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1、1alternative adj. 替换的；供选择的 1)adj. 替换的；二者择一的；供选择的 The road was blocked, so we went by an alternative road. 这条路被封锁了，因此我们走了另一条路。 alternative energy 可替代能源 an alternative plan 替代方案 2)n. 二者择一；可供选择的办法/事物；选择余地 have no alternative but “除外别无选择；只好”，后接to do sth.。 They offered project alternatives to us. 他们向我们提供
2、了项目方案。,辨析：alternative与choice 1)alternative指在两者之间作出选择； 2)choice指一般意义上的选择。 Thats the only alternative. 没有选择余地。(没有第二个选择) Choice of the goal covers choice of the means. 目标的选择包含着手段的选择。 知识拓展 1)alternative无比较级形式。 2)alternate v. 轮流；交流；更迭；adj. 轮流的；可代替的；alter vt. 变更,即学即用 (1)When all the oil in the world has b
3、een used up, what_energy shall we rely on? Aoptional Bhopeful Cactive Dalternative (2)用alternative的适当形式完成句子 Besides this method, theres_(没有其他方法)to solve the problem. This Spring Festival I want to pay a visit to my home. But if I couldnt get the train ticket, I would take_(另一个计划)visiting the museum.
4、,答案：(1)D (2)no other alternative the alternative plan,2risky adj. 危险的；冒险的 Sailing across the Atlantic alone is a risky thing. 独自一人航行穿越大西洋是一件冒险的事。 链接： nyadj. bloodbloody 流血的 mudmuddy 泥泞的 sunsunny 阳光灿烂的 cloudcloudy 多云的 rainrainy 下雨的 snowsnowy 下雪的 windwindy 刮风的；多风的 tastetasty 美味的 iceicy 冰的；冷漠的 greedgre
5、edy 贪婪的 fatfatty 肥胖的 fogfoggy 有雾的,知识拓展 1)同义词：dangerous adj. 危险的 2)risk作动词时，后接名词或动名词，但不能接动词不定式。 3)at ones own risk 自担风险(同意不要求赔偿损失、损害等) at risk(in danger)处于危险之中；冒风险 at the risk of 冒的风险 at all risks/any risk 无论冒什么风险 face/run risks/a risk 冒险 take risks(a risk)to do. 冒险做,risk sth. 以为赌注 risk doing 冒险做 ris
6、k ones life to do sth. 冒着生命危险做 You have no right to take risks/a risk with other peoples lives. 你没有权利拿别人的生命去冒险。 You are running a risk in trusting him. 你信赖他要担风险。,即学即用 Huang Wen took many photos in Yugoslavia_.(冒着生命危险) 答案：at the risk of her life,3run n. 跑；奔；短途旅行 There are no stops on the run to the c
7、oast. 在去海滨的路途中没有车站。 vi. & vt. 1)跑；奔 He ran across the road. 他跑过了马路。 2)(机器)转动；运转 The engine runs well. 发动机运转良好。,3)延伸；继续 The road runs beside the river. 这条路沿着河边延伸。 4)经营；管理 Its said that they are running a restaurant abroad. 据说他们在国外经营一家餐馆。,知识拓展 in the long run 从长远的观点来看；毕竟；终究 in the short run 从短期来看；在短期内
8、 run across 无意间碰到 run after 追逐；追求 run against 撞上；违反 run away 逃跑 run away with (感情等)战胜；不受约束 run over (车辆)碾压；匆匆看一遍；游览 run into sb./sth. 偶遇某人/某物 run through 浏览 run out 逃开；用完,注意： 1)run out意为“用完了”，为不及物动词，主语通常为时间、金钱、食物等。 2)run out of意为“用完了”，为及物动词，表主动意义，主语一般为人。 Her money has been run_out_of and her patienc
9、e is also running_out. 她的钱已经用完了，她的耐心也要耗尽了。,高考直击 (1)(2008江西)Do you think we should accept that offer? Yes, we should, for we_such bad luck up till now, and time_out. Ahave had; is running Bhad; is running Chave; has been run Dhave had; has been run 解析：考查时态。由up till now确定第一空应用完成时态；排除B、C。run out为不及物动词，
10、无被动语态，排除D。 答案：A,(2)(2009全国)They use computers to keep the traffic_smoothly. Abeing run Brun Cto run Drunning 解析：本题题意：他们使用计算机来保持交通畅通无阻。keep表示“保持或继续处于的状态”，后接形容词，现在分词、过去分词、介词短语、名词以及副词等担任宾语补足语，但不能采用不定式(短语)。例如：Sorry to have kept you waiting so long. 对不起，让你久等了。此外，run表示“运转；运行”时，通常用作不及物动词。例如：The machine won
11、t run smoothly. 这台机器运转不灵。,答案：D,即学即用 (2009临沂模拟)They had to find a pool before the water they had in the bottle_. Aput out Bkept out Cran out Dused up 答案：C,4limit vt. & n. 1)vt. 限制；限定 Lets limit our discussion to this subject. 我们把讨论限制在这个题目上吧。 2)n. 限度；极限；界限；界线；限量 within the city limits 在该城范围内 He tried
12、my patience to its limits. 他把我逼得忍无可忍了。,知识拓展 within limits 适度地；有限度地 without limit 无限地；无限制地 to the limit 达到极点 set a limit to sth. 对规定限度 单词积累 limited adj. 有限的 limitless adj. 无限制的；无界限的；无止境的 limitation n. 限制；控制 My life is limited, but learning is limitless. 吾生也有涯，而知也无涯。,即学即用 (1)Is there any_to the time t
13、hat I can stay here? Yes. You must leave here before he comes back. Anumber Blength Climit Dmatter (2)We must set a limit_the expense of the trip. Aabout Bto Cin Dfor 答案：(1)C (2)B,5command n. & v. 命令；控制；指挥 You must obey the captains commands. 你必须服从船长的命令。 He has 1,200 men under his command. 他掌管着1,200
14、人。,链接：具有“建议、命令、坚持、要求”等意义的词，接从句时，要用虚拟语气，其谓语形式为“(should)v.”。 熟记下列顺口溜： 一坚持：insist 二命令：order, command 三建议：suggest, propose, advise 四要求：demand, desire, request, require He commanded that we(should)attack at once. 他命令我们立即发起进攻。,知识拓展 at command 掌握；可自由使用 at sb.s command 听某人支配 by sb.s command 受某人支配 command sb
15、. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 have a good command of 精通 in command of “某人统帅”，主语为人 in the command of “某物在某人的统治之下”，主语一般是物,一言辨异 “Who is in_command_of the army？”“The army is in_the_command_of general Brown.” “谁统率陆军？”“陆军由布朗将军统率。”,即学即用 用名词command的适当形式完成句子。 (1)Fire_(我一下令) (2)The army is_(由国王直接统率) (3)The king_(统帅)the army. (4)He has_(精通)German. (5)Captain Cook commanded that all the goods_into the sea. Ashould throw Bbe thrown Cthrew Dshould thrown,答案：(1)when I give the command (2)in the direct comman
