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1、1Unit 1 A brief introduction to international tradeKeyI. Answer my questions1. International trade is business whose activities involve the crossing of national borders. It includes not only international trade and foreign manufacturing but also encompasses the growing services industry in areas suc
2、h as transportation, tourism, banking, advertising, construction, retailing, wholesaling, and mass communications. It includes all business transactions that involve two or more countries. Such business relationship may be private or governmental.2. Sales expansion, resource acquisition and diversif
3、ication of sales and supplies.3. To gain profit.4. To seej out foreign markets and procurement.5. There are four major forms which are the following: Merchandise exports and Imports, Service Exports and Imports, Investment and Multinational Enterprise.6. It is the account which is a summary statemen
4、t of the flow of all international economic and financial transactions between one nation (eg.the United States ) and the rest of the world over some period of time, usually one year.7. Merchandise Exporting and Importing.8. Yes. There are great differences between them.1) direct investment takes pl
5、ace when control follows the investment. It usually means high commitment of capital, personnel, and technology abroad. It aims at gaining of foreign resources and foreign markets. Direct investment may often get higher foreign sales than exporting. And sometimes it involves two or more parties.2) W
6、hile portfolio investments are not under control. And they are used primarily for financial purposes. Treasures of companies, for example, routinely more funds from one country to another to get a higher yield on short term investments.9. MNE is the abbreviation of the multinational enterprise. Its
7、synonyms are NNC (the multinational corporation) and TNC (transnational corporation).10. Examples are travel, transport, fee, royalties, dividends and interest.11. The choice of forms is influenced by the objective being pursued and the environments in which the company must operate.12. It is limite
8、d by the number of people interested in a firms products and services and by customers capacity to make purchase.13. This is because at an early stage of international involvement these operations usually take the least commitment and least risk of a firms resources.14. Royalties means the payment f
9、or use of assets from abroad, such as for trademarks patens, copyrights, or other expertise under contract known as licencing agreements.Royalties are also paid franchising.15. It is a way of doing business in which one party (the franchiser) the use of a trademark that is an essential asset for the
10、 franchisers business.II Match each one on the left with its correct meaning on the right1. J 2.A 3.E 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.I 8.G 9.F 10.HIII Translate the following terms and phrases into Chinese1 购买力 11 经济复苏；恢复22 潜在销售量 12 经济衰退3 加价，涨价 13 间接投资4 国内市场 14 有形货物5 制成品 15 有形进出口6 边际利润 16 收入及支出；岁入及岁出7 市场占有率 17 超额能力8
11、 贸易歧视 18 贸易中间人（商） ；经纪人9 时机选择 19 全部包建的工程承包方式10 经销周期 20 许可证协定IV Case Study1 Answer：Batteries called white elephant exported from China were very popular in Southeast Asia, because white elephant was a lucky thing in Southeast Asia, but no one was interested in it in the market of Europe and the United
12、 States. The boss of the company was very strange that the quality of the battery or the price of reasons, so he asked his staff to investigate. Finally he found that is the brand white elephant to be blame. The brands name translated into English was white elephant which meant something were no use
13、 but cumbersome in Western countries. It was really a bad translation from culture information perspective. The meaning derived from a legend. According to the legend, there was a king who hated a minister, so he gave a white elephant to the minister for punishment. The minister has to take care of
14、the white elephant, he couldnt give it to others or kill it because its the king gave it to him. However, the appetite of the white elephant was so great, and the minister became poorer. So it showed people in western countries would not buy the battery for the consumers have no willing to buy somet
15、hing useless but cumbersome.V. OpenVI.Translate the following into English1. Trade is often the engine of growth. However oversimplified this metaphor may be, it does serve to underline the importance of foreign trade in the process of growth. A healthy expansion of exports may not always be suffici
16、ent condition for rapid and sustained growth, but a strong positive association between the two is clearly undeniable. Trade expansion contributes to economic growth in many ways. Among them are the benefits of specialization; the favorable effects of international competition on domestic economic efficiency; the increased capacity to pay for the imports required in developm
