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1、2012中考英语步步高精品：单项选择考点【主谓一致考点常考点透视】 考点透视一、下列情况下，主语是复数形式，而谓语动词却用单数形式。1.国名、人名、书名、组织机构等专有名词作主语，即使形式上是复数，谓语动词也要用单数。The Unite States is the second largest country in the world. 美国是世界上第二大国。Engels was good at learning foreign languages. 恩格斯擅长学外语。The United Nations was founded in 1945. 联合国成立于1945年。2.表示时间、金钱、距
2、离、重量的复数名词作主语，通常被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数。Two months is quite a long time. 两个月是很长的时间。Fifty kilometres is a long way. 五十千米是一段长路程。3.以-s结尾的名词，如news, works, maths, plastics及以-ics结尾的学科名称名词，如physics, politics等作主语，谓语动词须用单数。The news was very exciting. 消息激动人心。I hear physics isnt easy. 我听说物理不容易学。4.“one and a half +复数名数”
3、作主语，谓语动词用单数。One and a half days is all I can spare.5.“The number of + 复数名词”作主语，表示“的数量”，谓语动词用单数。The number of deer, mountain lions, and wild roses does not change much if people leave things as they are. 如果人们任其发展，鹿、美洲狮和野玫瑰的数量就不会有多大变化。但是 “A number of + 复数名词”作主语，表示“许多”，谓语动词用复数。A great number of birds f
4、ly to the south in winter.冬季许多鸟飞向南方。6.trousers(裤子)，clothes(衣服)，glasses(眼睛)，compasses(圆规)，chopsticks(筷子)scissors(剪刀)等作主语，谓语动词需用复数。但是，当trousers, glasses, compasses, chopsticks, scissors前有a pair of短语时，谓语动词则要用单数。What colour are Jims trousers?Theyre brown.但是，当trousers, glasses, compasses, chopsticks前有a p
5、air of短语时，谓语动词则要用单数。This pair of glasses is Mr Greens. 这副眼镜是格林先生的。7. everyone, everybody. nobody, somebody, anything, nothing等复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Is everyone here today? 今天大家都到齐了吗？Something is wrong with that boy? 那孩子有毛病。8. 动名词、不定式作主语，谓语动词用单数。Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes. 做眼保健操对你的眼睛有好处。9
6、. 表示“加(减、乘、除)等于”结构作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。99 and 2 is 101. 九十九加上二等于一百零一。Two times four is eight. 二乘以四等于八。10. “many a + 单数名词”结构作主语，虽然表示复数意义，但因中心词是单数，谓语动词仍用单数形式。Many a student has passed the exam. 许多同学通过了这次考试。11.主语前有each修饰时，谓语动词用单数。Each student has got an English-Chinese dictionary. 每个学生都有一本英汉词典。但是，当each位于主语后或句
7、末作同位语时，则不影响谓语动词的数。The children each have an apple. = The children have an apple each.12.引用的词或句子在形式和意义上可能都是复数，但放在引号内被看作一个整体，作主语时谓语动词要用单数。“You” is a pronoun.“你”是代词。“Books” is the plural of “book”. Books是book的复数形式。二、下列情况下，主语是单数形式，而谓语动词却用复数形式。1.police(警察)，people(人们)等形式上是单数，但通常被用作复数意义，谓语动词要用复数。The police
8、 are searching the hill for the spies. 警察在山上搜捕间谍。In England, people eat fish and chips. 在英国，人们吃油煎鱼加炸土豆片。但是，people作“民族”讲时，谓语动词用单数。The Chinese people is a great people. 中华民族是个伟大的民族。2. English, Chinese, Japanese等与the连用时表示复数意义，作主语时谓语动词用复数。The Chinese are kind and friendly.中国人善良友爱。3. old, young, poor, ri
9、ch等形容词与the连用，表示一类人，意义是复数，谓语动词用复数。The old are taken good care of. 老人得照顾好。4. 用and连接的名词作主语，指两个人或物时，谓语动词用复数; 指同一个人或物时，谓语动词用单数。The worker and the writer have come to the meeting. 那位工人和那位作家来参加会议了。The worker and writer comes from a small village. 这位工人兼作家出生于一个小村庄。但是，由and连接的两个单数名词前如有every, each, many a或no等词修
10、饰时，谓语动词用单数。Every boy and every girl wants to help the farmers pick apples, 每个男孩和每个女孩都想去帮助农民摘苹果。5. family(家庭)，class(班级)，group(组)，team(队)，enemy(敌人)等集体名词作主语时，如强调整体，谓语动词用复数，若强调个体，谓语动词用单数。The whole familys going for two months.全家人要去两个月。三、邻近一致。邻近一致原则指当主语是两个或两个以上的并列名词或代词时，谓语动词的数要与最邻近的名词或代词的数保持一致。1.由neither
11、.nor, either.or, not only.but also, or等并列连词连接的并列主语，谓语动词在数上与最邻近的主语保持一致。Neither I nor Jack has read this book. (=Neither Jack nor I have read this book.)我和杰克都没有看过这本书。Are either you or he going home? 你回家呢，还是他回家呢？Not only my brother but also I am going there. 不但我弟弟想去那里，我也想去那里。2. There be结构或Here be结构后面是并
12、列主语，谓语动词be在数上应与最邻近的主语保持一致。There is a book and many pencils on the desk. 桌子上有一本书和几支铅笔。There are ten chairs and a table in the house. 屋里有十把椅子和一张桌子。注意由as well as, with, together with, but, except等构成的短语不作主语，故不影响主语的人称和数，谓语的数取决于前面的主语。Mr Hu together with his friends goes shopping every Sunday.每个星期天胡先生都和他的朋友一起去买东西。* 学优中考网
