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1、纵观美国和加拿大的“校车安全史”，值得借鉴的关键在于，保障中小学生出行安全的不只是装备精良的“彪悍”校车，还需一整套以学生安全为出发点的交通法规和配套措施。Throughout Canada and the United States school bus AnQuanShi, is the key to worthy of learning, to ensure the safety of primary and secondary school students travel is not just a well-equipped school bus tough, still need
2、a set of security as the starting point for students traffic regulations, and supporting measures.近日，一些中国网友疯传美国校车 PK 悍马完胜的新闻图片，甚至有不少人说 “北美校车比装甲车还坚固”、“撞毁悍马轻而易举”，其实，这多少是夸大其辞。Recently, some Chinese netizens spread American school buses PK hummer won a news picture, even a lot of people said the north A
3、merican school buses is strong than armored vehicles , crashed hummer easily, in fact, this is much exaggerated.就在 11 月 16 日，一辆校车在加拿大西部卑诗省内陆山区的阿尔托纳郊区撞上一辆大型卡车，尽管后者已经刹车，校车车头也依然撞成全毁，两车司机和一名女生重伤，另一名女生轻伤，若非当地人烟稀少，校车上学生寥寥无几，后果恐更严重。正如一位曾开过校车的汽车教练所言，再结实的汽车也还是汽车，真正提高安全系数的办法是避撞，而非耐撞。On November 16, a school b
4、us in western Canada British Columbia province inland mountainous toner suburbs into a big truck, though the latter have brakes, bus car and still hit fully destroyed and the car driver and a female student, the other a girl minor injuries, were it not for the sparsely populated, few students on the
5、 school bus, the consequences is more serious. As one ever open the bus car coach, sturdy car is car again, really improve safety coefficient method is collision avoidance, rather than a bruise.纵观美国和加拿大的“校车安全史”，值得借鉴的关键在于，保障中小学生出行安全的不只是装备精良的“彪悍”校车，还需一整套以学生安全为出发点的交通法规和配套措施。耐撞：关键部位借鉴装甲车防护原理Throughout C
6、anada and the United States school bus AnQuanShi, is the key to worthy of learning, to ensure the safety of primary and secondary school students travel is not just a well-equipped school bus tough, still need a set of security as the starting point for students traffic regulations, and supporting m
7、easures. Bruise: key parts reference armored protection principle的确，北美校车实在太经典了，那宽大的车体，结识的车身，黄黑相间的经典颜色，和传说中的“神气霸道”，都让北美校车成为神话一般的存在。Indeed, the north American school buses is so classic, the wide body, make body, yellow and black classic colors, and the legendary air bully, let a north American school
8、 buses became a myth.其实校车最早并不诞生于北美，甚至一开始也并不是校车，而是诞生于 1837 年的英国，是一种用邮政马车改装的大型马车，其颜色也沿用了邮政马车流行的大红色，现代校车的几个关键特点：有醒目的涂装标志;停车时有警告其它车辆停驶避让的信号;每人一个座位，没有站席，以确保乘车者安全;在车的后部有应急出口，方便遭遇事故、车门被堵死后学生迅速撤离，等等，在那个时代就已基本具备。Actually the earliest bus does not was born in North America, even at the beginning and not the s
9、chool bus, but was born in 1837 in Britain, is a kind of cart adapted for postal big carriage, its color is also used for mail-coach popular red, several key characteristics of modern school bus: bold painting marks; Parking there warn other vehicles stopped avoidance signal; Each one a seat, there
10、is no standing, to ensure the safety of motorists. Emergency exit in the back of the car, convenient students after the accident, the door be closed promptly, and so on, had basically met at that time.1908 年，美国汽车大亨福特发明了著名的福特 T 型车，这种车从小型家用车到大型客车一应俱全，其中的大型车，很快成为校车的首选，如今虽然校车已更新换代了不知多少代，但“骨架”却仍是从 T 型车一脉
11、相承的。In 1908, the us auto giant ford invented the famous ford model T, this car from the house of small cars to large passenger cars from soup to nuts, one of the big car, and soon becomes the first choice of the school bus, today although the bus is upgrading generation dont know how many, but it is
12、 still skeleton sentiments from T.和欧洲国家不同，北美幼儿园专用校车从一开始就不太像普通的大客车，而是尖头、发动机前置，底盘很高，长相酷似驮着个大客车车厢的大卡车，这样的造型虽然看上去有些“傻大黑粗”，却可以有效缓冲正面冲撞对校车产生的冲击力，并减少侧面擦碰给车体造成的伤害。Unlike European countries, north American school buses from the start is not like ordinary buses, but pointed, front engine, the chassis is very
13、high, like a car carrying a coach of the trucks, the modelling of such although looks a bit ShaDaHeiCu, it can effectively buffer the impact of the head-on collision on the school bus, and reducing the side brush touch to car body damage.自上世纪 30 年代起，北美校车两侧开始加装金属防护轨;60 年代起，校车被要求在几个关键脆弱部位加装金属加固件，这是借鉴了
14、装甲车辆的要害防护原理;80 年代起，许多州的校车开始在顶层和底层改装双层车体，进一步加强车辆的防撞性。此外，北美校车都是柴油车型，柴油燃点比汽油高，这也多少提升了其安全系数。Since the 1930 s, on both sides of the school bus started to add the metal guard rail in North America; The 60 s, the school bus was asked in a few key vulnerable parts with metal reinforcement, it is reference t
15、o the key protection principle of armored vehicles; The 80 s, many states have the school bus start at the top and bottom of modified double body, further strengthen the crashworthiness of the vehicle. In addition, the north American school buses are all diesel vehicles, diesel high ignition point t
16、han petrol, it also promoted the safety coefficient.一系列加固措施，令北美校车在一旦遭遇冲撞等车祸意外时，能起到更好的保护作用，伤亡率比普通客车要小得多。一旦被撞，从结构上尽可能确保减少伤亡，便于救生和逃脱，也是十分重要的。在这点上，号称“全球校车安全系数最高”的加拿大，是做得最细致的。A series of reinforcement measures, make the north American school buses in once confronted with collision accidents, such as, can have better protection effect, casualty rate is much smaller than ordinary passenger cars. Once hit, as far as possible to ensure to reduce casualties from structure, fa
