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1、主谓一致讲解与练习主谓一致是初中阶段的重要语法项目之一，从近年来中考的试题来看，对主谓一致的考查主要集中在以下内容：1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语做主语时，谓语动词要用单数；主语为复数时，谓语用复数。2、由and或bothand连接的并列成分做主语时，谓语动词用复数。但并列主语如果指的是同一人、同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数。例如：The poet and writer has come.3、由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each, every, no修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。(用and连接的并列主语被each, every 或no修饰时,谓语动词用单数.)例如：In
2、 our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.4、主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有 but ,except, besides, with ，as well as（也 还有） ，together with， along with，like 等引导的介词短语时 ，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。（就远）例如：The woman with two children is my aunt .注意：主语和谓语之间插入了分词短语，谓语要与主语保持一致。Mr. Smith, followed by his wife an
3、d three children, has just arrived.5、一些只有复数形式的名词，如people, police(警察), cattle（牛）, clothes等做主语时，谓语动词要用复数。6、集体名词family, class, team, group 等看作整体时，谓语动词用单数；看作每一个成员时，谓语动词用复数。 7、 当表示国家，城市，人名，书名，报纸，杂志，及组织机构等的专有名词做主语时，作为整体，谓语动词用单数形式。 The New York Times is reading all over the United States . 8、 news ，maths，p
4、hysics ，politics等词貌似复数，实为单数，其谓语动词用单数.9 名词如:news,以ics 结尾的学科名称。如：physics,mathematics,economics; 国名如 theUnited States: 报纸名如 the New Times 书名如Arabian Nights; 以及The United Nations等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Physics is difficult for many people.9、“the +形容词”(如the poor ，the rich ，the young， the old ， the dead ，the sick，
5、the brave 等)做主语，谓语动词用复数10、由each, any, no, every 构成的复合代词做主语时，谓语动词都用单数。(each of + 复数代词, 谓语动词用单数。复数代词+each, 谓语动词用单数。)11、有两部分构成的物体的名词，如glasses, shoes, trousers, chopsticks, scissors 等做主语时，谓语动词用复数。注意：如果这类名词前用了a pair of等，则谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于pair的单复数形式。例如：Here are some new pairs of shoes.My new pair of socks i
6、s on the bed.12、表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词做主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。13、不定代词由all, most, more, some, any, none做主语时，也要依这些代词表示的意义来决定谓语动词的单复数形式。如果代词代表复数可数名词，谓语动词用复数；如果代词代表单数可数名词或不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。All of the work has been finished.All of the people have gone.14、疑问代词做主语时，其谓语动词也有两种情况：主语表示复数意义，谓语动词用复数；主语表示单数意义，则谓语动词用单数。Who is your
7、brother?Who are League members?15、分数(百分数)+of +名词做主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后面的名词的数。 但要注意population 一词，用作整体时，谓语动词用单数，用其部分做主语时，谓语动词形式用复数。Part of the work has been done by us .Ten percent of the apples were bad .The population of China is 13.6 billion and 70%of the population are peasants .16、half, the rest等表示不
8、定数量的名词做主语时，如果所指为复数意义，动词用复数；如果所指为单数意义，动词用单数。17、由what 引出的从句做主语时，通常谓语动词用单数形式。但如果所指内容为复数意义时，谓语动词用复数形式。18、由连词notbut, or, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also,等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，则谓语动词按就近一致原则，与最靠近它的主语一致。19、There be句型、以here开头的句子谓语动词和靠近的主语一致。 20、a number of后面加复数名词或代词，其动词用复数形式；但the number of后面加复数名词或代词时，
9、其谓语用单数。 21、“one or two +复数名词”做主语,谓语动词用复数。One or two days are enough to see thecity(一、两天的时间就够了)22、 many a 单数名词 (许多) ； more than one 单数名词(不止一)做主语，尽管意思是复数，但谓语动词还是用单数。注意： “more than +基数词复数名词”结构或“more 复数名词 than one做主语时，谓语用复数。 Many a ship has been damaged in the storm.More than twenty students are playing
10、 football on the playground.More members than one are against your plan. 23、this kind of book=a book of this kind(这种书)，做主语，谓语用单数；this kind of men=men of this kind=these kind of men(这类人，口语中用)，但this kind of men的谓语用单数，men of this kind=these kind of men的谓语用复数。all kinds of后跟复数名词，谓语用复数。This kind of men is
11、 dangerous.Men of this kind are dangerous.24、在定语从句中主语是关系代词who , that , which , 谓语动词的数应与先行词的数一致。注意：在“one of +复数名词+ who/that/which”引导的定语从句中，从句谓语的单复数取决于one前是否有the (only)、the very。如果有，从句的谓语动词用单数，如没有the only， 就用复数形式。This is one of the most interesting questions that have been asked.He was the only one of
12、 the students who was late for school.22 不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。如： Serving the people is my greatest happiness. 为人民服务是我最大的幸福. When well go out for an outing has been decided. 我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了23 none 做主语时,谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数：但在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数，因而谓语动词要用单数。 如：None of us are (is) perfect. 人无完人。None
13、of this worries me. 这事一点不使我着急。 Nothing but stamps and envelopes are left for sale. 24 加减乘除用单数Three times four is twelve.【技巧点拨】中考主谓一致方面的考题主要考知识的记忆情况。考查主谓一致的常见题型有单项选择，完型填空，翻译句子，单句改错，短文改错、同义句转换，时态填空等。做这类题时，必须找出句子的真正主语，然后根据记忆的知识做出判断。同时，要遵循三个原则：语法一致、意义一致和就近原则。【考例剖析】例 1：Each of the students_ a dictionary.
14、 A. have B. is C. are D. has 剖析：此题意思是“每个学生都有一本字典”，所以先排除B、C 。句中of students作each的定语，真正的主语是each，故又排除A 。答案：D例 2： How time flies! Ten years _ passed. A. have B. has C. is D. are剖析：Ten years通常被看作是一个时间整体，谓语动词用单数形式。答案：B例 3： Not only his parents but also his brother _to the Summer Palace. They havent been ba
15、ck. (2004南通)A. have been B. have gone C. has been D. has gone剖析：由not onlybut also连接两个并列主语，其谓语动词根据就近原则同相邻的主语保持一致，谓语动词应用单数形式。又因为他们还都没有回来，所以用has gone而不用has been。答案：D例 4：Look! There _ playing with the tourists on Dahe Square.(2004包头)A. are a number of deer B. are a number of deersC. is a number of deer D. is a number of deers剖析：句子的主语a number of deer。当a number of + 名词做主语时，谓语用复数。因此首先排除C、D，而deer单复数相同，所以B也不正确。答案：A例 5：The Smiths _ sending e-mai
