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1、公示语的翻译,Translating Public Signs,1. 了解公示语的含义及背景知识 2. 了解公示语的语言特点 3. 掌握公示语的翻译技巧 4. 掌握商务翻译中的词类转换技巧,What are the public signs,公示语是为公众提供各种告示、提示、指示、显示、警示灯信息的图形、文字、标识的综合体。 公示语又称标志语、标识语等 A board giving information, warning, etc.,Directive Public Signs: First Aid (指示性） Informatory Public Signs: Out of Stock ;
2、Under Repair Cautionary Public Signs: Caution! Wet floor Mandatory Public Signs: Vendors prohibited Public slogans: Better City Better Life Welcome home,Language Characters,The use of nouns: Caution: pedestrians Short & concise: Passengers only (送客止步） Footpath closed(边道封闭）,Examples,Shopping Signs Un
3、der Construction Temporarily Closed.内部施工，暂停开放 No Refund, No Exchange票已售出，概不退换 Souvenir Shop 旅游纪念品商店 Deal Direct with Manufacturer at Special Price厂家特价直销 20% off八折优惠,Names of Places,锦江乐园Jinjiang Amusement Park 静安新城 Jingan New City 南京东路East Nangjing Road 北三环 North Third Ring 玉佛寺Jade Buddha Temple 三元桥
4、Sanyuan Overpass,Traffic Signs,Bend Ahead. Slow Down! 前方弯路慢行 Slow down, Look around, and Cross 一慢二看三通过 Speed Limit, 30 km/h 限速：每小时30公里,Institution Names,Ministry of Land and Resource 国土资源部 Department of Justice司法厅 Chinese Academy of Social Science 中国社会科学院,Traveling Signs,Three Pool Mirroring the Moo
5、n三潭印月 World Natural and Cultural Heritage Site世界自然与文化遗产 Underground Passage 地下通道 Dead End 禁止通行,Public Slogans,Power to the people 一切权力归人民 Say No to Drug and Protect Your Life 拒绝毒品珍爱生命 One World One Dream 同一个世界，同一个梦想,公示语的翻译现状,C-E Signs Research Center ( Beijing International Studies University) 北京第二外
6、国语学院公示语翻译研究中心 对全国公示语翻译与使用现状进行调查,了解外籍人士对公示语翻译与使用的满意度和需求,比较中外在公示语的翻译与使用方面的异同 。,受访者对中国英语公示语的认可度,中外关注的错误类型对比,公示语翻译实例 e.g. Misguiding,e.g. Misunderstanding,e.g. Word for word rendering,e.g. Incomprehensible,乘梯须知 MULTIPLY BY STEPS BEARD KNOW 红眼病监测站Disease of jealousy inspection station,e.g. Word order,e.g
7、. 9,Misspelled English Words,Omitting,患心脏病、高血压、酗酒者忌座”. Anyone who with heart disease, high blood, please dont get on. No recommendation for people suffering from heart diseases, high blood pressure or the effects of over drinking. 肇庆市公安局报警中心 Zhaoqing City Center of Reporting to the Police Police Rep
8、ort Center (of Zhaoqing City),e.g. Failures on Principles of Politeness,旅客登记时，须凭足以证明本人身份的有效证件，并说明住宿原因。旅客必须遵守宾馆饭店的规章制度，服从工作人员的管理，爱护饭店的公共财物。对违反上述规定的旅客，饭店有权责成改正。 Guests are requested to show their own valid papers to prove their identities and to tell the reason for lodging when they cheek in at the ho
9、tel. Every guest has the obligation to abide by the rules and regulations of the hotel, cooperate with the personnel in carrying out their duties and take care of the property in the hotel. The authority of the hotel has the right to reason with anyone who has violated the regulations mentioned abov
10、e. Please help us to speed up your check-in by presenting your ID card. Our guests are kindly expected to heed the rules and regulations. Your cooperation will be appreciated in making our service effectively.,e.g. 13 Failures on Taboos,严禁随地吐痰、便溺 Dont spit, piss and shit everywhere ,e.g. 15 Unclarit
11、y,非紧急情况 请止步 No Entry On Peacetime 应急买票 Buy Ones Ticket After Normal Time 寻人广播 Look For Broadcast 代客邮寄 Substitute Mailing,e.g. 16 Wrong use of words,天涯海角 The End of the World End of the Earth/Lands End 欢迎您再来！Welcome you again! We look forward to seeing you again. 民族园 Racist Park The Ethnic Minorities
12、 Park,在公示语功能特色和语言风格的基础上，刘法公（2008）以纽马克的文本分类作为理论依据，试提出公示语汉英翻译三原则：统一（consistency）、简洁（conciseness）和易懂（comprehensibility）。这三个翻译标准基本上能反映公示语独特的社会功能和语言特征，能满足公示语汉英翻译标准问题的特殊需要。,公示语汉英翻译的原则,游客止步,Guest go no further,“Stop”, “guest, stop here”,Passengers, stop here!”,令人疑惑的公示牌英语,“旅客止步”统一到英语国家的说法,“旅客止步”在英语国家的通用说法是S
13、taff Only，而非Tourists, Please Stop之类的译文。Staff Only这个译文是逆向翻译法的结果。类似表达还有： 员工专用 =Staff Only； 公交车专用 =Buses Only， 贵宾专用 =VIP Only/ Distinguished Guests Only； 会员俱乐部 =Members Only； 专用停车位 =Authorized Cars Only； 警车专用停车位 =Police Cars Only； 请绕行此路 =Arrow Only； 超车道= Overtaking Only。 这类公示语的翻译“统一”原则就是要我们把公示语统一到英语国际惯
14、例上，避免根据汉语句式特点翻译时望文生义。这是一种模仿和借鉴。,贵宾候车室 原译：Distinguished Guests Wait for a Bus at the Place 这是杭州汽车东站候车室的一条公示语。原译把简明标识翻译成了一个完整的句子，这不符合公示语简明扼要的特点。原译还给外国旅客一种不舒服的感觉，好象车站把旅客分成了几等。要消除这一误会，我们运用“简洁”原则，试改译为：Reserved Waiting-room。“reserved”是“distinguished”的委婉表达。至于原译中的“guests”、“wait for a bus”和“at the place”皆为多余
15、文字。该公示语赫然醒目地挂在汽车站候车室的门口，就不必要再强调“旅客”“在这里”“等汽车”。,软席、硬席 原译：Soft Seat，Hard Seat 火车的“软席、硬席”属于中国特色，英美的火车通常无此区分。国内许多车站，如，上海站的译法是“Soft Seat”和“Hard Seat”，但这样的译法会让许多外国旅客吃惊，搞不清车上的座位到底有多“软”，到底有多“硬”。在“易懂”原则的指导下，我们试将“软席、硬席”翻译成“Cushioned Seat”和“Ordinary Seat”。“cushioned seat”是指有垫子的座位，当然就是“软”席；“ordinary seat”则是普通的、没有垫子的座位，自然就是“硬”席了。这样的译法也许有不忠实之嫌，但却能让英语者看懂，能起到指示作用。,Nominalization； 免费送货服务 Free delivery service 钱款当面点清 离柜概不负责 Complete transaction before leaving the counter,The optimization of economic structure has become one of the most important tasks in this newly-established special economic zone.,
