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1、2012中考英语专题讲解及提分练习题：被动语态 教学目标：通过对被动语态的复习，让学生了解被动语态使用的场合，熟练掌握其结构以及不同时态和一些特殊结构的被动语态，进而将学过的知识系统化。教学重点：1被动语态的结构：be + V-ed2各种时态的被动语态（时态变化体现在be动词上）教学难点：1一些特殊结构的被动语态（双宾语、不带to的动词不定式的被动语态）2不使用被动语态的场合学情分析：现在已是初三下学期，进入复习阶段。学生已在课本或练习中多次接触到被动语态的用法，也就是说学生手中已经有了一颗颗散落的珍珠，我们需要帮助学生将它们串起来，以便于理解、记忆和运用。另一方面，学生此时的两极分化也较大，
2、所以在教学过程中要注意到由易到难，逐渐深入。教学准备：1布置预习作业，复习动词的过去式和过去分词2制作powerpoint课件教学步骤：一、复习引入1写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词fall, enjoy, do, practice, cost, try, write, hear, plan, teach2总结变化规则 一般情况，加-ed，如：enjoy规则变化 以e结尾，加-d，如：practice 以辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i，加-ed，如：try 重读闭音节，双写，加-ed，如：plan不规则变化：见不规则动词表，如：do（设计意图：通过复习过去式和过去分词，让学生牢记变化规则，明确它们的
3、使用场合过去式用于一般过去时的句子，而被动语态中用到的是过去分词）二、考纲分析12006年考纲：考查三种时态被动语态的用法（一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时）。22007年考纲：考查被动语态的用法。（设计意图：初中学过的英语时态不仅包括上面提到的三种，还有进行时和完成时。通过对比这两年考纲，可以看出今年被动语态的考查面其实是加大了。）三、被动语态须掌握以下几点：1结构：be + V-ed2分清主动与被动：eg:Now many kinds of work can be done by robots. (do)I didnt go to the party because I wasnt in
4、vited. (not invite)I asked him if he would come the next day. (ask)We are told not to swim in the river. (tell)（点拨：主动还是被动？通过主谓关系来确定）3确定时态：各种时态被动语态的构成be + V-ed一般现在时am/is/are + V-ed一般过去时was/were + V-ed一般将来时will be + V-ed现在完成时have/has + V-ed现在进行时am/is/are being + V-ed情态动词can be + V-ed（点拨：时态的千变万化体现在be动词
5、之上）A lot of water is wasted every year. (waste)A new bridge was built over the river last year. (build)The job will be finished in ten minutes. (finish)Many man-made satellites have been sent into space since 1960. (send)-Have you moved into you new house?-No. The rooms are being painted. (paint)（点拨
6、：时态的确定需找关键词，或根据上下文暗示）4如何由主动变被动：eg:We clean the classroom every day.-The classroom is cleaned every day (by us).My mother doesnt allow me to drive.-I am not allowed to drive by my mother.When did Bell invented the telephone?-When was the telephone invented?Exx:More and more people speak English.-Engl
7、ish is spoken by more and more people.Who invented it?-Who(m) was it invented by?/By whom was it invented?（点拨：主动变被动分三步走：找主定谓补全）四、被动语态考点分析1不同时态的被动语态2注意短语动词的完整性改错：The old should be spoken politely. -spoken toThe population problem must be paid attention. -paid attention to（点拨：短语动词中的介词、副词容易漏掉，须注意）3带双宾语
8、的被动语态give sb. sth. -sb. be given sth.give sth. to sb. -sth. be given to sb.sim: send, show, pass, sellbuy sb. sth.-sb. be bought sth.buy sth. for sb.-sth. be bought for sb.sim: make, draw（点拨：带双宾语，物做主语，注意介词to还是for）4省略to的动词不定式的被动语态使役动词makemake sb. do sth.-sb. be made to do sth.感官动词see, watch, hearsee
9、sb. do sth.-sb. be seen to do sth.注意：see sb. doing sth.-sb. be seen doing sth.（点拨：省略to的动词不定式变被动补充to）5不用于被动的情况不及物动词happen, take place判断正误：( T )What happened?( F )What was happened?( T )What is happening?( T )What has happened?连系动词look, sound, taste, smell, feeleg: Whats wrong with the orange? It C te
10、rrible.A. is tastingB. is tastedC. tastesD. tasted某些可和well, easily等副词连用的动词，如：sell, wash, write, rideeg:The book sells well. 这本书销路不错。The cloth washes easily. 这种布料好洗。His new pen writes well. 他的新钢笔写起来流畅。（设计意图：让学生了解到并非所有的动词都可用于被动语态，并且有些动词在某些场合可用主动来表达被动意思）五、挑战中考1-How clean and tidy your bedroom is! -Than
11、ks. It _ every day.A. cleansB. is cleanedC. was cleanedD. is cleaning2Oh, this is really a big shop. Do you know when it _?A. builtB. was builtC. has builtD. has been built3The village is building a school. I hope it _ before August this year.A. finishesB. will finishC. is finishedD. will be finishe
12、d4These apples _ well because they _ nice.A. are sold, are lookedB. sell, lookC. sell, are lookedD. are sold, look5His schoolbag _ away by a woman ten minutes ago.A. was takenB. had takenC. tookD. were taken6-Mum, may I play football this afternoon? -You can if your homework _.A. has doneB. will doC
13、. is doneD. will be done7It was raining heavily outside. The kids were made _ in the classroomA. stayB. stayedC. stayingD. to stay8The woman still doesnt know what _ in her hometown while she was away.A. happenedB. happensC. will happenD. was happened9The flowers _ every day, or theyll die.A. must w
14、aterB. should waterC. can be wateredD. must be watered10Today, the forests have almost gone. People must _ down too many trees.A. stop to cutB. stop from cuttingC. be stopped to cutD. be stopped from cuttingKey: BBDBA CDADD（设计意图：通过具体的题目具体分析解题思路和技巧）教学反思：这是一节复习课，由于复习内容多，容量大，所以我制作了powerpoint课件，黑板留作给学生练习之用。本节课的成功之处在于：1复习全面，思路清晰，由浅入深，层层递进；2课件制作美观、实用，“主动变被动”环节设计精巧；3讲练结合，调动了学生的积极性，学生参与踊跃。不足之处：内容稍多，占用了几分钟下课时间。“挑战中考”环节可在下一节课进行，题量也可以加大，一可以检测学生的复习效果，二可以留给学生更多的时间思考，进而点拨解题技巧。学优中考网
