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1、专题一 名词、代词、冠词,高考英语(课标专用),考点一 名词 1.(2017江苏,34)The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But alternative (explain) are hard to find.,五年高考,答案 electricity 句意: 按时交电费很重要, 因为晚交电费可能会影响你的信誉。本题考查名 词作定语。名词作定语时,常用其单数形式,故答案为electricity。,2.(2016浙江,4)It is important to pay
2、your (electric)bill on time, as late payments may affect your credit.,答案 explanations 句意:恐龙灭绝未必是由天体事故造成的,但是也很难找到其他的解释。 设空处在此处作句子的主语,要用其名词形式。根据谓语动词are可知此处要用名词的复数形 式。,答案 date 句意:这本词典过时了:自从它出版以来,这种语言已经添加了许多单词。out of date过时。,4.(2016天津,2)The dictionary is out of : many words have been added to the langua
3、ge since it was published.,答案 happiness 句意:你能告诉我们你幸福、长寿的诀窍吗?确切地说,就是充实地 度过每一天。介词后需用名词形式,happiness作“幸福” 讲为不可数名词,故答案为happi- ness。,3.(2016江苏,24)Can you tell us your recipe for (happy) and a long life? Living every day to the full, definitely.,答案 balance 句意:这个男孩在追他哥哥的时候失去了平衡,重重地跌了一跤。lose ones balance失去平衡
4、,符合语境。,6.(2015湖北,21)When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his (balanced) and had a bad fall.,答案 thought 句意:现在没有必要告诉我你的答案,思考一下然后再让我知道。本题考查名 词。some修饰名词,故填thought。,5.(2015安徽,30)There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some (think)and then let me know.,答案 adjustments 句意:有些学校将不得
5、不做出一些调整来和国家足球改革保持一致。ad- justment 是adjust的名词形式, make adjustments 意为“做出调整”。,8.(2015江苏,32)Some schools will have to make (adjust)in agreement with the national soc- cer reform.,答案 identity 句意:在去执行秘密任务的时候,为隐藏自己的身份,他给自己取了一个新名 字。考查名词。identify是动词,意为“鉴定,识别”。identity是名词,意为“身份”。,7.(2015湖北,22)He gave himself a
6、 new name to hide his (identify) when he went to carry out the secret task.,答案 stress 句意:减轻压力最有效的方法之一就是与你信任的人谈谈感受。在本句中应用名 词形式,stress是名词,意为“压力”。,10.(2015浙江,15)One of the most effective ways to reduce (stressed) is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.,答案 apology 句意:Dave,去向你妈妈道歉。我愿意去,但是我担心她对我
7、的道歉并 不会感到满意。apologize的名词形式是apology。,9.(2015江苏,35)Go and say sorry to your Mom, Dave. Id like to, but Im afraid she wont be happy with my (apologize).,答案 motivation 句意:她写作的动机是渴望为妇女争取接受高等教育的权利。形容词性物 主代词后需用名词形式,此外后面的谓语动词为was,故设空处需用名词单数形式。,12.(2014湖北,21)Her (motivate)for writing was a desire for women t
8、o get the right to higher education.,答案 suggestion 句意:如果你没有足够的钱买辆新车的话,为什么不先买辆二手车呢? 那个建议不错。根据句子结构可推知设空处需用名词形式,设空处前有不定冠词,故设空处填 suggestion。,11.(2014安徽,29)Why not buy a second-hand car first if you dont have enough money for a new one? Thats a good (suggest).,答案 taste 句意:在巴黎期间,她培养了对美术的兴趣。冠词a后加名词,故填taste
9、。,14.(2013天津,7)While she was in Paris,she developed a (tasty)for fine art.,答案 patience 句意:每当我犯错时,老师都会耐心地把它们指出来。设空处前面为介词with, 故应填写名词patience(耐心)。,13.(2013江西,22)Whenever I made mistakes,the teacher pointed them out with (patient).,2.(2016浙江,3)In many ways, the education system in the US is not very di
10、fferent from in the UK.,答案 It 句意:就在我返回我的公寓的时候,我第一次偶遇的我的新邻居。根据语境和结构可 知,本句考查强调句式,被强调部分为when引导的时间状语从句,根据基本结构“It is/was. that.”可知设空处填It。,考点二 代词 1.(2017天津,11) was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neigh- bors.,答案 that 句意: 在许多方面,美国的教育制度与英国的教育制度没有很大差异。考查代词。 首先将原句改为:In many way
11、s, the education system in the US is not very different from the educa- tion system in the UK.然后考虑用that代替特指的单数名词。,答案 none 句意:Niki总是会有很多想法,但是据我所知没有一个想法是有用的。本题考查代 词。none没有一个。,4.(2015四川,10)Niki is always full of ideas, but is useful to my knowledge.,答案 other 句意:为了使自己暖和,那个水手坐在炉火前面光着脚互相摩擦。本题考查代 词。此处指“两者中
12、的另一个”,故填other。,3.(2015陕西,13)To warm himself, the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the .,5.(2015天津,2)The quality of education in this small school is better than in some larger schools.,答案 that 句意:这所小学校的教育质量比一些更大的学校的(教育质量)好。考查代词。根据 语境可知设空处用来替代前面出现的the quality of education
13、,以避免重复,故答案为that。,评析 代词是一个比较难的语言点,要求熟练掌握常考代词(it,that,one等)所指代的范围,做题时 要弄清设空处到底指代什么,是特指还是泛指,是单数还是复数,是同类同物还是同类异物等。,答案 It 句意:门口的那个人是谁?是送牛奶的人。考查代词用法。用以指代不明性 别的人时常用it。,8.(2014大纲全国,25)Whos that at the door? is the milkman.,答案 nobody 句意:会议将在9月份召开,但是没有人知道确切日期。考查不定代词。根据题 干中的but可知此处应该用表示否定意思的nobody。,7.(2015重庆,2
14、)The meeting will be held in September, but knows the date for sure.,答案 it 句意:如果你正在看你最喜欢的电视节目,而有人进入房间没有问你就把电视关上,你 觉得怎样?本题考查代词。it在句中作形式宾语,if从句是真正的宾语。,6.(2015浙江,12)How would you like if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?,答
15、案 others 句意:在一些国家,人们用筷子吃饭,而在另外一些国家,人们用刀叉吃饭。some. others.表示“一些,另一些”。,11.(2014福建,21)In some countries,people eat with chopsticks,while in ,knives and forks.,答案 nothing/little 句意:微笑不会损失什么,但是却能给予很多。根据题干中的but可推知设 空处应为表示否定的代词,故答案为nothing或little。,10.(2014重庆,1)A smile costs ,but gives much.,答案 it 句意:苏珊清楚地向我
16、表明,她希望自己开始一种新生活。句中that she wished to make.是真正的宾语,空格处应为形式宾语,故用it。,9.(2014山东,4)Susan made clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.,答案 Everyone/Everybody 句意:你可以找任何人帮忙。这儿的每一个人都愿意帮助你。根 据上下文逻辑可知此处表示“这里的每个人”故答案为everyone或everybody。由于设空处后 为is,故all(所有人)不符合。,13.(2014安徽,24)You can ask anyone for help. here is willing to lend you a hand.,答案 it 句意:去年加利福尼亚全年的平均降雨量只有18.75厘米,使得这一年成为加利福
