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1、我们将分别按文体、体裁和话题等多角度进行分类指导与模拟训练。,分类导练,1. 读取信息：写作前我们必须仔细读图，掌握图表上提供的信息及每一栏上面的小标题的标注，由此弄清设计者想通过图表反映出的信息、问题或现象。 2. 处理信息：在掌握全部信息的基础上进行分析与对比，然后考虑文章的布局、段落的划分，以及上下文的连贯等。,3. 文章结构： Part 1: General idea (conclusion/ tendency) (图表反映的问题或总体趋势) Part 2: Facts (to support the idea) (具体数据或事实) Part 3: Reasons (原因分析) Par
2、t 4: Solutions or personal opinion/suggestions (if needed) (解决问题的办法或建议) 在写作时，不一定包括这四个部分，要根据写作要求或具体情况而定。,4. 叙述数据时要避免过多重复使用百分比，可以用约数、倍数等来表达。强调“少”可用only (只有)，as little as(少到)等，强调“多”可用as many/much as (多达)。,常用词语 1. 表示上升的动词：rise 上升，go up上升，climb上涨，rocket 迅速上升，soar猛涨，shot up猛涨 2. 表示下降的动词：go down下降，fall下跌，d
3、rop下降，decline下降 3. 表示升降的名词：rise上升，fall下跌，drop下降，decline下降 4. 表增减的动词或名词：increase增加，decrease减少，double增加一倍,5. 表示增减或升降前后的数额：from to 从增加到/减少到；to (涨/降/上升/下降)到 6. 表示增减或升降的具体程度：by 7. 表示增减或升降急缓的副词：slowly慢慢地，slightly轻微地，quickly迅速地，steadily稳步地，sharply急剧地，dramatically显著地，remarkably显著地 8. 表示增减或升降急缓的形容词：slow缓慢的，s
4、light轻微的，quick迅速的，steady稳定的，sharp急剧的，remarkable显著的,9. 表示上涨或下跌趋势的名词：upward trend上涨趋势，downward trend下跌趋势 10. 表示数量保持不变的动词：remain依然是，stay 11. 表示约数的表达方式：most (of)多数，few (of)少数，only只有，as many /much as 多达，倍数、比较级 12. 其他相关表达式：account for 30% of the total占总量的30%，at the same rate以相同的速率，average平均的，annual每年的，the
5、 figure数字，number数字，amount数量，percentage百分比,开头常用套语 1. From the graph/table/diagram/chart above, we can see obviously that the population of China is increasing fast. 从以上表格中我们可以明显地看出，中国人口在高速增长。 2. As can been seen from the table (=As we can see clearly from the table), great changes have been taking pl
6、ace in the habit of eating in our country.正如能够从图表中所看到的，我国的饮食习惯正在发生巨大的变化。,3. As is shown by the graph, there has been a rapid increase in the population of the country in the past five years. 正如曲线所示，最近5年来该国人口飞速增长。 4. From the statistics given in the table, it can be seen that the average personal inc
7、ome of the Chinese people increased (grew /rose) rapidly from 1978 to 2008. 从表中所给的统计数字可以看出，从1978年到2008年中国的人均收入迅速提高。,5. According to the figures given by the graph, the Chinese farmers personal income rose steadily from 1980 to 2008.根据表中所给的数字，自1980年至2008年中国农民的个人收入稳步增长。 6. It can be concluded from the
8、 graph that there has been a great decline in birth rates in China in the past five years. 从曲线图可以得出结论，最近5年来中国人口的出生率已经大大下降。 7. The graph shows/indicates that 图表显示/表明,数据说明常用套语 1. Sales increased by 8.3% compared with the same period last year, to a record $106.3 billion. 和去年同期相比，其销售额上涨8.3%，达到1063亿美元，创
9、历史新高。 2. As is shown by the graph, in 1985 their income doubled, amounting to 540 yuan.如表中所示，他们的收入在1985年翻了一翻，总计为540元。,3. From 1979-1991 in Canada, the real price of cigarettes increased by 159% and teenage smoking fell from 42% to 16%. 从1979年到1991年间，加拿大的香烟实际价格增长了159，在青少年中吸烟率从42降低到16。 4. The minority
10、 people in this city account for 30% of the total population.在这个城市少数民族占城市总人口的30%。,5. The grain production (= output) in our area now is three times as great as that of 1990. 现在我们地区的粮食产量相当于1990年的3倍。 6. The number of students has reached 500, indicating a rise of 20%, compared to last semester. 学生人数达到
11、500人，与上个学期相比上升了20%。 7. Women make up about 46 percent of Britains 376,000 millionaires.在英国37万6千位百万富翁中，女性约占46%。,原因说明常用套语 1. There are two reasons that account for this phenomenon.有两个原因可以解释这样一种现象。 2. A number of factors could account for (contribute to /lead to /result in) the change (success /increas
12、e).许多因素可以说明/导致/引起这个变化/成功/增长。,3. 25 percent of the increase in oil prices is strictly due to the fact that the dollars gone down by 25 percent, because oil all over the world is priced in dollars.由于美元贬值了25%直接导致了石油价格上升了25%，因为全球范围内的石油是以美元定价的。 4. Firstly/ First of all/ To begin with, Secondly, Besides/
13、In addition/ Furthermore/ Moreover,. Finally/ Last but not least/, 首先其次还有最后 5. The reason for. is that. 的原因是,1. We can draw the conclusion that 我们可以得出 2. From the changes in the charts, we can predict that 从图表的变化来看，我们可以预计 3. Personally /in my opinion /as far as Im concerned /as for me /on my persona
14、l note / from my point of view 依我之见,结尾的常用套语,写作内容 请根据这两个图表，用英语写一篇短文，内容包括： 1. 描述图表中变化明显的项目；2. 简要分析变化的原因；3. 由表格内容得出的结论。 写作要求 只能使用5个句子表达全部内容。,As can be seen from the two charts, in the past ten years, the college students who go traveling and make social investigation during summer vacation have increas
15、ed greatly while those who stay at home have decreased a lot. There are two maim reasons for the changes. For one thing, with the development of economy, many people have become rich, which makes it possible for students to get financial support from,their parents for traveling. And for another, the
16、 government has been encouraging college students to make social investigation on the rapid development in both cities and villages. From the changes in the charts, we can predict that more and more college students will make their summer vacation colorful and meaningful by going to the outside world instead of staying at home.,2. 市民休闲方式调查 上周，你市的一家报社对国庆长假期间市民的休闲方式进行了一项调查。以下调查结果的百分比情况。,原因分析： 1. 大多数市民觉得物价太高，生活大力大，没有太多的钱出游。 2. 一部分市民认为国庆期间游客太多，太拥挤。 3.
