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1、2014中考英语二轮专题复习数词和主谓一致名师导航1基数词和序数词的构成和用法。2年、月、日、时的基本表达方式和分数、加减法以及 hundred, thousand, million等的用法。3就近一致原则。4意义一致原则。5语法一致原则。考点梳理考点一 基数词1构成(1)012单独记。如:zero, one, two, three等。(2)1319词尾都是teen。如:fourteen, seventeen等,但13thirteen,15fifteen,18eighteen需要特殊记。(3)20, 30, 40等整的基数词均以ty结尾。如: 20twenty, 30thirty, 40for
2、ty, 50fifty, 80eighty等。(4)“几十几”要加连字符号“”。如:48fortyeight, 97ninetyseven等。(5)“几百几十”或“几百几十几”的后面要用and连接。如:156one hundred and fiftysix, 509five hundred and nine等。(6)四位数或者四位数以上的基数词的拼写规律用逗号从右往左每三位加一个逗号,第一个逗号前为千(thousand),第二个逗号前为百万(million),第三个逗号前为十亿(billion)。如:3,610three thousand six hundred and ten; 94,295
3、ninetyfour thousand two hundred and ninetyfive;274,350two hundred and seventyfour thousand, three hundred and fifty等。2用法(1)表示数量。 如:thirty trees 30棵树。(2)表示年龄和年份。如:at the age of 15 在15岁时;in 2013 在2013年。(3)表示时刻。表示“时间”,有两种方法,即:小时分钟或用介词past 表示“几点过几分”,用to表示“差几分就几点了”,分钟数放在past/to之前。如:1:58读作one fiftyeight或t
4、wo to two; 1:12读作one twelve或twelve past one; at half past nine 在9点半。(4)表示顺序。如:Class Five 五班; Room One 1号房间。(5)确数和概数的表达。“基数词hundred/thousand/million/billion可数名词复数”表示准确数字,如:five hundred五百。“hundreds/thousands/millions/billions of名词”表示约数,“数百/千/百万/十亿”,前面可用several, some, many等修饰。(6)年代表达法。“几十”的基数词的复数形式或者在年
5、份后面加s可以用来表示岁数和年代。如:in his fifties 在他五十多岁的时候; in the 1960s 在20世纪60年代。(7)“another基数词名词”或者“基数词more名词”表示在一定基础上再增加一定的数量。如:two more orangesanother two oranges 再来两个橘子。(8)“基数词单数可数名词形容词”作定语修饰名词。如:a sixteenyearold boy一个16岁的男孩; an 800metrelong bridge一座800米长的桥; womens 800metre race女子800米接力; a tenminute walkten
6、minutes walk步行十分钟的路程。【即时训练】1.【2013莆田】19Lets go to the bookstore at half past nine tomorrow morning Its too lateLets make it A.a quarter to nine B .twenty to ten C.a quarter to ten2.【2013阜康】9. Can you imagine what life will be like in _ time? A. 20 years B. 20 years C. 20-years D. 20-year3.【2013天水】39
7、. Have you finished your todays work? No, I need _. A.two another hours B.another two hours C.more two hours D.two other hours4.【2013自贡】36.Please write down the new words in the text of _. A.Lesson Ten B.the Lesson Ten C.Tenth Lesson5.【2013乌鲁木齐】26. The number of the cars in our neighborhood is about
8、 eight _, and _ of them are new cars. A.hundred; two thirdsB. hundred; two thirds C. Hundreds; two thirdsD. hundreds; two third考点二 序数词1构成(1)“第一”、“第二”、“第三”分别是 first, second, third。(2)“第四”到“第十九”除了fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth是特殊的拼写外,其余的都是在相应基数词后面加th构成。如:fourth。(3)整十的序数词由相应的基数词变y为i,再加eth。如:thirtythirti
9、eth; fiftyfiftieth。(4)第一百hundredth; 第一千thousandth; 第一百万millionth; 第十亿 billionth。(5)有个位数的基数词只变化个位数。如:twentyonetwentyfirst; one hundred and oneone hundred and first。2用法(1)基数词和序数词都用于编号或编排顺序,序号在前时用序数词,序号在后时用基数词。如:第二课Lesson Twothe second lesson。(2)序数词表示日期。日期可按“日,月,年”的顺序表示,也可按“月,日,年”的顺序表示。日期既可以用阿拉伯数字,也可以写
10、成缩略形式的序数词。如:2010.5.1读作May the first, two thousand and ten。(3)分数的表示。分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于1时,分母加s; “分数名词”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于名词。名词为复数,谓语动词用复数;名词为单数或者不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。如:1/4 one fourth; 3/6 three sixths。【即时训练】1.【2011雅安】8. September is _ month of the year. A. ninth B. nine C. the nine D. the ninth2.【2013梅州】31. Uni
11、t _ is easy but _ unit is difficult.A.Sixth; seven B.Six; seven C.Sixth; the seventh D.Six; the seventh 3.【2012贵州铜仁】26 About _of the students in Grade Nine this year were born in the_.A. three five; 1996.B. three fifths; 1990s C. third fifth; 1997. D. third fifths; 1990s4.【2013宿迁】10. of the coats ma
12、de of cotton. They feel comfortable. A. Two-thirds; isB. Two-thirds; areC. Two-third; isD. Two third; are5.【2013湛江】21.What day is it today?: Its Monday, and its my _ birthday. A.fifteen B.fifteenth C.the fifteen D.the fifteenth来考点三 数词的其他用法1表示倍数关系。“一倍”是once; “两倍”是twice; 表示“三倍”或“三倍以上的倍数”用“数字times”。如:三
13、倍three times; 十倍ten times。2数词前加every,表示“每一段时间或每隔一段时间”。如: every ten days/every ninth day每10天/每隔9天。3与数目有关的词。如:half一半; second 秒; a quarter 四分之一; several几个; a few几个; a dozen一打; a score 约二十个。4特殊短语。如: half an hour 半小时; two or three hourstwo hours or three 两三个小时; four and a half yearsfour years and a half
14、四年半。【即时训练】1.【2012浙江杭州】19.We have two ears and one mouth so that we can listen_we speak.A. as twice much asB. twice an much asC. as much as twiceD. as much twice as2.【2012四川宜宾】28. Would you like to have _ apples? No, thank you. Ive had enough. A. other two B. another two C. more two D. two others 3. Nowadays more and more the young _ fond of pop music. A. are B. is C. were D. was考点四 就近一致原则(即谓语的单复数取决于离谓语最近的主语的单复数形式。)1there be句型当主语是系列事