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1、状语从句,1、时间状语从句 2、地点状语从句 3、原因状语从句 4、目的状语从句 5、结果状语从句 6、条件状语从句 7、方式状语从句 8、让步状语从句 9、比较状语从句,【精讲】,定义： 在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句，它可以用来修饰谓语或是整个句子。,准确掌握每一个连词的含义是掌握状语从句的关键。,状语从句的位置比较灵活，有时可以放于句首，有时可以置于句末。状语从句位于句首时，其后常用逗号与后面的句子隔开。 状语从句可以根据其用途分为： 时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、方式状语从句。,1.时间状语从句：
2、,引导时间状语从句的连词有：,when, while, as, the moment, before, after, till, until, since, as soon as 等。,请注意 when, while, as 的区别,When you were born, youre crying but lookers-on were smiling. When you are passing away, youre smiling but lookers-on are crying。 Man might think that few women fit him before his mar
3、riage, and contrarily when they get married。 Apart from tears, only time could wear everything away. While feeling is being processed by time, conflicts would be reconciled as time goes by, just like a cup of tea that is being continuously diluted。,1连接词when的用法小结 when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词 可以是可延续 也可以是表短暂性动作的
4、动词(非延续性)。 如When the film ended, the people went back. When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore. 2. 可用作并列连词，其意义为“那时，这时”，相当于 and at this/that time。常用于下列句式： (刚要这时突然) 记忆 Sb. was doing something was about to do sth + when was on the point of doing sth. had just done sth .,如果when引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语相
5、同， 而从句的谓语又是be动词时， 那么从句中的主语和be可以省略； 当when引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语相同时， 往往还可以用“when分词”的形式替代该状语从句。例如： When (you are) in trouble, ask her for help. When I came into the room(=When coming into the room), I found him lying there asleep. 、,I was walking along the street , when I met him I was about to fall asleep
6、when my sister came in. 3. 还可以表示原因“既然”，相当于since; considering that。 如： Why do you walk when you have a car? 既然你有车为什么要步行呢？,1. while引导的动作必须是持续性的，在期间，往往指一段时间。如： While we were talking, he came in. Please dont talk so loud while others are working. Study while you study; play while you play. 该学习的时候就学习， 该玩
7、的时候就玩。 I met her while I was at school. 当我在学校的时候我遇见了她。 2. while作为并列连词，意为“而，却”，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。We are cleaning the classroom while they are playing the football. 3. while可表示尽管，相当于although。,2 连接词while的用法小结,while 含义： While I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend. ( while =_) He likes
8、pop music, while I am fond of folk music. ( while =_) While I really dont like art, I find his work impressive. (while=_) While there is life there is hope. (while=_),when,although,as long as,but,连接词when, while, as的用法区别： 1while引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词必须是可延续的， 而when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词是可延续的，也 可以是表短暂性动作的动词。如：When/Whi
9、le he was eating his breakfast, he heard the doorbell ring. When I stopped my car, a man came up to me. (不可延续，短暂性动词，只可以用when，不可用while) 2表示“随着”，连词用as，不用when或while。如： As the day went on, the weather got worse.,3如果主句表示的是短暂动作，而从句用延续性动作的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时，when, while 与as 可互换使用。如： When/While/As I was wa
10、lking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine. 4.从句动作发生在主句动作之前时，只能用when引导这个从句，不可用as或while。 如 When you have finished your work, you may have a rest. When the children had gone to bed, she began to prepare her lessons.（这个时候的 when= after）,True or False When he woke up，it was eight oclock.（
11、） While he woke up，it was eight oclock.（） When I was waiting for a bus，I met her.（） While I was waiting for a bus，I met her.（）,1当我们到达火车站时，天正下着雪。 _ 2孩子们正在做游戏，突然铃响了。 _ 3爸爸在洗车时，妈妈在做饭。 _ 4琳达正在跑步时伤了自己的左腿。 _ 5我们在西安时，每天见面。 _,Key: 1When we got to the train station，it was snowing 2The children were playing g
12、ames when the bell rang 3While dad was washing his car，mum was cooking 4When While Linda was running，she hurt her left leg 5When While we were in Xian，we met every day,until （即是介词又是连词）要区分开哪种情况是介词及连词,一 介词 prep. 1. 直到.时,到.为止 Will this fish keep until tomorrow? 这鱼能搁到明天吗? 2. (用于否定句)在.之前,直到.才 She didnt g
13、o to bed until eleven oAlock. 她直到十一点才上床睡觉。,连接词 conj. 1. 直到.时,到.为止 You can wait here until help comes.你可以在这里等，直到有人来帮你。 2. (用于否定句)在.以前,直到.才 She didnt go to bed until her daughter came back. 她一直等到女儿回来才去睡觉。 You cant leave until I come back.。直到我回来你才可以离开 “notuntil”意思是：“直到才” 表示在这个界限之前一直没有发生这个动作 “until”意思是：
14、“直到” 表示这个动作一直延续到这个界限出现时。,易错点：将“notuntil”句型翻译成了否定句，如上句：直到我回来你不可以离开） wait、keep是延续性动词，所以用肯定形式；而go to bed、leave是非延续性动词，所以用否定形式。 用“until”还是“notuntil”要看谓语动词是延续性还是非延续性动词,对notuntil的强调结构为“It is / was not until that ”虽然两者都有not进行了否定，但中文要译成肯定“直到才” It was not until yesterday that I noticed it. =I didnt notice it
15、 until yesterday. 直到昨天我才注意到此事。 It was not until I saw Mary that I felt happy. =I didnt feel happy until I saw Mary 直到见到玛丽我才高兴起来。 It is / was not until + 从句 + that +主句 Not until放在句首，该句型中的主句用倒装结构，until引导的从句不要倒装。Not until+从句+倒装的主句 It was _ I went there _ I began to know something about the matter. 直到我到那里我才了解那件事。A. until; when B.until; that C.not until; that D.not when;that （正确为C）,since, as soon as 在it is/ has been +段时间+since从句中，时间的计算从since从句的动作完成或状态结束时算起。如： It is three years since she was in our class. It is t
