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1、被动语态复习,一、被动语态的定义： 语态是动词的一种形式，用以表示主语和谓语之间的关系。当主语是谓语动作的执行者，则为主动语态；当主语是谓语动作的承受者，则为被动语态。 被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。,1.They make shoes in that factory.,三、主动语态变被动语态,Shoes,are made,(by them),in that factory.,一般现在时的被动语态构成 ： S(主语）+am/is /are +过去分词,2. They bought ten computers last term,Ten computers were
2、bought (by them) last term. 一般过去时：S+was/were +过去分词,3.They will finish the work in ten days.,The work will be finished (by them) in ten days. 一般将来时： S+ will+be+过去分词,4. Some workers are painting the rooms now,The rooms are being painted by some workers now. 现在进行时： S+ am/is/are + being +过去分词,5I was doi
3、ng my homework at 8:00 last night,My homework was being done (by me) at 8:00 last night. 过去进行时： S+ was/were+being+过去分词,6We have made twenty more keys,Twenty more keys have been made by us. 现在完成时： S+ have/has + been+过去分词,7.By the end of next week, we will have finished the work.,By the end of next we
4、ek, the work will have been finished by us.,将来完成时态的被动语态： S + will have been done,8Ling Feng can take good care of Polly ,Polly can be taken good care of by Ling Feng . 情态动词： S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词,Practice,先将主动句改为被动句，再把被动句变为一般疑问句与否定句 1People grow wheat in North China 2They bought ten compu
5、ters last term 3. Next week we will hold a sports meeting.,4Some workers are painting the classrooms now 5We have made twenty more beds 6Ling Feng can take good care of Polly. 7I was doing my homework at 8：00 last night,何时使用被动语态呢？ 1、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。例如： Football is played all over the world
6、,2、汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。 例如： Wei Hua is asked to come by Lin Tao 魏华是被林涛叫来的。,3.固定短语不要忘介词 Eg. She takes good care of the child. -The child is taken good care of by her.,4、如主动句含间宾和直宾双宾语,变被动时有何变化呢？ Eg. We gave him a warm welcome. -He was given a warm welcome. -A warm welcome was given to him.,间宾（人）作被动句的主语，一切
7、依旧；而直宾（物）作主语，则须在间宾前添加to或for。加to的动词多为give，send，bring，teach，show，pass，write，ask，tell等；加for的动词有make， draw，buy等。,5. feel，hear，listen to，let，make，have， see，notice，look at，watch,observe（即常言道“一感二听三让四看见”）被动要还原to。,I saw a stranger enter the room. -A stranger was seen to go upstairs.,Pay attention: I heard my
8、 neighbor singing a song. -My neighbour was heard singing a song.,6.vi.,vt.,如用被动强调人为,Eg. Johns English has improved. Johns English has been improved.,7、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等时。例如： People say that the book has been translated into English. -It is said that the book has been translated into Engli
9、sh. It was reported that her mother died of SARS. 众所周知 It is well known that 据推测说 It is supposed that ,8. 被动与系表结构的区别 Eg. The glass was broken by my son.(动作） The glass was broken（状态） Eg. He was much excited by the news. He was very excited.,Exercises,1.People use knives for cutting things. Knives _ _
10、 for cutting things. 2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month. The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month.,are used,are,cleaned,(变被动语态）,3.I found the ticket on the floor. _ _ _ _ on the floor. 4.I told her to return the book in time. She _ _ to return the book in time.,
11、The ticket was found,was told,5. His doctor made him have only two meals a day. He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day. 6.Now people can use computers to help them. Now computers _ _ _ to help them.,was made to have,can be,used,7. Did you plant many trees at this time last year? _ _ _ _ at this time last t
12、ime? 8.Must we finish our work today? _ our work_ _ today?,Were many trees planted,Must be finished,9. The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps. 1) _ _ _ some wonderful stamps. 2) Some wonderful stamps _ _ _ _.,we were given,were,given to us,10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer.
13、 Tom _ _ to turn on the computer. 11.In this factory women do most of the work. Most of the work _ _ by women in this factory.,was asked,is done,12.He can mend the bike in two days. The bike _ _ _ in two days. 13.You must take this medicine three times a day. This medicine _ _ _ three times a day.,c
14、an be mended,must be,taken,14.The students in this school study German. German _ _ by the students in this school. 15.Do they often talk about this question? _ this question often _ about _ _?,is studied,Is,talked,by them,16.Someone must help me move away the heavy bag. I must _ _ to move away this
15、heavy bag. 17.Was the window broken by Tom?（变为主动语态） _ Tom_ the window?,be helped,Did break,18.The tractor wasnt driven out of the road. He_ _ the tractor out of the road. 19.Doesnt Bob clean the street every day? _ the street _ by Bob every day?,didnt drive,Isnt cleaned,20.What can they do to finish
