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1、Module 4 Great Scientists,The subjects and definitions,语文 Chinese The study of China, language and literature. 数学 Mathematics The science of numbers and of shapes. 英语 English English language and literature as a subject of study.,The subjects and definitions,物理 Physics The science concerned with the
2、 study of physical objects and substance, and of natural forces such as light, heat and movement. 化学 Chemistry The science that is concerned with studying the structure of substances and the way that they change. 生物 Biology The scientific study of living things.,The subjects and definitions,历史 Histo
3、ry The study of history. 地理 Geography The study of the countries, seas, rivers towns etc. of the world. 政治 Politics The study of political power and systems of government.,The subjects and definitions,音乐 Music The art of writing or playing music, music lessons. 美术 Art The use of painting, drawing et
4、c. to represent things or express ideas. 体育 PE Physical education, sports.,Alexander Bell electricity Thomas Edison the First telephone Wright Brothers the electric Lamp Madame Curie black holes in Universe Franklin Theory of Gravity Steven Hawking the First Plane Elbert Einstein Radium Isaac Newton
5、 the Theory of Relativity,Scientists & Contributions:,Archimedes (阿基米德),Warming up:,1. Which scientist discovered that objects in water are lifted up by a force that helps them float?,Ancient Greek (287-212BC),A mathematician,Charles Darwin,2. Who wrote a book explaining how animals and plants devel
6、oped as the environment changed?,the Origin of Species,Warming up:,“father of modern biology”,Marie Curie,Warming up:,5. Who discovered radium?,6. Who invented the way of giving electricity to everybody I large cities?,Thomas Edison,Leonardo da Vinci,7. Who was the painter that studied dead bodies t
7、o improve his painting of people?,Warming up:,Zhang Heng, Chinese (78- 139) He invented the first seismograph(测震 仪、地震仪) to indicate in the direction of an earthquake. It was in the shape of a cylinder(圆筒形) with eight dragonheads round the top, each with a ball in its mouth.,9. Who invented the earli
8、est instrument to tell people where earthquakes happened?,Warming up:,seismograph,Stephen Hawking, British (1942-) He has worked in astronomy and studied black holes in space. He has shown that black holes do not only absorb everything around them but, from time to time, throw out matter as well.,10
9、. Who put forward a theory about black holes?,Warming up:,Pre-reading,In the rice-growing world, there is a Chinese scientist, who developed the hybrid rice, which made Chinese rice production rise fast. Do you know who he is? What do you think he is like?,Yuan Longping,Read the text and try to answ
10、er the following questions.,1. What kind of student was Yuan Longping as a boy? 2. What way did he think of to produce rice more quickly? 3. What did he discover? 4. How important was the discovery? (1、2、3、4),Find out the topic sentences of each paragraph.,1.Yuan Longpingit is a leading figure in th
11、e rice-growing world. 2. As a boy he was called “ the students who asks questions” 3. From an early age he was interested in plants 4. His discoveries increased Chinese rice production. 5. As a result of Yuan Longpings discovery. 6. Its yield is much greater than the yield of other types of rice gro
12、wn in Pakistan.,Pre-reading:,infectious diseases : They can be spread to other people. They have an unknown cause. They are difficult to cure. They need public health care to solve them.,Pre-reading:,Skimming:,Who was the great scientist in the passage and what was the deadly disease of its day?,Joh
13、n Snow cholera,Cholera: It begins in the stomach and a severe case can lead to death without immediate treatment. And the victims died very quickly from a loss of liquid after severe vomiting(呕吐) and diarrhoea(腹泻).,Careful Reading:,John Snow was an doctor in London who Queen Victoria as her personal
14、 . He thought about helping ordinary people to cholera. Though the cause and the of it were unknown, he wanted to face the and solve the problem.,para.1,expert,attended,physician,exposed,cure,challenge,Careful Reading:,What were the two theories about the cause of cholera? Which did John Snow want t
15、o prove? What was his method of doing the research?,multiplied victims absorb,The second one.,To gather information in two particular streets.,para.2&3,Careful Reading:,para.4,What did he do with the results of his enquiry? What valuable clue did he get about the cause of the disease? What might be
16、the cause?,Marked on a map,Many of the deaths had no deaths.,It seemed that the water was to blame for cholera.,Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street.,Part of Snows Cholera Map,Careful Reading:,para.5,Why did he tell people to remove the handle from the pump? What happened after the handle was removed?,So that ,slowed down,Carefu
