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1、动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，又叫非谓语动词，它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能做谓语；它由“to+动词原形”构成，这里的 to 是动词不定式符号，本身没有词义，其否定形式常在 to 前加 not；在句子中可作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等句子成分。为使同学们更好地掌握其用法，现总结如下： 一、动词不定式作主语 动词不定式作主语时，为避免句子的头重脚轻，常用 it 作为形式主语，而真正的主语动词不定式后置。如要说明动作的执行者，可在不定式前加for 引导的短语；但如果表语是 nice, kind, clever 等描述动作执行者的性格、品质的形容词时，则应在不定式前加 of 引
2、导的短语。常用句型:It + be + adj./n. + (for/of sb.) to do sth.It takes sb. some time to do sth. 二、动词不定式作宾语 一些动词，如want, decide, hope, ask, agree, choose, learn, plan, need, teach, prepare,等，常接动词不定式作宾语。当动词不定式作宾语时，如果后接宾语补足语，常用 it 作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语放在宾语补足语之后。应注意有些动词后面可接不定式作宾语，也可接动名词作宾语，但所表达的意义不同。常见的有：（1）stop to do st
3、h.停止正在做的事，去做另一件事；stop doing sth. .停止正在做的事（2）go on to do sth. 做完一件事后，继续做另一件事；go on doing sth.继续做同一件事（3）remember/forget to do sth.记住忘记去做某事；remember/forget doing sth. 记得忘记做过某事 三、动词不定式作定语 动词不定式作后置定语时，与被修饰的名词逻辑上有动宾关系。如果动词不定式是不及物动词时，则要带上与之搭配的介词，构成及物动词短语。动词不定式作后置定语常用于“have/has 某事to do”或“enough名词to do” “Its
4、 time to do sth.”等结构中。 四、动词不定式作宾语补足语 有些动词，如 tell, ask, want, invite, teach, like, call 等可接带 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语，构成 tell/ask/want /call/invite sb. to do sth.结构。应注意动词不定式作使役动词和感官动词的宾语补足语时应省去 to，在被动语态中应加上 to。这些动词可归纳为“一感(feel) ，二听(listen to, hear)，三让(let, make, have,，四看 (look at, see, watch, notice)，半帮助(help
5、)(即在动词 help 后面作宾语补足语时，to 可有可无)” 。另有口诀帮助记忆：“感使动词真奇怪，to 在句中像妖怪，主动句中to 离开，被动句中 to 回来。 ”(let 不用于被动语态) 五、动词不定式作状语 动词不定式作状语主要用来修饰动词，表示目的，结果或原因。为了强调目的，有时可以把动词不定式放在句首，或在不定式前加 in order 或so as。常用结构有 too + adj./adv. + to do sth.等。 六、固定句式中动词不定式的用法 在固定句式中对不定式的考察常见的有：had better (not) do sth.Would you like to do s
6、th. ?Why not do sth. ?Would you please (not) do sth. ? 一、单项选择。 1. _ is difficult to work out the maths problem. A. This B. That C. It D. Its 2. We decided _ at the end of this month. A. travel B. not start out C. to leave D. going 3. They have no paper_.A. to write B. to write with C. writes on D .t
7、o write on 4. Let him _ a rest. I think he must be tired after the long walk. A. has B. have C. to have D. having 5. _the computer is a problem. A. How to use B. What to use C. Where to use D. Which to use 6. The teacher told us _in bed. A. dont read B. read not C. to not read D. not to read 7. The
8、old man was _angry _ say a word. A. so, that B. as, as C. too, to D. very, to 8. Why _home tomorrow? A. not go B. not going C. not to go D. didnt go 9. The TV set is too loud. Will you please _? A. turn down it B. turn it down C. to turn it down D. to turn down it 10. Its cold outside. You had bette
9、r _ your coat. A. to put on B. putting on C. puts on D. put on 二、用所给动词的正确形式填空。 1. It took half an hour _ (get) to the World Park from Kittys school. 2. It was interesting _(see) so many places of interest from all over the world. 3. They want _(save) time by using shorter words and phrases. 4. Kitty
10、s classmate Daniel taught himself how _(make) a home page. 5. Things _(do) in Beijing 6. He put his photos on it for everyone _(look) at. 7. Help him _(put) the photos in the correct order. 8. He made the girl _(cry) yesterday. 9. Its time for class. Please stop _(talk). 10. Id like _(go) to the Tem
11、ple of Heaven.三、根据上句意思完成下句，使两句意思相近或相同，每空一词。 1. He was so angry that he couldnt say anything. He was too angry _ _ anything. 2. He said he would write a letter. He said he would have a letter _ _. 3. That you read English in the morning is very important. It is very important _ you _ _ English in the
12、 morning. 4. He was so strong that he could lift the stone. He was strong _ _ _ the stone. 5. His brother decided（决定）that he would buy the book. His brother decided _ _ the book. 6. He hopes that he can visit the Great Wall. He hopes _ _ the Great Wall. 7. I saw him go into the room. He was seen _ _
13、 into the room. 8. Do you want to say anything for yourself? Do you have anything _ _ for yourself? 9. We dont know what we shall do next. We dont know what _ _ next. 10. Im very sorry on hearing the bad news. Im very sorry _ _ the bad news. 11. He stopped and had a look at me. He stopped _ _ a look at me. 12. I helped him with his English. I helped him _ _ English. 13. The box is so heavy that I cant carry it. The box is too heavy _ me _ _. 14.“Lie down! ”the boy said to his dog. The boy ordered his dog _ _ down. 15.“Dont make any noise, ”she said to me. She told me _ _ _ any noise.
