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1、2017年高考题【2017北京卷】21. Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, _ easily reach the books on the top shelf.A. must B. should C. can D. need【答案】C考点：考查情态动词【名师点睛】常用的情态动词有can，may，must，need, should等1. can 的用法： 表示能力 “能，会” eg: He can speak a little Japanese.他会说一点日语。 表示请求或许可 “可以” eg: Can I help you? 要我帮忙吗? 表示猜测 “
2、可能” eg: Where can she go now? 她可能到哪里去了呢? 2.may 的用法：表示请求或允许 “可以”“准许” eg: May I go home，please?请问我可以回家吗? 表示可能性 “ 可能”、也许” eg: I think it may rain this afternoon. 我想今天下午可能下雨。 注：might为may的过去式，但也可以代替may，语气较为婉转客气或更加不肯定。 eg: He might not come today.今天他也许不来了。(语气不肯定) You might also get a headache when you wor
3、k too hard，当你工作太努力时，你也可能患头痛3. must的用法： 表示义务、必要或命令 “必须、应该” eg: You must come early tomorrow你明天得早来。 表示推测时“肯定，一定” eg: They must be at home.The light is on 他们肯定在家,灯亮着呢. must not 禁止，不许 eg: You must not tell lies. 你不许撒谎。 注意： must开头的疑问句，其否定回答通常用 dont have to 或neednt 。而不用mustnt eg: -Must I finish my homewor
4、k first? 我必须先完成作业吗？ -No, you dont have to/ neednt. 不，你不必。 can 和 must在 表推测时，can一般否定句中，而must 常用于肯定句中。 eg: It can not be Li Lei 那个人不可能是李磊 It must be Li Lei 那个人肯定是李磊。4. need 的用法： 情态动词 “需要, 有必要”一般用于否定句或疑问句中。 eg: You neednt come here this afternoon.你今天下午不必来。 行为动词 “需要, 有必要” 可以用于各种句式中。eg: You dont need to g
5、o now. 你不必现在就走。 I need to have a rest. 我需要休息一下 Do we need to finish all the work today? 我们今天需要完成所有的工作吗？need的用法的助记口诀：实义动词表“需要”，后接名、代、不定式。 need后接动名词，主动形式表被动。情态动词表“需要”，没有人称 数之变。 其后直接加动原，多用疑问与否定。【2017北京卷】34. If the new safety system _ to use, the accident would never have happened. A. had been put B. we
6、re put C. should be put D. would be put【答案】A考点：考查虚拟语气。【名师点睛】英语中的三种语气，语气是动词的一种形式，用来说明我们对自己的话所采取的态度。1、 陈述语气（疑问，否定，肯定，感叹）2、 祈使语气（命令，要求，建议，警告）3、 虚拟语气：不可能发生的事，愿望，建议，与事实相反的假设等.1、 虚拟语气在条件中的具体用法真实条件句If you work hard,youll surely pass the exam.虚拟条件句（假设情况不存在，实现机会很小）If I were a bird, I could fly freely in the
7、sky.if从句的谓语动词主句谓语动词1.与现在事实相反动词过去式（be一律用were）would/could/might/should+动词原形2.与过去事实相反had done would/could/might/should+have done3.与将来事实可能相反a.动词过去式（be一律用were）b.should+动词原形（不能用would）c.were to+动词原形would/could/might/should+动词原形1. 与现在事实相反if从句：动词过去式（be-were）主句：would/could/might/should+动词原形If we had time, we
8、would go with you.If I were you, I shouldnt do that.If it werent raining, we wouldnt stay.2. 与过去事实相反if从句：had done主句：would/could/might/should+have doneIf the teacher hadnt helped us, we couldnt have succeeded.I could have done it better if I had been more careful.If he hadnt been ill, he might have c
9、ome.3.与将来事实可能相反if从句：a.动词过去式（be一律用were） b.should+动词原形（不能用would） c.were to+动词原形主句：would/could/might/should+动词原形If he came tomorrow, I would tell him everything.If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home and watch TV.If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.Should he come tomorrow, plea
10、se give the book to him.4. 错综时间条件句(有时时间会省略）学科5. 含蓄条件句有时虚拟条件不用if条件从句，而用介词或介词短语来表示。They would not be able to live without him.（如果没有）He would have failed but for his teachers timely advice.（要不是）=if it had not been forIf only you had worked with greater care!(要是.就好了）You would have done the same thing in
11、 her position.With a little more care you could have avoid the traffic accident.6. 虚拟结合条件句在虚拟语气中，假设的情况有时间可以通过上下文或其他方式表现出来，并且虚拟的情况和真实的情况同时存在。I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the singing competition.（实-虚）=I was ill that day. If I hadnt been ill that day, I would have taken par
12、t in the singing competition.He would have bought the piano, but he didnt have enough money.（虚-实）=He would have bought the piano if he had had enough money, but in fact he didnt have enough money. 7. 省略if倒装条件句在虚拟语气中，if从句假设的情况中如果有助动词had, should和were，那么可省略if，把had, should和were放在句首构成倒装，简称省略if倒装条件句。If he
13、 had finished the work yesterday, he would have gone to the concert with you. =Had he finished the work yesterday, he would have gone to the concert with you.If I were you, I wouldnt do that. =were I you, I wouldnt do that.If I should meet him, I would tell him about it. =Should I meet him, I would
14、tell him about it.【2017江苏卷】22. _ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.A. It were B. Were it C. It was D. Was it【答案】B【解析】【名师点睛】在虚拟语气中，be动词只能用were；虚拟条件句省去连词if时，从句主谓部分倒装：Were/Had/Should+主语+谓语动词.e.g. Were I Tom, I would refuse. 如果我是汤姆，我会拒绝。I will go, should it be necessary. 假若有必要，我会去的。Had it not been for the bad weather we would have arrived in time. 若不是天气坏，我们就准时到达了。若条件从句为否定句，否定词not应置于主语之后，而不能与were, should, had 等缩略成Werent, Shouldnt, Hadnt置于句首。考点：考查虚拟语气和倒装【2017天津卷】2. My room is a mess,
