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1、,Advance with English,Unit 3 Looking good, feeling good,Students Book 1,Non-restrictive attributive clauses (1st period),1. This is the park _we visited last year. 2. This is the park _ we visited the model plane. 3. She wont forget the days _ she spent on the island. 4. She wont forget the days _ t
2、hey stayed together. 5. I bought a vase _ price was reasonable.,that/which/ ,where/in which,that/which/ ,when/in which,Revision,whose,who 主/宾 人 whom 宾 关 whose 定语 系 that 主/宾 代 词 which 主/宾 物 that 主/宾 whose (of which) 定语,summary,时间 when(= 介词+which) 地点 where (= 介词+which) 原因 why (= for+which),关 系 副 词,做状语
3、,Compare：,Nanjing is a city _ lies on the Changjiang River. I live in Nanjing , _ lies on the Changjiang River. I live in Nanjing, _ you can find many places of interest.,which,where/in which,Tip 1,A non-restrictive attributive clause adds extra information to the main clause of a sentence. There is
4、 usually a comma before it.,that/which, 形式与意义不同 限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、确 定的作用，是先行词不可缺少的定 语，如果省去，主句的意思就会不完 整，不明确或不合逻辑。这种定语从 句和主句之间不能用逗号隔开。 The man who came here yesterday has come again.,限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。,非限制性定语从句和先行词关系松散，只是对先行词作附加说明，如果省去，主句的意思仍然完整或清楚。这种定语从句和主句之间用逗号隔开。如：,Charlie Chaplin, who died in 1977, wa
5、s one of the worlds greatest actors., 引导词不完全相同 非限制性定语从句有两个禁忌：that和why不能引导非限制性定语从句。在非限制性定语从句中，that的作用由who，whom和which分别承担。 Yesterday I met jenny, who was very tired., 引导词的省略情况不同 在限制性定语从句中，关系代词充当宾语时可以省略。 I lost the photos (that/which) I took in Iraq. 在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词无论在什么情况下都不可以省略。, 译法不同 翻译限制性定语从句时，通常是把
6、从句翻译成定语放在先行词前，也就是说，先翻译定语从句，后翻译先行词。而翻译非限制性定语从句时，从句不放在先行词前，按顺序先译先行词，后译定语从句即可。 The lady who is getting off the bus is a musician. 正在走下汽车的那位女士是个音乐家。 The lady is a musician,who is getting off the bus. 那位女士是个音乐家,她正在走下汽车。,The old man has a son who/that is a doctor. The old man has a son, who is a doctor.,(
7、限制性定语从句起限定作用; 老人还可能有其他儿子),那个老人有做医生的儿子。,那老人有一个儿子，是医生。,（非限制性定语从句起补充说明作用；老人只有一个儿子。）,Compare：,He told me a story, which is already known to all. He came late, which made the teacher angry. He missed the movie, which was a great pity.,“which” can be used to refer to _ _.,= and it,Tip 2,Whats the differen
8、ce between “which” and “as” when they refer to a whole sentence?,Structure: As was expected, we won the game. We won the game, which/as we expected. The number of the visitors, as/which we had expected, was over 200. Mom loved the youngest son a lot, which made others upset.,We won the game, which w
9、e hadnt expected., 句首一定用as，which 不可能放在句首。 as有“正如”的含义，which没有此含义。 as从句中常用动词：know, say, see , expect, hope, mention等 as常用于固定搭配中： suchas soas the same as,1. He is a hard working student, _ we all know. 2. He has won first prize, _ we all expected. 3. _ we hoped, he came to help us. 4. _ was planned, th
10、e work was finished on time. 5. The number of the visitors, _we had expected, was over 200.,as,as,As,As,as,He is such a clever boy _ can solve all the questions. This is such an interesting book _ interests all students. This is so difficult a question _ no one can work out. He is so popular a perso
11、n _ we all like to talk with. I bought the same car _ he is driving.,as,as,as,as,as,He has three sons who/that are doctors. He has three sons, two of whom are doctors. He has three sons, all of whom are doctors. He has three sons, none of whom are doctors.,Tip 3,We can use all/some of +whom/which to
12、 talk about part of something.,Exercises:,1. Join each pair of sentences to form one sentence, using one of them as a non-restrictive attributive clause with who, whom, whose, which, where or when.,1) Amy is an actress. she is Zhou Lings friend. _,Amy, who is an actress, is Zhou Lings friend./ Amy,
13、who is Zhou Lings friend, is an actress.,2) The doctors at hospital tried their best to save Amy. Amy spent about two months in that hospital. _ _,The doctors at the hospital, where Amy spent about two months, tried their best to save Amy./ The doctors at the hospital tried their best to save Amy, w
14、ho spent about two months there.,3) Amy eats lots of fruit and vegetable. All of them are good for her health. _ _,Amy eats lots of fruit and vegetables, all of which are good her health.,4) Amy sometimes goes for a walk in the afternoon. It is fine and warm in the afternoon. _ _,Amy sometimes goes for a walk in the afternoon, when it is fine and warm.,5) My uncle is an engineer and is working in Beijing. I told you about him yesterday. _ _,My uncle, whom I told you about yesterday, is an engineer and is working in Beijing./ My uncle, about whom i told you yesterday, is an engineer and i
