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1、第 12 讲 主谓一致,20102012 年广东省卷考点一览表,语法一致原则,1主语是不可数名词、单数名词(或代词)时，谓语动词用 单数；主语是复数名词(或代词)时，谓语动词用复数。 2and 或 both.and.连接名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词,通常用复数。,3当主语后面跟有 with, without, together with, along with, except, besides, but, as well as, like, including 等介词短语时，谓 语动词与前面的主语保持一致(即“就远原则”)。,4动词不定式、动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 5由不定代词 eit
2、her, neither, each, one, everyone, someone,anyone, no one, somebody, anybody, everybody, something,anything, nothing, everything 等作主语或修饰主语时，谓语动词 通常用单数。如：,Everybody is here.所有人都到齐了。,Each boy was given an apple just now. 刚才每个男生都得到了一个苹果。,中考链接 Both Li Lei and Han Meimei _ fond of the TV program A Bite o
3、f China. I am also deeply moved by its stories！(2012 年广东)考 点 1,Ais,Bam,Cwas,Dare,【答案】D both.and.连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词 用复数。故选 D。,Thanks to the organisation, some money _ given to,the poor children.(2012 年广东佛山),考点 1,Awas,Bwere,Care,【答案】A money 是不可数名词，故选 A。,【答案】B 由时间状语 every year 可排除 C、D 项；当主 语后跟有 with 介词短语时
4、，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致。 主语 Robert 是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用单数。,意义一致原则,1news 以及科目名称 maths, physics, politics 等，本身不表,示复数意义，作主语时谓语动词用单数。,2trousers, shoes, glasses, pants 等为复数名词，作主语时谓 语动词用复数。但当它们前面有 pair of, kind of 等量词修饰时， 则根据量词的单复数来确定谓语动词的单复数形式。如：,This kind of shoes is new.这种款式的鞋子是新的。,My new shoes are very beautiful. 我
5、的新鞋很漂亮。,3表示时间、长度、距离、价格、金钱、重量等的短语作 主语时，常表示一个整体概念，谓语动词通常用单数。 4集体名词如 family, class, group, team 等作主语，表示整 体时谓语动词用单数，表示集体中的具体成员时谓语动词用复 数。如：,The class wins the prize.这个班获得了奖项。,The class are all carefully reading books. 全班学生都在认真地读书。,5某些名词如 people (people 指“民族”时除外), police 等， 形式上是单数但意义上是复数，作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。,6“
6、the形容词”(表示一类人)和“the姓氏的复数形 式”(表示夫妇或一家人)作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 7分数、百分比及 some, half of, part of, lots of, the rest of 等后接单数名词或不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；接 复数名词时，谓语动词用复数。,8“a number of复数可数名词”表示“许多”，作 主语时，谓语动词用复数；“the number of复数可数名词”表 示“的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。,中考链接 What does the fresh juice contain? _of the juice _ orange.Its
7、 very pure.,(2012 年广东深圳) AFour-fifth; are CFour-fifth; is,考点2 BFour-fifths; are DFour-fifths; is,Where _ my glasses? I cant find them.(2011 年广,东茂名),考点2,A. is,Bare,Cwas, The number of teachers in our school _ greatly increased last term.A number of teachers in this school _,from the countryside.(2011
8、 年广东河源),考点2,A. swas; is Cwere; are,Bwas; are Dwere; is,就近原则,1在 there be 句型和以 here 开头的句子中，谓语动词与,靠近它的主语保持一致。,2 either.or., neither.nor., not only.but also., or, not.but.等结构连接并列主语时，谓语动词与靠近它的主语保 持一致。,中考链接 Either Ted or Bob _ good enough to be a member,of the school team.(2012 年广东茂名),考点3,Ais,Bare,Cbecome
9、,_ the parents _ the son is enjoying the film.,(2012 年广东茂名),考点3,ABoth; and BNeither; or CNot only; but also 【答案】C 根据后面的 be 动词 is 可排除 A 项；B 项形式 错误；not only.but also.连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词遵 循就近原则，故选 C。,David, there _ a dictionary and some books on your desk.Please put them away.,OK.Mum.Ill do it right away.(
10、2011 年广东),考点3,A. is,Bare,Chas,Dhave,【答案】A there be 句型中，谓语动词与靠近它的主语保 持一致，故选 A。,1and 连接的两个名词指同一个人时谓语动词的单复数,典例,The writer and singer _ to the party.,Aare invited Bis invited Chave invited Dhas invited,易错分析：考生易根据 and 而错选 A 项或 C 项。,思路点拨：当主语是由and 连接的两个名词，且指同一个 人或物时，谓语动词用单数。可根据the的数量来判断，the writer and sing
11、er意为“那个作者与歌手兼于一身的人”，指一个人； the writer and the singer 意为“那个作家和那个歌手”，指两个 人。本题题意：那位作家兼歌手被邀请参加派对。根据题意可 知应用被动语态，故正确答案为 B。,2and 连接的名词被 each, every 或 no 修饰时谓语动词的 单复数,典例,Each boy and each girl _ a good time at the,party at that moment.,Awere having,Bwas having,Chad,Dhas,易错分析：考生易根据 and 而错选 A 项或 C 项。 思路点拨：当主语是
12、由 and 连接的名词，且被 each, every 或 no 修饰时，谓语动词用单数。本题中根据时间状语 at that moment 可知应用进行时，故正确答案为 B。,(,)1.He, together with his parents, _ going to,visit Shanghai in July.How about you? Im afraid I have to stay at home _.(2011 年广东深圳),A. are; on my own Cis; by my own,Bis; by myself Dare; on myself,(,)2.Zhang Lili
13、is very brave and she _ “The Most,Beautiful Teacher”(2012 年福建南平) Ais called Bcalls Care called,(,)3._ of his parents work in a city, so he lives,with his grandparents in a village.(2012 年福建南平) ANeither BNone CBoth,(,)4._ Tony _ Frank likes the CD.They,think the music is too noisy.(2012 年上海),ANeither
14、; nor CBoth; and,BEither; or DNot only; but also,【答案】A 由 likes 可排除 C 项，又根据后一句“他们觉 得这音乐太吵”可知是两人都不喜欢，故选 A。,(,)5.Which would you prefer, orange juice or coffee?,Either _ OK, but I prefer coffee _ milk.(2012 年湖北黄石),Aare; with Care; to,Bis; with Dis; to,【答案】B 题意：“你更喜欢哪个，橙汁还是咖啡？”“两 个都行，但我喜欢加牛奶的咖啡。”either
15、两者中任一个，其作 主语时谓语用单数，可排除 A、C 项；又根据题意所问，是在橙 汁与咖啡之间作比较，所以若回答“比起牛奶更喜欢咖啡”不符 合逻辑。故正确答案为 B。,(,)6.A number of volunteers _ willing to teach,in Chinas rural areas. Yes, the number is getting _.(2012 年湖北孝感) Ais; bigger and bigger Bare; bigger and bigger Cis; more and more Dare; more and more 【答案】B “a number of可数名词”作主语时，谓语动 词用复数，可排除 A、C 两项。修饰 number 应用 big，故选B。,(,)7.How time flies! Several years _ since we started,our middle school life.We will keep the pleasant experiences in our minds.(2012 年黑龙江哈尔滨),A
