have no idea when he will be back. Th
7、e fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody.,练习：名词性从句,一、判断下列各句哪句含有名词性从句，并指出是什么从句： 1. China is no longer what it used to be. 2. The truth that the earth turn around the sun is known to all. 3. It was snowing when he arrived at the station. 4. How he persuaded the manager to change the pl
8、an is interesting to us all. 5. The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school. 6. The news that you told me yesterday was really disappointing. 7. That is where Lu Xun used to live. 8. He spoke as if he understood what he was talking about. 9. Do you remember the teacher who
9、taught us English at middle school? 10. I wonder why she refused my invitation.,表语从句,同位语从句,不是,主语从句,同位语从句,不是,表语从句,宾语从句,不是,宾语从句,答案,二、用适当的连词填空： 1. I cant decide _ dictionary I should buy. 2. Thats _ he refused my invitation. 3. I am very interested in _ he has improved his pronunciation in such a short
10、 time. 4. _ we need is more time. 5. The fact _ she had not said anything at the meeting surprised everybody. 6. _ and _ they will meet has not been decided yet. 7. Please tell me _ you are waiting for. 8. Is that _ you are looking for? 9. Would you please tell me _ the nearest post office is? 10. I
11、 dont know _ he will agree to the plan or not.,which,why,how,What,that,when,where,who(m),what,where,whether,答案,三、选择填空： 1. Do you see _ I mean? A. that B./ C. how 2. Tell me_ is on your mind. A. that C. which D. why 3. We must stick to _ we have agreed on. B. that C. / D. how 4. Let me see _. A. that
12、 can I repair the radio C. I can repair the radio D. whether can I repair the radio 5. Keep in mind _. A. that the teacher said B. what did the teacher say C. that did the teacher say,答案,D. what,B. what,A. what,B. whether -I can repair the radio,D. what the teacher said,6. Could you advise me _? A.
13、which book should I read first B. what book should I read first C. that book 1 should read first 7. He was criticized for _. he had done it C. what had he done D. that he had done it 8. Would you kindly tell me _? A. how can I get to the Beijing Railway Station C. where can I get to the Beijing Rail
14、way Station D. whether can I get to the Beijing Railway Station 9. Mrs. Smith was very much impressed by _. A. what had she seen in China B. that she had seen in China D. which had she seen in China,D. which book I should read first,B. what he had done,B. how I can get to the Beijing Railway Station
15、,C. what she had seen in China,答案,10. We took it for granted _ B. that were they not coming C. they were coming not D. were they not coining 11. I really dont know _ A. I should do next B. what should I do next D. how I should do next 12. Im afraid _. B. that will the little girl have to operate on C. the little girl will have to operate on D. that will the little girl have to be operated on 13. She walked up to _ . A. where did I stand C. I stood there D. where I stood there,A. that they were not coming,C. what I should do next,A. the little girl will have to be
