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1、英语陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句及练习一、陈述句*否定结构（1）用 not 和助动词或情态动词否定（2）用否定副词或代词否定eg： None of you watched carefully enough. Song writers are no longer writing about the modern values of the US We have never had women working in this part of our company before.（3）部分否定不定代词或副词如 all、both、every, everybody, every day everyt
2、hing, everyone, many, entirely, altogether, absolutely, wholly, completely, everywhere, always, often 与 not 连用时，表示部分否定，意为“并非都是，不是每个都是”等。翻译练习。All the answers are not right. All that glitters is not gold.All man cant be masters. Both the sisters are not clever.Every one cannot paint a masterpiece. Eve
3、ryone does not like playing football.Everybody wouldnt like it.（如要对上述的 all, both, every 作完全否定，那就分别要用与之相对应的全否定词，如 no, none, neither, no one, never, not (never) at all 等。 ）（4）否定转移本应放在 that 从句中的否定词 not 往往被移至主句的谓语动词前，这种现象叫转移否定，这类动词believe, expect, suppose, think, imagine, guess 等词的宾语从句否定时否定主句谓语动词。主句主语是第
4、一人称的一般现在时态。练习：变换以下句子的否定转移I think he will not come.I expect they will not succeed.I believe he didnt see you.She imagined that we wouldnt say goodbye.I guess that they havent seen each other.二、疑问句1、一般疑问句（一般疑问句通常情况下用 yes、no 来回答，但在很多情况下需根据具体情况用其它答语，如 certainly、of course、all right、not at all、sorry、perha
5、ps、never，no way 等。 ）2、特殊疑问句（特殊疑问句(special question)是用来对句子某一部分提问的疑问句，以疑问词开头。8W+H） 陈述句语序（疑问词作主语，或者作定语修饰主语，语序与陈述句的语序相同，指对主语进行提问。）What has made this lake so salty? 是什么东西使得湖水这样咸呢？疑问句语序另一种是“疑问词+一般疑问句”的语序， （其中疑问词作宾语、表语、定语或状语。 ）What did you give her to eat? 你给她吃什么东西？练习：用 what 和 who 各造两个例句，分辨用陈述句语序和疑问句语序3、反意
6、疑问句（1）概述反意疑问句又叫附加疑问句(tag question)，附在陈述句后，对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问，前肯后否，前否后肯。练习。1. She looks quiet enough, ? 2.You havent been to Beijing, ? 3.If I knew the answer, I wouldnt be working, ？ 4.Susans found her pass, ？前否后肯的回答及翻译-She hasnt got up, has she? You dont know the answer , do you?He never lends money
7、to you, does he?练习：1.Im late for class, ?我迟到了，是吗？2.Everyone came here, ?人都来了，是吗？3.Everything is ready, ?都准备好了，是吗？4. I dont suppose anyone will volunteer, ?我认为没人会自愿去做，是吗？5.He has a new book, ?他有一本新书，是吗？6.He ought to be punished, ?他应当受到惩罚，是吗？7.We have to get up at four tomorrow, ?我们明天得四点起床，是吗？8.Hed be
8、tter leave, ?他最好离开，是吗？9.How cool the weather is, ?天怎么这么冷！10.What a stupid fellow, ?多傻的小子啊！11.Lets discuss it now, ? 让我们现在讨论它，好吗？12. Let him go with you, ?让他跟你去，好吗？13.Dont smoke in the meeting room, 请不要在会议室抽烟，好吗？?14.What he lacks is confidence, ?他所缺乏的是信心，是吗？4. 选择疑问句-Which do you prefer, horse-riding
9、or shooting? -Is Susan still at school, or has she left(school)? -Was the peach ripe or green? 三、祈使句1、概述 祈使句(imperative sentence)表命令、警告、提醒、建议、请求、叮嘱、号召等，谓语动词用原形。主语 you 通常省略，句末用叹号或句号。VDLB 四型。Verb Dont（NO） Let Be祈使句的主语1.Tom, listen to me。 2. Come here, you!3.You clean the windows，and you(another man)mo
10、p the floor.4.Someone call a taxi.你去叫车！（相当于 You，不用 calls）5.Someone open that window.来个人把那扇窗户打开。6.Dont you be late again next time.你下次不要再来晚了四、感叹句感叹句(exclamatory sentence)用来表示说话人喜怒哀乐、惊讶、赞美等强烈感情的句子。用降调，句末用感叹号，句首多用 how 和 what，其余与陈述句结构相同。What N+ + S +VHow adj/adv练习: 用法 what 和 how 各造两个句子。一，划线部分提问31He ofte
11、n has lunch in the factory he often lunch？ 32They will come back in a month will they come back？ 33He hurt his leg last Sunday he hurt his leg ？ 34I got up at six this morning you up this morning ？ 35They were drawing a horse when I came in they when I came in ？ 二，选择题1.He little realized that he mad
12、e a big mistake,_?A.didnt he B.hadnt he C.had he D.did he2.-Your father told me that he overslept this morning.-Oh, my father rarely used to oversleep,_ ?A.wasnt B.was he C.didnt he D.did he3.-Nice to see you all.-Its been a long time since you dropped in,Mary _?A.didnt you B.isnt it C.dont you D.ha
13、snt it4.Tell me how to operate the electronic computer,_?A.will you B.dont you C.do you D.shant you5.Youd rather not do it,_?A.should you B.wouldnt you C.would you D.must you 6.There arent many cafes. Wed better stop at the next place we see, _ ?A.hadnt we B.wouldnt we C.had we D.didnt we7._down the
14、 radiothe babys asleep in the next room. A.Turning B.To turn C.Turned D.Turn8._he has sent us!A.What nice gift B.How nice gift C.What a nice gift D.How a nice gift9._good information it is A.How B.What C.How a D.What a10._exciting the film is! A.What B.How C.So D.How much11. I dont suppose anyone will volunteer , ?A. do I B. dont I C. will they D. wont they12._him and then try to copy what he does. (1999)A.Mind B.Glance C.Stare at D.Watch13._we have today!(1983)A.A fine weather B.What a fine weather C.How a fine weather D.What fine
