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1、The Attributive Clause-Relative Pronoun定语从句之关系代词,一、定语从句分类,The Restrictive Attributive Clause 限制性定语从句e.g. The old lady who lives next to us sells books.The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause 非限制性定语从句e.g. Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students.,二、定语从句结构,先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 e.g. The old lady
2、 who lives next to us sells books. （先行词） 关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 e.g. The old lady who lives next to us sells books. You should do all that I said. I have found the teather whom I am looking for. I visited the factory where my father works. （关系词）,三、关系词分类,关系代词： that, which, who, whom, whose,as关系副词： when, w
3、here, why,四、关系词的作用,引导定语从句 代替先行词 在定语从句中担当一个成分 e.g.The old lady who lives next to us sells books. 主句：The old lady sells books 从句：who lives next to us,五、关系代词引导的定语从句who,who 指人，在定语从句中作主语，既可引导限制性定语从句，又可引导非限制性定语从句。The boys ( )are playing football are from Class One.Those ( )want to go to the museum must be
4、 at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. His mother,( ) loves him very much, is strict with him.,who,who,who,whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。亦可引导非限制性定语从句。Mr Liu is the person ( ) you talked about on the bus. The professor ( ) you are waiting for has come. 注：关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用 who 来代替，也可省略。The man ( / /
5、) you met just now is my old friend.,五、关系代词引导的定语从句whom,whom,whom,whom,who,/,五、关系代词引导的定语从句which,which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 既可引导限制性定语从句，又可引导非限制性定语从句。He likes to read books ( ) are written by foreign writers.The film ( / ) they went to see last night was not interesting at all. China, ( ) was foun
6、ded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful.,which,which,/,which,五、关系代词引导的定语从句that,that 指人时，相当于 who 或 whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。The number of people ( / )come to visit this city each year reaches one million.Where is the man ( / / ) I saw this morning?The season ( / ) comes after s
7、pring is summer.,that,that,that,who,whom,which,/,五、关系代词引导的定语从句whose,whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。亦可引导非限制性定语从句I visited a scientist ( ) name is known all over the country. I once lived in the house( ) roof has fallen in. 注：指物时，常用下列结构来代替Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?Do you like the book the
8、cover of which is yellow?,whose,whose,五、关系代词引导的定语从句as,在限制性定语从句中，as在从句中可担任主语、宾语或表语。常用结构为：such.as，the same as.，.such as.We have found such materials as are used in their factory.The result is not the same as they had expected.This book is not such as I expect在限制性定语从句中，as在从句中做主语、宾语或表语，此外一些as引导定语从句已成为固定
9、用法。She is very careful, as her work shows.As we know As has been said before As is known to all As is often the case As is reported As was expected,六、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。The school (which/that) he once studied in is very famous. The school in which he once studied is v
10、ery famous.Tomorrow Ill bring here the magazine (which/that) you asked for. Tomorrow Ill bring here the magazine for which you asked.This is the boy (whom / who / that) I played tennis with yesterday. This is the boy with whom I played tennis yesterday.,七、“介词+关系代词”注意事项,含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：
11、look for, look after, take care of 等。This is the watch (which / that) I am looking for. This is the watch for which I am looking . The babies (whom / who / that) the nurse is looking after are very healthy. The babies after whom the nurse is looking are very healthy.,(),(),七、“介词+关系代词”注意事项,若介词放在关系代词前
12、，关系代词指人时只可用whom，不可用who, that；关系代词指物时只可用which，不可用that。关系代词是所有格时用whose。The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbour. The man with that / who you talked just now is my neighbour. The plane in which we flew to Canada was really comfortable. The plane in that we flew to Canada was really comfort
13、able.,(),(),七、“介词+关系代词”注意事项,“介词+关系代词”前还可有some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each , few等代词或者数词。He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad. There are forty students in our class in all, most of who
14、m are from big cities. Up to now, he has written ten stories, three of which areabout country life.,八、限制性定语从句常用that不用which的情况,当先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, much, little, none, one等不定代词时，只用that。歌诀助记：不定代词这路货，全用that准没错。Pay attention to everything ( )I do.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，只用that。歌诀助记：先行词前被限
15、定，千万不要用which。This is the best novel ( )I have read.,that,that,八、限制性定语从句常用that不用which的情况,如果出现两个或两个以上的先行词，并同时兼指人和物时，关系代词用that。歌诀助记：两项并列人与物，引导定从用that。They were talking about the person and things ( )they remembered in school.当先行词被the only, the last, the way, the same等修饰时。This is the last time ( )I shall give you a lesson.,that,that,八、限制性定语从句常用that不用which的情况,
