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1、2012年中考英语语法复习-非谓语动词考点提示1. 非谓语动词，即不能在句子中单独作谓语的动词，包括：不定式，动名词等。2. 非谓语动词是中考必考点，主要涉及： 不定式作主语，定语，宾语，状语，宾语补足语； 动名词作主语，宾语；3. 常见考试题型：词形转换，动词填空和选择填空；考点详解1. 不定式：在中考复习时要侧重不定式作宾语，宾语补足语的用法。作主语：掌握it在下列结构中做形式主语的用法，句中真正的主语是不定式It+be+形容词+(for/of sb.)+to do sth.It takes(took)sb. Some time to do sth.做定语: 不定式做定语只能置于所修饰的名
2、词或代词之后,在含有下列动词的句式中常出现不定式做定语的情况:I find（want，have，get）something to do （something 都是后置定语不定式do的宾语）作宾语（中考复习重点）复习时应注意以下3种情况：在下列常用动词之后，只能跟不定式作宾语。Want,/ hope,/ wish, /decide, /would like,/ learn, /refuse,/ plan,/ agree, 下列动词之后，常出现带疑问词的不定式：和疑问词what, who, which, how, when, where等连用。tell，/ show，/teach，/decide，
3、/discuss，/learn，/know注意：动词find，think之后如有不定式作宾语，要用it作形式宾语，不定式后置 I find/think it +形容词 +to do sth （it=to do sth）作宾语补足语（中考复习重点）某些常用动词要求带to的不定式作宾语补足语want，/ wish，/invite，/get，/order，/tell，/ask，感官动词和部分使役动词之后要求不带to的不定式作宾语补足语feel,/ listen to / hear,/ watch,/ notice,/ look at,/ see, let(让) /make (使)，/have(让)宾
4、语补足语的否定式：在带to的不定式之前加not；不带to的前加not；tell sb.not to do sth make sb.not do sth注意：help之后不定式作宾语补足语时带不带to都可以;help sb.(to) do sth. 感官动词和部分使役动词之后接不带to的不定式,变为被动语态时要带toeg: She is often made to do her homework作状语：注意以下几种情况：作结果状语：too+形容词（副词）+to do sth 形容词（副词）+enough to do sth作目的状语：in order to do sth作原因状语：常出现在主系表
5、结构形容词表语之后； be+形容词(glad,happy,sorry,pleased,surprised 等 )+to do sth课本中出现的其他动词不定式的习惯表达：Its best/better(for sb.)to do sth. Something/nothing to do need to do sth.Hope to do sth. Its easy/hard to say/to doTheres no time to do sth. Have quite a lot of work to doBegin/start to do love to doIts time (for s
6、b.)to do do/try ones best to doLearn to do/teach (sb.)to do get/be ready to doIts very kind/nice of you to doTake turns to do/be ones turn to doChoose to do agree to do Wait (for sb.)to do cant wait to do Be able to do go on to do Use sth to do send for sb.to doIt seems to do/be be surprised to do B
7、e the first/second to do Prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.动名词:动名词做动词宾语的用法，有以下几种情况：下列常用动词(组)之后只能跟动名词作宾语。(keep/enjoy/finish/mind/ practice/ hate/ allow/ escape)+doing(feel like/ give up/ cant help/ be worth/ be busy)+doing介词，包括与动词构成固定搭配的介词之后要跟动名词 carry on doing sth, / thank sb. for doing spend(in)
8、doing sth /have fun (in) doing sthstopfrom doing sth.动名词作主语。Doing sth.is +形容词Playing basketball is good for your health.Remember to do sth.记住去做某事（动作尚未发生）Remember doing sth.记起过去做过Forget to do sth.忘记去做某事Forget doing sth.忘记过去曾经作过某事常用动词后接不定式和动名词作宾语意义有区别：like to do sth.(一次性行为)like doing sth (习惯性行为)Stop t
9、o do sth.停下手中事，去做另一件事Stop doing sth.停止正在做的事Try to do sth.设法努力去做某事Try doing sth.尝试做某事See/hear sb.do sth.看/听到某人干过了某事See/hear sb.doing sth. 看/听到某人正在干某事课本中出现的其他动名词习惯表达1go+doing 去做事go shopping/swimming/fishing/boating/hiking/skating/surfinggo water-skiing(去划水) go scuba diving(去潜水)2do +some/much+doing 做一些
10、/大量的事do some shopping/cleaning/reading/washing/cooking/walking3含动名词的名词短语: standing room 立足之地reading room阅览室 sitting room起居室waiting room候诊室,等候室 sleeping car卧铺车厢shopping list 购物单 shopping basket购物蓝starting line 起点线 finishing line终点线writing brush 毛笔 Tree Planting Day植树节4 stop sb./sth.(from) doing sth阻止
11、某人/物做某事 Prevent sb./sth.(from) doing sth阻止/防止某人/物做某事Keep sb./sth.from doing sth阻止/防止某人/物做某事注意:三条短语中,前两条中from可省去,而第三条不能省,因为:keep sb./sth doing sth 保持某人/物做某事5 have some difficulty(in)doing sth.在做某事中有困难 have some problems(in)doing sth 在做某事中有问题 have fun(in) doing sth 在做某事中过得愉快 spend(时间/金钱) (in) doing st
12、h在做某事上花费时间/金钱6 go on doing / what/how about doing / prefer sth. to doing be good at doing / instead of doing / find sb. doing keep(sb.)doing /keep on doing / mind doing there is sb.doing sth / feel like doing Its nice talking to you / get/be used for doingBe /become interested in doing sth. d附：动词原形d
13、o的用法： why not do? why dont you do you/he/we/theyd better (not) do (youd=you had)let/make/have sb.(not) do sth.（使役动词）will/would you please (not)do sth.) must/mustnt/can/cant/may/could/need(not)do (情态动词)see/hear/watch/feel sb. do (感官动词)look at sb. do (感官动词)listen to sb. do (感官动词) 10祈使句11help sb. do仿真训
14、练：用所给动词的适当形式填空1. After two hours discussion, the manager decide (end) the meeting.2. There are so many unusual things in the museum, its worth again(visit)3. It is not easy (learn)a foreign language4. We are glad (see) you again.5. We say him (play) football outside.6. He spends much time (read) story-book.7. We enjoy (read) books in our spare time.8. (read) in bed is bad for your eyes.9. Life is long if you know how (use)10. Are you interested in (collec
