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1、加拿大 里贾纳大学 地质系 卿海若 May 22, 2012,Shale gas (oil) Reservoirs: factors that influence reservoirs quality with respect to gas/oil in place and deliverability,Content,Unconventional oil and gas Shale reservoirs: heterogeneous Factors that influence gas in place and pore systems Factors that influence deli
2、verability (fractures and pore system) General applications to WCSB,Continuous-type gas & oil accumulations Resource play,Integrated cross-plot of permeability vs. porosity showing flow units for conventional, tight gas, and shale gas reservoirs based on rp35 pore throat values. F = Fayettville, HR
3、= Horn River, B = Barnett. Viscous flow is dominant in conventional and tight gas reservoirs down to microport size. Diffusion-based flow dominates at the nanoport scale, typical of shale reservoirs.,Content,Unconventional oil and gas Shale reservoirs: geological setting and heterogeneous Factors th
4、at influence gas in place and pore systems Factors that influence deliverability (fractures and pore system) General applications to WCSB,Shale play comparison (source of the above numbers provided by U.S. Department of Energy, 2009).,Factors that influence shale reservoirs,Content,Unconventional oi
5、l and gas Shale reservoirs: heterogeneous Factors that influence gas in place and pore systems Factors that influence deliverability (fractures and pore system) General applications to WCSB,Occurrence of gas in shales,Size of the Shale Resource: (Original Gas-in-Place) Porosity Pore size Lithology T
6、OC Thermal maturity of the rock Reservoir T and P,SEM backscatter image showing the presence of pores within Organic matter, with likely formed as a result of hydrocarbon generation (Image provided by R.Reed to Ruppel and louck,2008),SAXS：Small-angle X-ray scattering (X射线散射电镜）,SAXS：Small-angle X-ray
7、 scattering (X射线散射电镜）,Low P isotherm-低压等温 吸附分析: 描述了在恒温下，可吸附在表面的气体体积 与 压力的函数关系。描述了一个地层能够储存多少气体以及该气体释放得多快,BJH是一种计算方法，通过N2的吸脱附实验，得到孔体积数据，再利用BJH来计算样品孔的分布情况，得到孔径与孔体积的相对关系。,Size of the Shale Resource: (Original Gas-in-Place) Porosity Pore size Lithology TOC and type of OM Thermal maturity of the rock Rese
8、rvoir T and P,Size of the Shale Resource: (Original Gas-in-Place) Porosity Pore size Lithology TOC Thermal maturity of the rock Reservoir T and P,Size of the Shale Resource: (Original Gas-in-Place) Porosity Pore size Lithology TOC Thermal maturity of the rock Reservoir T and P,Size of the Shale Reso
9、urce: (Original Gas-in-Place) Porosity Pore size Lithology TOC Thermal maturity of the rock Reservoir T and P,Content,Unconventional oil and gas Shale reservoirs: heterogeneous Factors that influence gas in place and pore systems Factors that influence deliverability (fractures, pore, rock fabric) G
10、eneral applications to WCSB,Integrated cross-plot of permeability vs. porosity showing flow units for conventional, tight gas, and shale gas reservoirs based on rp35 pore throat values. F = Fayettville, HR = Horn River, B = Barnett. Viscous flow is dominant in conventional and tight gas reservoirs d
11、own to microport size. Diffusion-based flow dominates at the nanoport scale, typical of shale reservoirs.,The flow of gas in shale matrix is controlled by diffusion/darcy flow. The multi-frac technique is trying to improve the flow in the shale via artificial fractures.,泊松比 V 材料在单向受拉或受压时，横向正应变与轴向正应变
12、的绝对值的比值; 杨氏模量E: 是描述固体材料抵抗形变能力的物理量。,Content,Unconventional oil and gas Shale reservoirs: heterogeneous Factors that influence gas in place and pore systems Factors that influence deliverability (fractures and pore system) General applications to WCSB,Matrix porosity & K,Conclusions,Shale gas is relat
13、ed to complicated and heterogeneous reservoirs!,Size of the Shale Resource: (Original Gas-in-Place) Porosity Pore size Lithology TOC Thermal maturity of the rock Reservoir T and P,The flow of gas in shale matrix is controlled by diffusion/darcy flow. The multi-frac technique is trying to improve the flow in the shale via artificial fractures.,谢谢大家,
